Innsbruck
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Innsbruck (; bar, Innschbruck, label=
Austro-Bavarian Bavarian (german: Bairisch , Bavarian: ''Boarisch'') or alternately Austro-Bavarian, is a West Germanic language, part of the Upper German family, together with Alemannic and East Franconian. Bavarian is spoken by approximately 12 million peop ...
) is the capital of
Tyrol Tyrol (; historically the Tyrole; de-AT, Tirol ; it, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps - in Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County of Tyrol, part of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Emp ...
and the fifth-largest city in
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
. On the River Inn, at its junction with the
Wipp Valley The Wipp Valley (german: Wipptal) is an Alpine valley in Tyrol, Austria and in South Tyrol, Italy, running between Innsbruck and Franzensfeste. The Brenner Pass (1,374 m) at the Austro-Italian border divides it into the northern, Austrian Lowe ...
, which provides access to the
Brenner Pass The Brenner Pass (german: link=no, Brennerpass , shortly ; it, Passo del Brennero ) is a mountain pass through the Alps which forms the border between Italy and Austria. It is one of the principal passes of the Eastern Alpine range and has ...
to the south, it had a population of 132,493 in 2018. In the broad valley between high mountains, the so-called North Chain in the
Karwendel Alps The Karwendel is the largest mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps. The major part belongs to the Austrian federal state of Tyrol, while the adjacent area in the north is part of Bavaria, Germany. Four chains stretch from west to east; in ...
(
Hafelekarspitze The Hafelekarspitze is a mountain in the so-called North Chain (''Nordkette'') north of Innsbruck in Austria. Location and landscape Below and west of the summit is the top station of ''Hafelekar'', the second section of the Nordkette Cable Car ...
, ) to the north and
Patscherkofel Patscherkofel is a mountain and ski area in the Alps, in Tyrol in western Austria, 7 km (4 mi.) south of Innsbruck. The peak rises to a summit elevation of above sea level. The town of Igls at its northwest base is at , a vertical dro ...
() and
Serles Serles (2,718 m) is a mountain of the Stubai Alps in the Austrian state of Tyrol, Austria, between the Stubai Valley and Wipptal, near the Italian border. Its nickname is ''Altar von Tirol'', literally the ''Altar of Tyrol''. It has several low ...
() to the south, Innsbruck is an internationally renowned
winter sports Winter sports or winter activities are competitive sports or non-competitive recreational activities which are played on snow or ice. Most are variations of skiing, ice skating and sledding. Traditionally, such games were only played in cold area ...
centre; it hosted the
1964 Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...
and
1976 Winter Olympics The 1976 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XII Olympic Winter Games (german: XII. Olympische Winterspiele, french: XIIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) and commonly known as Innsbruck 1976 ( bar, Innschbruck 1976, label=Austro-Bavarian), was a ...
as well as the
1984 Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast A ...
and
1988 Winter Paralympics The 1988 Winter Paralympic Games (german: Paralympische Winterspiele 1988) were the fourth Winter Paralympics, held again in Innsbruck, Austria. These were the last Winter Paralympics to be held in a separate location from the Winter Olympics ...
. It also hosted the first
Winter Youth Olympics The Youth Olympic Games (YOG) is an international multi-sport event for athletes between 15 and 18 years old, organized by the International Olympic Committee. The games are held every four years in staggered summer and winter events consisten ...
in 2012. The name means "bridge over the Inn".


History


Antiquity

The earliest traces suggest initial inhabitation in the early
Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years, and ended between 4,000 BC and 2,000 BC, with t ...
. Surviving pre-Roman place names show that the area has been populated continuously. In the 4th century the
Romans Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy * Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
established the army station Veldidena (the name survives in today's urban district Wilten) at Oenipons (Innsbruck), to protect the economically important commercial road from
Verona Verona ( , ; vec, Verona or ) is a city on the Adige River in Veneto, Northern Italy, Italy, with 258,031 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region. It is the largest city Comune, municipality in the region and the ...
- Brenner-
Augsburg Augsburg (; bar , Augschburg , links=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swabian_German , label=Swabian German, , ) is a city in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, around west of Bavarian capital Munich. It is a university town and regional seat of the ' ...
in their province of
Raetia Raetia ( ; ; also spelled Rhaetia) was a province of the Roman Empire, named after the Rhaetian people. It bordered on the west with the country of the Helvetii, on the east with Noricum, on the north with Vindelicia, on the south-west with T ...
. The first mention of Innsbruck dates back to the name ''Oeni Pontum'' or ''Oeni Pons'' which is
Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
for bridge (pons) over the Inn (Oenus), which was an important crossing point over the Inn river. The Counts of
Andechs Andechs is a municipality in the district of Starnberg in Bavaria in Germany. It is renowned in Germany and beyond for Andechs Abbey, a Benedictine monastery that has brewed beer since 1455. The monastery brewery offers tours to visitors. The 2 ...
acquired the town in 1180. In 1248 the town passed into the hands of the
Counts of Tyrol The (Princely) County of Tyrol was an estate of the Holy Roman Empire established about 1140. After 1253, it was ruled by the House of Gorizia and from 1363 by the House of Habsburg. In 1804, the County of Tyrol, unified with the secularised p ...
. The city's arms show a bird's-eye view of the Inn bridge, a design used since 1267. The route over the
Brenner Pass The Brenner Pass (german: link=no, Brennerpass , shortly ; it, Passo del Brennero ) is a mountain pass through the Alps which forms the border between Italy and Austria. It is one of the principal passes of the Eastern Alpine range and has ...
was then a major transport and communications link between the north and the south of Europe, and the easiest route across the
Alps The Alps () ; german: Alpen ; it, Alpi ; rm, Alps ; sl, Alpe . are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately across seven Alpine countries (from west to east): France, Sw ...
. It was part of the
Via Imperii Via Imperii (Imperial Road) was one of the most important of a class of roads known collectively as imperial roads (''german: Reichsstraßen'') of the Holy Roman Empire. This old trade route ran in a south–north direction from Venice on the Ad ...
, a medieval imperial road under special protection of the king. The revenues generated by serving as a transit station on this route enabled the city to flourish.


Early History

Innsbruck became the capital of all Tyrol in 1429 and in the 15th century the city became a centre of European politics and culture as Emperor Maximilian I also resided in Innsbruck in the 1490s. The city benefited from the emperor's presence as can be seen for example in the Hofkirche. Here a funeral monument for Maximilian was planned and erected partly by his successors. The ensemble with a
cenotaph A cenotaph is an empty tomb or a monument erected in honour of a person or group of people whose remains are elsewhere. It can also be the initial tomb for a person who has since been reinterred elsewhere. Although the vast majority of cenot ...
and the bronze statues of real and mythical ancestors of the Habsburg emperor are one of the main artistic monuments of Innsbruck. A regular postal service between Innsbruck and
Mechelen Mechelen (; french: Malines ; traditional English name: MechlinMechelen has been known in English as ''Mechlin'', from where the adjective ''Mechlinian'' is derived. This name may still be used, especially in a traditional or historical contex ...
was established in 1490 by the Thurn-und-Taxis-Post. In 1564
Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria Ferdinand II, Archduke of Further Austria (Linz, 14 June 1529 – 24 January 1595, Innsbruck) was ruler of Further Austria and since 1564 Imperial count of Tirol. The son of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, he was married to Philippine Welser ...
received the rulership over
Tirol Tyrol (; historically the Tyrole; de-AT, Tirol ; it, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps - in Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County of Tyrol, part of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Emp ...
and other
Further Austria Further Austria, Outer Austria or Anterior Austria (german: Vorderösterreich, formerly ''die Vorlande'' (pl.)) was the collective name for the early (and later) possessions of the House of Habsburg in the former Swabian stem duchy of south-we ...
n possessions administered from Innsbruck up to the 18th century. He had
Schloss Ambras Ambras Castle (german: Schloss Ambras Innsbruck) is a Renaissance castle and palace located in the hills above Innsbruck, Austria. Ambras Castle is above sea level. Considered one of the most popular tourist attractions of the Tyrol, Ambras Castle ...
built and arranged there his unique Renaissance collections nowadays mainly part of Vienna's
Kunsthistorisches Museum The Kunsthistorisches Museum ( "Museum of Art History", often referred to as the "Museum of Fine Arts") is an art museum in Vienna, Austria. Housed in its festive palatial building on the Vienna Ring Road, it is crowned with an octagonal do ...
. Up to 1665 a
stirps In ancient Rome, a gens ( or , ; plural: ''gentes'' ) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens was called a ''stirps'' (plural: ''stirpes''). The ''gen ...
of the Habsburg dynasty ruled in Innsbruck with an independent court. In the 1620s the first opera house north of the Alps was erected in Innsbruck (Dogana). In 1669 the university was founded. Also as a compensation for the court as Emperor Leopold I again reigned from Vienna and the Tyrolean stirps of the Habsburg dynasty had ended in 1665. During the
Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...
Tyrol was ceded to
Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...
, ally of France.
Andreas Hofer Andreas Hofer (22 November 1767 – 20 February 1810) was a Tyrolean innkeeper and drover, who in 1809 became the leader of the Tyrolean Rebellion against the Napoleonic and Bavarian invasion during the War of the Fifth Coalition. He was subse ...
led a Tyrolean peasant army to victory in the
Battles of Bergisel The Battles of Bergisel were four battles fought between Tyrolese civilian militiamen and a contingent of Austrian government troops and the military forces of Emperor Napoleon I of France and King of Kingdom of Bavaria against at the Bergise ...
against the combined Bavarian and French forces, and then made Innsbruck the centre of his administration. The combined army later overran the Tyrolean
militia A militia () is generally an army or some other fighting organization of non-professional soldiers, citizens of a country, or subjects of a state, who may perform military service during a time of need, as opposed to a professional force of r ...
army and until 1814 Innsbruck was part of Bavaria. After the
Vienna Congress The Congress of Vienna (, ) of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon B ...
Austrian rule was restored. Until 1918, the town (one of the 4 autonomous towns in Tyrol) was part of the
Austrian monarchy The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
(Austria side after the
compromise of 1867 The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (german: Ausgleich, hu, Kiegyezés) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. The Compromise only partially re-established the former pre-1848 sovereignty and status of the Kingdom of Hungary ...
), head of the district of the same name, one of the 21 ''Bezirkshauptmannschaften'' in the
Tyrol Tyrol (; historically the Tyrole; de-AT, Tirol ; it, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps - in Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County of Tyrol, part of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Emp ...
province. The Tyrolean hero
Andreas Hofer Andreas Hofer (22 November 1767 – 20 February 1810) was a Tyrolean innkeeper and drover, who in 1809 became the leader of the Tyrolean Rebellion against the Napoleonic and Bavarian invasion during the War of the Fifth Coalition. He was subse ...
was executed in Mantua; his remains were returned to Innsbruck in 1823 and interred in the Franciscan church. During World War I, the only recorded action taking place in Innsbruck was near the end of the war. On February 20, 1918, Allied planes flying out of Italy raided Innsbruck, causing casualties among the Austrian troops there. No damage to the town is recorded. In November 1918 Innsbruck and all Tyrol were occupied by the 20 to 22 thousand soldiers of the III Corps of the First Italian Army. In 1929, the first official Austrian Chess Championship was held in Innsbruck.


Annexation and bombing

In 1938 Austria was annexed by
Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
in the ''
Anschluss The (, or , ), also known as the (, en, Annexation of Austria), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into the German Reich on 13 March 1938. The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a " Greater Germany ...
''. Between 1943 and April 1945, Innsbruck experienced twenty-two air raids and suffered heavy damage.


Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino

In 1996, the European Union approved further cultural and economic integration between the Austrian province of
Tyrol Tyrol (; historically the Tyrole; de-AT, Tirol ; it, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps - in Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County of Tyrol, part of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Emp ...
and the Italian autonomous provinces of
South Tyrol it, Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano – Alto Adige lld, Provinzia Autonoma de Balsan/Bulsan – Südtirol , settlement_type = Autonomous province , image_skyline = , image_alt ...
and
Trentino Trentino ( lld, Trentin), officially the Autonomous Province of Trento, is an autonomous province of Italy, in the country's far north. The Trentino and South Tyrol constitute the region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, an autonomous region ...
by recognizing the creation of the
Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino In European politics, the term Euroregion usually refers to a transnational co-operation structure between two (or more) contiguous territories located in different European countries. Euroregions represent a specific type of cross-border region. ...
.


Geography


Climate

Innsbruck has a
humid continental A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and freezing ...
climate (
Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...
''Dfb'') using isotherm or
oceanic climate An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate, is the humid temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification ''Cfb'', typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool summers and mild winters ( ...
(''Cfb'') using the original isotherm since it has larger annual temperature differences than most of Central Europe due to its location in the centre of the Continent and its position around mountainous terrains. Winters are often very cold (colder than those of most major European cities) and snowy, although the
foehn wind A Foehn or Föhn (, , ), is a type of dry, relatively warm, downslope wind that occurs in the lee (downwind side) of a mountain range. It is a rain shadow wind that results from the subsequent adiabatic warming of air that has dropped most of ...
sometimes brings pronounced thaws. Spring is brief; days start to get warm, often over , but nights remain cool or even freezing. Summer is highly variable and unpredictable. Days can be cool and rainy, or sunny and extremely hot, sometimes hitting . In summer, as expected for an alpine-influenced climate, the
diurnal temperature variation In meteorology, diurnal temperature variation is the variation between a high air temperature and a low temperature that occurs during the same day. Temperature lag Temperature lag is an important factor in diurnal temperature variation: peak d ...
is often very high as nights usually remain cool, being on average, but sometimes dipping as low as . The average annual temperature is .


Boroughs and statistical divisions

Innsbruck is divided into nine boroughs (cadastral settlements) that were formed from previously independent municipalities or villages. These nine boroughs are further divided into twenty wards (cadastral districts). All wards are within one borough, except for the ward of Hungerburg (Upper Innsbruck), which is divided between two. For statistical purposes, Innsbruck is further divided into forty-two statistical units (''Statistischer Bezirk'') and 178 numbered blocks (''Zählsprengel''). The following are the nine boroughs with the population as of 31 October 2011: * Innsbruck (inner city) (18.524), consisting of Oldtown (''Altstadt''), Dreiheiligen-Schlachthof, and Saggen * Wilten (15.772), consisting of Mentlberg, Sieglanger, and Wilten West * Pradl (30.890), consisting of Pradler-Saggen, Reichenau, and Tivoli * Hötting (31.246), consisting of Höttinger Au, Hötting West, Sadrach, Allerheiligen, Kranebitten, and part of Hungerburg * Mühlau (4.750), consisting of part of Hungerburg * Amras (5.403), consisting of Roßau * Arzl (10.293), consisting of Neuarzl and Olympisches Dorf * Vill (535) * Igls (2.204)


Places of interest


Mountains

*
Nordkette The Nordkette, also variously called the North Chain, Northern Range, rarely the Inn Valley Range or Inn Valley Chain (''Inntalkette''), is a range of mountains just north of the city of Innsbruck in Austria. It is the southernmost of the four g ...
*
Patscherkofel Patscherkofel is a mountain and ski area in the Alps, in Tyrol in western Austria, 7 km (4 mi.) south of Innsbruck. The peak rises to a summit elevation of above sea level. The town of Igls at its northwest base is at , a vertical dro ...


Buildings and monuments

* Old Inn Bridge (''Alte Innbrücke'') *
Ambras Castle Ambras Castle (german: Schloss Ambras Innsbruck) is a Renaissance castle and palace located in the hills above Innsbruck, Austria. Ambras Castle is above sea level. Considered one of the most popular tourist attractions of the Tyrol, Ambras Castle ...
*
Andreas Hofer Andreas Hofer (22 November 1767 – 20 February 1810) was a Tyrolean innkeeper and drover, who in 1809 became the leader of the Tyrolean Rebellion against the Napoleonic and Bavarian invasion during the War of the Fifth Coalition. He was subse ...
's tomb * St. Anne's Column (''Annasäule'') *
Bergisel Ski Jump The Bergisel Ski Jump (german: Bergiselschanze), whose stadium has a capacity of 26,000, is a ski jumping hill located in Bergisel in Innsbruck, Austria. It is one of the more important venues in the FIS Ski Jumping World Cup, annually hosting the ...
* Büchsenhausen Castle * Canisianum *
Casino A casino is a facility for certain types of gambling. Casinos are often built near or combined with hotels, resorts, restaurants, retail shopping, cruise ships, and other tourist attractions. Some casinos are also known for hosting live entertai ...
*
City Hall In local government, a city hall, town hall, civic centre (in the UK or Australia), guildhall, or a municipal building (in the Philippines), is the chief administrative building of a city, town, or other municipality. It usually houses ...
(''Stadtsaal'') * Golden Roof (''Goldenes Dachl'') * Helbling House (''Helblinghaus'') * Imperial Palace (''Hofburg'') *
Hungerburgbahn The Hungerburgbahn is a hybrid funicular railway in Innsbruck, Austria, connecting the city district of Hungerburg with the city centre. The current line opened on 1 December 2007, replacing a previous alignment that operated from 1906 to 2005. ...
* Leopold Fountain (''Leopoldsbrunnen'') * Maria-Theresien-Straße * Maximilian's Cenotaph and the Black Men (''Schwarzen Männer'') * Old Federal State Parliament (''Altes Landhaus'') * Old Town (''Altstadt'') * Silver Chapel (''Silberne Kapelle'') * City Tower (''Stadtturm'') *
Triumphal Arch A triumphal arch is a free-standing monumental structure in the shape of an archway with one or more arched passageways, often designed to span a road. In its simplest form a triumphal arch consists of two massive piers connected by an arch, crow ...
(''Triumphpforte'') * Tyrolean State Theatre


Museums

* Alpine Club Museum *
Ambras Castle Ambras Castle (german: Schloss Ambras Innsbruck) is a Renaissance castle and palace located in the hills above Innsbruck, Austria. Ambras Castle is above sea level. Considered one of the most popular tourist attractions of the Tyrol, Ambras Castle ...
*
Armoury An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, maintained and repaired, stored, or issued, in any combination, whether privately or publicly owned. Arsenal and armoury (British English) or armory (American English) are most ...
* City Archives * Grassmayr Bell Foundry and Museum *
Innsbruck Stubaital station Stubaital station (german: Stubaitalbahnhof) was built in 1903 and, until 1983, was the terminus of the Stubai Valley Railway in Innsbruck. Since 1983 trains approaching from Fulpmes have been routed through the city of Innsbruck. Originally t ...
* Kaiserjäger Museum * Tyrol Panorama Museum (''Das Tirol Panorama'') * Tyrolean Folk Art Museum (''Tiroler Volkunstmuseum'') *
Tyrolean State Museum The Tyrolean State Museum (german: Tiroler Landesmuseum), also known as the Ferdinandeum after Archduke Ferdinand, is located in Innsbruck, Austria. It was founded in 1823 by the Tyrolean State Museum Ferdinandeum Society (''Verein Tiroler Lande ...
(''Tiroler Landesmuseum'' or ''Ferdinandeum'') *
Tyrolean Museum Railways The Tyrolean Museum Railways or Tiroler MuseumsBahnen (TMB) is a railway society in Austria whose aim is the preservation and/or documentation of the historically important branch lines (known as '' Localbahnen'') and their rolling stock in the sta ...
(''Tiroler Museumsbahnen'')


Churches

* Court Church (''Hofkirche'') *
Innsbruck Cathedral Innsbruck Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral of St. James (german: Dom zu St. Jakob), is an eighteenth-century Baroque cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Innsbruck in the city of Innsbruck, Austria, dedicated to the apostle Saint Jam ...
(''Dom zu St. Jakob'') * Old Ursuline Church * Jesuit Church * Church of Our Lady * Church of Our Lady of Perpectual Succour * Servite Church * Hospital Church * Ursuline Church * Wilten Abbey (''Stift Wilten'') * Wilten Basilica (''Wiltener Basilika'') * Holy Trinity Church * St. John's Church * St. Theresa's Church (Hungerburg) * Pradler Parish Church * St. Paul's State Memorial Church in the Reichenau * Evangelical Church of Christ * Evangelical Church of the Resurrection * Old Höttingen Parish Church * Höttingen Parish Church * Parish Church of St. Nicholas * Parish Church of Neu-Arzl * Parish Church of St. Norbert * Parish Church of Maria am Gestade * Parish Church of the Good Shepherd * Parish Church of St. George * Parish Church of St. Paul * Parish Church of St. Pirminius * Church of the Guardian Angel


Parks and gardens

* Alpine Zoo (''
Alpenzoo ''Alpenzoo Innsbruck'' is a zoo located in the town Insbruck, in the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is one of the highest elevation zoos in Europe. General Founded 22 September 1962 by the Austrian zoologist Hans Psenner, Alpenzoo became famous b ...
'') *
Baggersee Innsbruck Baggersee Innsbruck (also: ''Baggersee Rossau'') is located in the south-eastern part of Innsbruck at the Inn River and belongs to the city district Amras. With an area size of 2.8 ha it is the second largest lake in the city area. Only the Lake La ...
* Innsbruck University Botanic Garden * Hofgarten (''Court Garden'') * Rapoldi-Weiher Park * Ambras Castle Park (''Schlosspark Ambras'')


Gallery

File:Chateau ambras.jpg, Ambras Castle File:Zeughaus-innsbruck.jpg, Armoury File:Innsbruck 2 108.jpg, City Tower (''Stadtturm'') File:Helblinghaus3.JPG, Helblinghaus File:Innsbruck Flusspromenade.jpg, Innsbruck from the Inn river (looking towards
Nordkette The Nordkette, also variously called the North Chain, Northern Range, rarely the Inn Valley Range or Inn Valley Chain (''Inntalkette''), is a range of mountains just north of the city of Innsbruck in Austria. It is the southernmost of the four g ...
) File:Innsbruck 1 305.jpg, Maximilian's Cenotaph and the Black Men in the Court Church File:Goldenes Dachl 3950109736 571225b427 b.jpg, Old Town (''Altstadt'') with the
Goldenes Dachl The Goldenes Dachl (''Golden Roof'') is a landmark structure located in the Old Town (''Altstadt'') section of Innsbruck, Austria. It is considered the city's most famous symbol.Schulte-Peevers 2007, p. 168. Completed in 1500, the roof was decorat ...
File:Innsbruck Siebenkreuzkapelle 2.jpg, Siebenkreuzkapelle File:IA TirolerLandesmuseum A.jpg, Tyrolean State Museum (''Tiroler Landesmuseum'') File:Innsbruck-Basilique de Wilten.jpg, Wilten Basilica


Government and politics

The results of the 2018 local elections were: *
Austrian Green Party Austrian may refer to: * Austrians, someone from Austria or of Austrian descent ** Someone who is considered an Austrian citizen, see Austrian nationality law * Austrian German dialect * Something associated with the country Austria, for example: ...
24.16% (left) *
Freedom Party of Austria The Freedom Party of Austria (german: Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, FPÖ) is a right-wing populist and national-conservative political party in Austria. It was led by Norbert Hofer from September 2019 to 1 June 2021.Staff (1 June 2021"Aust ...
18.56% (right) * Für Innsbruck 16.15% (conservative) *
Austrian People's Party The Austrian People's Party (german: Österreichische Volkspartei , ÖVP ) is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative political party in Austria. Since December 2021, the party has been led provisionally by Karl Nehammer. It is currentl ...
12.17% (conservative) *
Social Democratic Party of Austria The Social Democratic Party of Austria (german: Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs , SPÖ), founded and known as the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria (german: link=no, Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei Österreichs, SDAPÖ) unti ...
10.32% (left) *
NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum (german: NEOS – Das Neue Österreich und Liberales Forum) is a liberal political party in Austria. It was founded as NEOS – The New Austria in 2012. In 2014, NEOS merged with Liberal Forum and adopte ...
4.73% (center) * Bürgerforum Tirol – Liste Fritz (FRITZ) 3.23% * Gerechtes Innsbruck (Gerecht) 3.10% * Tiroler Seniorenbund – Für Alt und Jung (TSB) 2.72% * Alternative Liste Innsbruck (ALI) 2.38%


Culture


Cultural events

Innsbruck is a very popular
tourist destination A tourist attraction is a place of interest that Tourism, tourists visit, typically for its inherent or an exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement. Types Places of ...
, organizing the following events every year: * Innsbrucker Tanzsommer * Bergsilvester (New Year's Eve) * Innsbrucker Festwochen der Alten Musik (Innsbruck Festival of Early Music) * Christkindlmarkt (Christmas fair) In 1971, author
Douglas Adams Douglas Noel Adams (11 March 1952 – 11 May 2001) was an English author and screenwriter, best known for ''The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy''. Originally a 1978 BBC radio comedy, ''The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy'' developed into a " ...
was inspired to write the internationally successful ''
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy ''The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy'' (sometimes referred to as ''HG2G'', ''HHGTTG'', ''H2G2'', or ''tHGttG'') is a comic science fiction, comedy science fiction franchise created by Douglas Adams. Originally The Hitchhiker's Guide to th ...
'' series while lying intoxicated in a field in Innsbruck. From 2003 onwards each year
Towel Day Towel Day is celebrated every year on 25 May as a tribute to the author Douglas Adams by his fans. On this day, fans openly carry a towel with them, as described in Adams' ''The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy'', to demonstrate their appreciat ...
is celebrated worldwide on May 25.


Sports

Due to its location between high mountains, Innsbruck serves as an ideal place for
skiing Skiing is the use of skis to glide on snow. Variations of purpose include basic transport, a recreational activity, or a competitive winter sport. Many types of competitive skiing events are recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IO ...
in winter,
ski-jumping Ski jumping is a winter sport in which competitors aim to achieve the farthest jump after sliding down on their skis from a specially designed curved ramp. Along with jump length, competitor's aerial style and other factors also affect the final ...
and
mountaineering Mountaineering or alpinism, is a set of outdoor activities that involves ascending tall mountains. Mountaineering-related activities include traditional outdoor climbing, skiing, and traversing via ferratas. Indoor climbing, sport climbing, a ...
in summer. There are several
ski resorts A ski resort is a resort developed for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter sports. In Europe, most ski resorts are towns or villages in or adjacent to a ski area – a mountainous area with pistes (ski trails) and a ski lift system. In North ...
around Innsbruck, with the
Nordkette The Nordkette, also variously called the North Chain, Northern Range, rarely the Inn Valley Range or Inn Valley Chain (''Inntalkette''), is a range of mountains just north of the city of Innsbruck in Austria. It is the southernmost of the four g ...
served by a cable car and additional chair lifts further up. Other ski resorts nearby include
Axamer Lizum Axamer Lizum is a village and ski resort in Austria, located southwest of Innsbruck in the state of Tyrol. At the 1964 Winter Olympics, it hosted five of the six alpine skiing events: women's downhill, and men's and women's slalom and giant slal ...
, Muttereralm,
Patscherkofel Patscherkofel is a mountain and ski area in the Alps, in Tyrol in western Austria, 7 km (4 mi.) south of Innsbruck. The peak rises to a summit elevation of above sea level. The town of Igls at its northwest base is at , a vertical dro ...
, Igls,
Seefeld Seefeld may refer to: Places * Seefeld in Tirol, a tourist resort in Tyrol, Austria * Seefeld, Bavaria, a town in Starnberg, Bavaria, Germany ** Seefeld Castle * Seefeld, Schleswig-Holstein, a municipality in Rendsburg-Eckernförde, Schleswig-Ho ...
,
Tulfes Tulfes is a municipality in the district of Innsbruck-Land in the Austrian state of Tyrol (state), Tyrol, located 12 km east of Innsbruck and 6 km above Hall in Tirol. The village was mentioned as “Tellevo” for the first time in 1240. ...
and Stubai Valley. The glaciated terrain in the latter makes skiing possible even in summer months. The
Winter Olympic Games The Winter Olympic Games (french: link=no, Jeux olympiques d'hiver) is a major international multi-sport event held once every four years for sports practiced on snow and ice. The first Winter Olympic Games, the 1924 Winter Olympics, were he ...
were held in Innsbruck twice, first in
1964 Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...
, then again in
1976 Events January * January 3 – The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enters into force. * January 5 – The Pol Pot regime proclaims a new constitution for Democratic Kampuchea. * January 11 – The 1976 Phila ...
, when
Colorado Colorado (, other variants) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains, as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of t ...
voters rejected a bond referendum in 1972 to finance the
Denver Denver () is a consolidated city and county, the capital, and most populous city of the U.S. state of Colorado. Its population was 715,522 at the 2020 census, a 19.22% increase since 2010. It is the 19th-most populous city in the Unit ...
games, originally awarded in 1970. The
1976 Winter Olympics The 1976 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XII Olympic Winter Games (german: XII. Olympische Winterspiele, french: XIIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) and commonly known as Innsbruck 1976 ( bar, Innschbruck 1976, label=Austro-Bavarian), was a ...
were the last games held in the German-speaking
Alps The Alps () ; german: Alpen ; it, Alpi ; rm, Alps ; sl, Alpe . are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately across seven Alpine countries (from west to east): France, Sw ...
(Austria, Germany, or Switzerland). Along with St. Moritz, Switzerland and
Lake Placid, New York Lake Placid is a village in the Adirondack Mountains in Essex County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,303. The village of Lake Placid is near the center of the town of North Elba, southwest of Plattsburgh. ...
in the United States, it is one of three places which have twice hosted the Winter Games. It also hosted the
1984 Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast A ...
and
1988 Winter Paralympics The 1988 Winter Paralympic Games (german: Paralympische Winterspiele 1988) were the fourth Winter Paralympics, held again in Innsbruck, Austria. These were the last Winter Paralympics to be held in a separate location from the Winter Olympics ...
. Innsbruck hosted the 1st Winter Youth Olympic Games in 2012. Innsbruck also hosts one of the 4 ski-jumping competitions of the 4 Hills Tournament every year. Other notable events held in Innsbruck include the Air & Style Snowboard Contest from 1994 to 1999 and 2008 and the
Ice Hockey World Championship The Ice Hockey World Championships are an annual international men's ice hockey tournament organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). First officially held at the 1920 Summer Olympics, it is the sport's highest profile annua ...
in 2005. Together with the city of
Seefeld Seefeld may refer to: Places * Seefeld in Tirol, a tourist resort in Tyrol, Austria * Seefeld, Bavaria, a town in Starnberg, Bavaria, Germany ** Seefeld Castle * Seefeld, Schleswig-Holstein, a municipality in Rendsburg-Eckernförde, Schleswig-Ho ...
, Innsbruck organized the Winter
Universiade The Universiade is an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation (FISU). The name is a portmanteau of the words "University" and "Olympiad". The Universiade is referred t ...
in 2005. Innsbruck's
Bergiselschanze The Bergisel Ski Jump (german: Bergiselschanze), whose stadium has a capacity of 26,000, is a ski jumping hill located in Bergisel in Innsbruck, Austria. It is one of the more important venues in the FIS Ski Jumping World Cup, annually hosting the ...
is one of the hills of the famous
Four Hills Tournament The Four Hills Tournament (german: link=no, Vierschanzentournee) or the German-Austrian Ski Jumping Week (german: link=no, Deutsch-Österreichische Skisprung-Woche) is a ski jumping event composed of four World Cup events and has taken place in ...
. Innsbruck is home to the
football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly c ...
club
FC Wacker Innsbruck FC Wacker Innsbruck was an Austrian association football club from Innsbruck, Tyrol. History The ''Fußball-Club Wacker'' ("Valiant") ''Innsbruck'' was established in 1915 by Jakob Hanspeter, Benedikt Hosp, Josef Leitner, Josef Albrecht and o ...
, which plays in the
Austrian Football Second League The Austrian Football Second League (german: 2. Liga) is the second-highest professional division in Austrian football. It was formerly called the First League (''Erste Liga''), from 2002 to 2018. The division currently contains 16 teams, and t ...
as of the 2019–20 season. Former teams include the
FC Swarovski Tirol FC Swarovski Tirol was an Austrian association football club from 1986 to 1992, based in Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria. History It was created by crystal manufacturer Swarovski as a split-off of FC Wacker Innsbruck, whose Bundesliga license it a ...
and
FC Tirol Innsbruck FC Tirol Innsbruck was an Austrian association football club from Innsbruck, Tyrol which existed between 1993 and 2002, when bankruptcy was declared. History It was – after the establishment of FC Swarovski Tirol in 1986 – the s ...
. FC Wacker Innsbruck's stadium,
Tivoli Neu The Tivoli Stadion Tirol (formerly named ) is a multi-purpose stadium in Innsbruck, Austria. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Bundesliga club WSG Tirol and Raiders Tirol of the European League of Footb ...
, is one of eight stadiums which hosted
Euro 2008 The 2008 UEFA European Football Championship, commonly referred to as UEFA Euro 2008 or simply Euro 2008, was the 13th UEFA European Championship, a quadrennial football tournament contested by the member nations of UEFA (the Union of European ...
which took place in Switzerland and Austria in June 2008. The city also hosted an American Football final,
Eurobowl The Eurobowl was the championship final game of a tournament style playoff to determine the champion of all of the American football leagues in Europe. The tournament featured the top or champion clubs from each countries top league that was cal ...
XXII between the
Swarco Raiders Tirol The Raiders Tirol (for the AFL-Teams SWARCO Raiders Tirol, formerly Papa Joe’s Tyrolean Raiders) are an American football team based in Innsbruck, Austria. Founded in 1992, the Raiders since have become one of Austria's and Europe's most domina ...
and the
Raiffeisen Vikings Vienna The Vienna Vikings is an American football club based in Vienna, Austria. Founded in 1983, the Vikings are known as one of Europe's most dominant clubs, having won the Eurobowl title five times (2004–2007 and 2013), as well being the runner ...
. The city hosted opening round games in the 2011 IFAF World Championship, the official international
American Football American football (referred to simply as football in the United States and Canada), also known as gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end. The offense, the team with ...
championship. In 2018 Innsbruck hosted the IFSC Climbing World Championships 2018 from September 6 to September 16 and the
2018 UCI Road World Championships The 2018 UCI Road World Championships were held in Innsbruck, Austria. It was the 91st UCI Road World Championships and the third to be held in Austria. The World Championships consisted of a total of twelve competitions, one road race, one te ...
from September 22 to September 30.


Language

Innsbruck is part of the
Austro-Bavarian Bavarian (german: Bairisch , Bavarian: ''Boarisch'') or alternately Austro-Bavarian, is a West Germanic language, part of the Upper German family, together with Alemannic and East Franconian. Bavarian is spoken by approximately 12 million peop ...
region of
dialects The term dialect (from Latin , , from the Ancient Greek word , 'discourse', from , 'through' and , 'I speak') can refer to either of two distinctly different types of linguistic phenomena: One usage refers to a variety of a language that is a ...
and, more specifically,
Southern Bavarian Southern Bavarian or South Bavarian, is a cluster of Upper German dialects of the Bavarian group. They are primarily spoken in Tyrol (i.e. the Austrian federal state of Tyrol and the Italian province of South Tyrol), in Carinthia and in the west ...
(''Südbairisch''). Irina Windhaber, professor for linguistics at the Universität Innsbruck, has observed a trend among young people to choose more often Standard German language structures and pronunciation.


Economy and infrastructure

Innsbruck is a substantial tourist centre, with more than a million overnight stays. In Innsbruck, there are 86,186 employees and about 12,038 employers. 7,598 people are self-employed. Nearly 35,000 people commute every day into Innsbruck from the surrounding communities in the area. The unemployment rate for the year 2012 was 4.2%. The national statistics office,
Statistik Austria Statistics Austria, known locally as Statistik Austria, is the official name of Austria's Federal Statistical Office (german: Bundesanstalt Statistik Österreich), the country's agency for collecting and publishing official statistics related to Aus ...
, does not produce economic data for the City of Innsbruck alone, but on aggregate level with the
Innsbruck-Land District The Bezirk Innsbruck-Land is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in Tyrol, Austria. It encloses the Statutarstadt Innsbruck, and borders Bavaria (Germany) in the north, the district Schwaz in the east, South Tyrol in Italy to the south, and th ...
summarized as NUTS 3-region Innsbruck. In 2013, GDP per capita in the NUTS 3-region Innsbruck was €41,400 which is around 60% above the EU average. The headquarters of
Tiroler Wasserkraft Tiroler Wasserkraft AG (TIWAG) is an Austrian company that generates electricity from hydropower based in Innsbruck, Austria. The company mainly produces electricity through hydropower. The company operates several hydropower plants in the Tyr ...
(Tiwag, energy production), Bank für Tirol und Vorarlberg (financial services), Tiroler Versicherung (insurance) and
MED-EL MED-EL is a global medical technology company specializing in hearing implants and devices. They develop and manufacture products including cochlear implants, middle ear implants and bone conduction systems.   MED-EL is a privately owned compa ...
(medical devices) are located in Innsbruck. The headquarters of
Swarovski Swarovski (, ) is an Austrian producer of glass based in Wattens, Austria, and has existed as a family-owned business since its founding in 1895 by Daniel Swarovski. The company is split into three major industry areas: the Swarovski Crystal ...
(glass), Felder Group (mechanical engineering) and Swarco (traffic technology) are located within from the city. Residential property is very expensive by national standards. The average price per square metre in Innsbruck is €4,430 (2015), which is the second highest per square metre price among Austrian cities surpassed only by Salzburg (€4,823), but followed by Vienna (€3,980).


Transport

Innsbruck is located along the A12/A13 highway corridor (
Inn Valley Autobahn The Inn Valley Motorway or Inntal Autobahn A12 is an autobahn in the Austrian federal state of Tyrol and part of Euroroutes E45 and E60. It begins as a continuation of the German Bundesautobahn 93 on the German-Austrian border near Kiefersfel ...
and
Brenner Autobahn The Brenner Autobahn ( it, Autostrada del Brennero or it, AutoBrennero, en, Brenner motorway) refers to a major European truck route that connects Innsbruck in Austria to Verona in northern Italy. Numbered as the A13 in the Austrian section, th ...
respectively), providing freeway access to
Verona Verona ( , ; vec, Verona or ) is a city on the Adige River in Veneto, Northern Italy, Italy, with 258,031 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region. It is the largest city Comune, municipality in the region and the ...
, Italy and Munich, Germany. The A12 and A13 converge near Innsbruck, at which point the A13 terminates. Innsbruck Hauptbahnhof, the most important railway station of Innsbruck and Tyrol, is one of the busiest railway stations in Austria. It is served by the Lower Inn Valley railway, Lower Inn Valley line to Germany and eastern Austria, the Arlberg railway, Arlberg line to the west and the Brenner railway, Brenner line, which connects northern Italy with southern Germany via the Brenner pass. Since December 2007 suburban services have been operated as the Innsbruck S-Bahn. Innsbruck Airport is located in the suburb of Kranebitten, which is located in the west of the city. It provides services to airports including Frankfurt, London, Amsterdam and Vienna. It also handles regional flights around the
Alps The Alps () ; german: Alpen ; it, Alpi ; rm, Alps ; sl, Alpe . are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately across seven Alpine countries (from west to east): France, Sw ...
, as well as seasonal flights to other destinations. During the winter, activity increases significantly, due to the high number of skiers travelling to the region. The airport is approximately from the centre of Innsbruck. Local public transport is provided by Innsbrucker Verkehrsbetriebe (IVB), a public authority operating a network of bus and tram routes. The metre-gauge Trams in Innsbruck, tram network consists of four city lines, 1, 2, 3 and 5, and two lines serving the surrounding area: , the Innsbrucker Mittelgebirgsbahn to Igls, and line ''STB'', the Stubaitalbahn running through the Stubaital, Stubai Valley to Fulpmes. The network is planned to be enlarged during the coming years to reach the neighboring village Rum in the east and Völs, Austria, Völs in the west. Numerous bus lines serve the inner city and connect it with surrounding areas. Until 2007 the bus network included two trolleybus routes, but these were abandoned in preparation for planned expansion of the tram network. In December 2007, the
Hungerburgbahn The Hungerburgbahn is a hybrid funicular railway in Innsbruck, Austria, connecting the city district of Hungerburg with the city centre. The current line opened on 1 December 2007, replacing a previous alignment that operated from 1906 to 2005. ...
, a funicular service to the district of Hungerburg, was reopened after a two-year closure for extensive rebuilding, with partial realignment and a new extension across the Inn River and into central Innsbruck. The line was also equipped with new vehicles. Because of the unique design of the stations, drafted by the famous architect Zaha Hadid, the funicular evolves immediately to a new emblem of the city. The line was rebuilt by the Italian company Leitner, and can now carry up to 1,200 persons per hour. It is operated by a private company, the 'Innsbrucker Nordkettenbahnen'.


Education

Innsbruck is a university city, with several locally based colleges and universities. Innsbruck is home to the oldest grammar school ''(Gymnasium (school), Gymnasium)'' of Western Austria, the "Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck". The school was founded in 1562 by the Jesuit order and was the precursor of the university, founded in 1669. Innsbruck hosts several universities. The most well-known are the University of Innsbruck (Leopold-Franzens-Universität), the Innsbruck Medical University, and the university of applied sciences MCI Management Center Innsbruck.


Organizations

* The international headquarters of SOS Children's Villages, one of the world's largest charities, is located in Innsbruck. * The internationally active NGO Austrian Service Abroad was founded in Innsbruck in 1992 by Andreas Maislinger and Andreas Hörtnagl. Its central office is located at Hutterweg, Innsbruck. * Innsbruck has two university, universities, the Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck and the Innsbruck Medical University. The Innsbruck Medical University has one of Europe's premier skiing, ski injury clinics. * The international headquarters of
MED-EL MED-EL is a global medical technology company specializing in hearing implants and devices. They develop and manufacture products including cochlear implants, middle ear implants and bone conduction systems.   MED-EL is a privately owned compa ...
, one of the largest producers of cochlear implants, is located in Innsbruck. * The Aouda.X space suit simulator is being developed by the OeWF in Innsbruck. Also, the Mission Support Centre for many of the OeWF Mars human analog missions, analogue missions is situated in the city. This MSC used time delayed communication with ''Camp Karl Weyprecht, Weyprecht'' in the desert near Erfoud, Morocco for the MARS2013 expedition during February 2013.


Notable residents


Monarchy & Aristocracy

* Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (1415 – 1493), Holy Roman Emperor from 1452 until his death, the first emperor of the House of Habsburg. * Margaret of Austria, Electress of Saxony (c. 1416–1486), member of the House of Habsburg, was Electress of Saxony 1431-1464 by her marriage with the House of Wettin, Wettin elector Frederick II, Elector of Saxony, Frederick II. She was a sister of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, Emperor Frederick III. * Sigismund, Archduke of Austria (1427–1496), Habsburg archduke of Austria and ruler of Tirol from 1446 to 1490 * Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Gottingen, Elisabeth of Brandenburg (1510 – 1558), princess of the House of Hohenzollern and a Margravine of Brandenburg * Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle (1517–1586), Comte de La Baume Saint Amour, Burgundian statesman, followed his father as a leading minister of the Spanish Habsburgs. * Catherine of Austria, Queen of Poland, Catherine of Austria, Queen of Poland (1533 – 1572), one of the fifteen children of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary * Anna of Tyrol (1585–1618), by birth Archduchess of Austria and member of the Tyrolese branch of the House of Habsburg and by marriage Holy Roman Empress * Archduchess Isabella Clara of Austria (1629–1685), by birth Archduchess of Austria as a member of the Tyrolese branch of the House of Habsburg * Sigismund Francis, Archduke of Austria (1630–1665), ruler of
Further Austria Further Austria, Outer Austria or Anterior Austria (german: Vorderösterreich, formerly ''die Vorlande'' (pl.)) was the collective name for the early (and later) possessions of the House of Habsburg in the former Swabian stem duchy of south-we ...
including Tyrol * Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Tyrol (1632–1649), by birth Archduchess of Austria and member of the Tyrolese branch of the House of Habsburg and by marriage the second spouse of her first cousin, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III * Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Austria (1653–1676), by birth Archduchess of Austria and by marriage Holy Roman Empress and the second wife of Leopold I * Leopold, Duke of Lorraine Leopold (1679 – 1729), surnamed the Good, was Duke of Lorraine and Bar from 1690 * Ignaz Anton von Indermauer (1759–1796), nobleman who was murdered in a peasant revolt * Henry Taaffe, 12th Viscount Taaffe (1872–1928), landowner, held hereditary titles from Austria & Ireland until 1919 when he lost both; son of Eduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount Taaffe. * Prince Johannes Heinrich of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1931 in Innsbruck – 2010), prince of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry


Public Service

* Eusebio Kino (1645 – 1711), Jesuit missionary & explorer of Northwest Mexico & Southwest USA, student and later teacher at Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck. * Josef Speckbacher (1767-1820) a leading figure in the rebellion of the Tyrol against Napoleon * Joseph Hormayr, Baron zu Hortenburg (1781/2–1848) statesman & historian. * Hermann von Gilm (1812–1864) lawyer and poet * Vinzenz Maria Gredler (1823 in Telfs – 1912) a Dominican friar, classicist, philosopher theologian and naturalist * Ignatius Klotz (1843–1911), American farmer and politician in Wisconsin * Oswald Redlich (1858–1944) historian and archivist of auxiliary sciences of history * Heinrich Schenkl (1859–1919) classical philologist, son of Karl Schenkl * Diana Budisavljević (1891–1978), humanitarian who led a major relief effort in Yugoslavia during World War II * Blessed Jakob Gapp (1897-1943) Roman Catholic priest and a Marianists. * Karl Gruber (1909 – 1995) an Austrian politician and diplomat * Reinhold Stecher (1921–2013) prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Bishop of the Diocese of Innsbruck 1980 to 1997. * Professor Dr. Christian Schwarz-Schilling (born 1930 in Innsbruck) a German politician, entrepreneur, philanthropist and media and telecommunications innovator. * Marcello Spatafora (born 1941), Italian diplomat, former Permanent Representative of Italy to the United Nations * Gerhard Pfanzelter (born 1943 in Innsbruck) prominent Austrian diplomat. * Andreas Maislinger (born 1955) Austrian historian and founder of the Austrian Holocaust Memorial Service * Christoph Hofinger (born 1967) researcher and political consultant * Gabriel Kuhn (born 1972), political writer and translator based in Sweden * René Benko (born 1977), real estate investor and founder of Signa Holding


War figures

* Raoul Stojsavljevic (1887 in Innsbruck - 1930) World War I flying ace * Otto Hofmann (1896–1982), SS-Obergruppenführer director of Nazi Germany's "Race and Settlement Main Office", sentenced to 25 years for war crimes in 1948, pardoned 1954 * Robert Bernardis (1908–1944) resistance fighter, part of the attempt to kill Adolf Hitler in the 20 July Plot in 1944. * Anton Malloth (1912 – 2002) a supervisor in the Theresienstadt concentration camp. * Constanze Manziarly (1920-1945) cook/dietitian to Adolf Hitler until his final days in 1945


Arts

* Jacob Regnart (1540s–1599) Flemish Renaissance composer of sacred and secular music * William Young (composer), William Young (died 1662) English viol player and composer of the Baroque era, who worked at the court of Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Austria in Innsbruck * Johann Paul Schor (1615–1674), artist, known in Rome as "Giovanni Paolo Tedesco" * Michael Ignaz Mildorfer (1690–1747), painter, painted primarily religious themed works * Josef Ignaz Mildorfer (1719–1775), painter of frescoes * Franz Edmund Weirotter (1733–1771), painter, draughtsman and etcher primarily of landscapes and maritime scenes * Georg Mader (1824 – 1881) an Austrian painter. * Edgar Meyer (painter), Edgar Meyer (1853–1925), painter, built himself a castle and engaged in politics * Karl Schönherr (1867 - 1943) Austrian writer of Austrian Heimat themes. * Mimi Gstöttner-Auer (1886–1977) Austrian stage and film actress * Clemens Holzmeister (1886–1983), architect and stage designer * Erwin Faber (1891–1989), leading actor in Munich and Germany, in the late-1970s he performed at the Residenz Theatre * Igo Sym (1896–1941), Austrian-born Polish actor and collaborator with Nazi Germany * Carl-Heinz Schroth (1902–1989), actor and film director, appeared in 60 films * Heinrich C. Berann (1915–1999) father of the modern panorama map, born into a family of painters and sculptors * Peter Demant (1918 in Innsbruck – 2006) a Russian writer and public figure. * Judith Holzmeister (1920–2008) actress, married to the actor Curd Jürgens 1947–1955 * Otmar Suitner (1922–2010) conductor who spent most of his professional career in East Germany, Principal Conductor of the Staatskapelle Dresden from 1960 to 1964 * Dietmar Schönherr (1926–2014) an Austrian film actor * Ilse von Alpenheim (born 1927) pianist * William Berger (actor), William Berger (born 1928 in Innsbruck - 1993) was an Austrian American actor * Erich Urbanner (born 1936 in Innsbruck) Austrian composer and teacher. * Peter Noever (born 1941 in Innsbruck) designer and curator–at–large of art and architecture * Christian Berger (born 1945) Austrian cinematographer * Radu Malfatti (born 1946), trombone player and composer * Helga Anders (1948 – 1986) Austrian television actress * Reed Gratz (born 1950), Jazz pianist/composer, Professor at University of Innsbruc

* Gabriele Sima (1955–2016), opera singer * Norbert Pümpel (born 1956 Innsbruck) a visual artist. * Gabriele Fontana (born 1958 Innsbruck) an Austrian operatic soprano. * Thomas Larcher (born 1963 in Innsbruck) an Austrian composer and pianist. * Armin Wolf (born 1966), journalist and television anchor * Eva Lind (born 1966), operatic soprano * Aleksandar Marković (born 1975) Serbian, principal conductor of Tyrolean Opera House * Alice Tumler (born 1978), television presenter * Georg Neuhauser (born 1982), singer in Serenity (band) * Manu Delago (born 1984), Hang (instrument), Hang player, percussionist and composer based in London * Amira El Sayed (born Innsbruck 1991) an Egyptian-Austrian actress and author * Nathan Trent (born 1992) singer for Austria in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 * Victoria Swarovski (born Innsbruck 1994), singer, TV Presenter ''Let's Dance Germany'', Billionaire Heiress of the
Swarovski Swarovski (, ) is an Austrian producer of glass based in Wattens, Austria, and has existed as a family-owned business since its founding in 1895 by Daniel Swarovski. The company is split into three major industry areas: the Swarovski Crystal ...
empire


Science

* Adam Tanner (mathematician), Adam Tanner (1572–1632) Jesuit professor of maths and philosophy, eponym of the moon crater Tannerus * Ferdinand Johann Adam von Pernau, Count of Rosenau (1660–1731) Austrian ornithologist * Johann Nepomuk von Laicharting (1754–1797), entomologist and Professor of Natural Science * Wilibald Swibert Joseph Gottlieb von Besser (1784–1842), Austrian-born botanist who mainly worked in western Ukraine * Philipp Sarlay (1826 - 1908) principal of telegraph office, technological and scientific pioneer * Leopold Pfaundler (1839–1920), physicist and chemist, wrote the kinetic theory of gases * Georg Luger (1849 – 1923) an Austrian designer of the famous Luger pistol * Erwin Payr (1871–1946), surgeon, eponymn of Splenic-flexure syndrome or "Payr's disease" * Meinhard von Pfaundler (1872–1947), pediatrician, interest in the Diathesis–stress model, diathetic aspects of disease * Arnold Durig (1872 – 1961) Austrian physiologist, investigated organisms at high altitude * Otto E. Neugebauer (1899–1990) Austrian-American mathematician and historian of science * Bruno de Finetti (1906–1985), Italian List of mathematical probabilists, probabilist, statistician and actuary, noted for the conception of probability * Meinhard Michael Moser (1924–2002) mycologist of the taxonomy, chemistry and toxicity of the Lamella (mycology), gilled mushrooms * Klaus Riedle (born 1941 in Innsbruck) German power engineering scientist, contributed to the development of more efficient gas turbines for power generation * Prof. Herbert Lochs (1946 – 2015) prominent German/Austrian medical doctor and scientist * Peter Zoller (born Innsbruck 1952) theoretical physicist and Professor at the University of Innsbruck * Wolfgang Scheffler (inventor), Wolfgang Scheffler (born 1956), inventor/promoter of large, flexible, parabolic reflecting dishes that concentrate sunlight for cooking and in the world's first solar-powered crematorium * Christian Spielmann (born 1963), physicist and a professor at the University of Jena


Sport

* Hady Pfeiffer (1906–2002), Austrian/German alpine skier, competed 1936 Winter Olympics * Roderich Menzel (1907–1987), amateur tennis player and, after his active career, an author * Lotte Scheimpflug (1908–?), Austrian/Italian luger, competed 1920s to the 1950s * Gustav Lantschner (1910–2011), alpine skier & actor, competed 1936 Winter Olympics * Erich Eliskases (1913–1997), chess grandmaster of the 1930s and 1940s, represented Austria, Germany and Argentina * Hermann Buhl (1924–1957) mountaineer, considered one of the best climbers of all time * Egon Schöpf (born 1925) alpine skier, competed in the 1948 Winter Olympics, 1948 and 1952 Winter Olympics * Dagmar Rom (born 1928) a former alpine ski racer, won two gold medals at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1950, 1950 World Championships * Walter Steinegger (born 1928) former ski jumper who competed in the 1952 Winter Olympics * Fritz Dinkhauser (born 1940) hammer thrower and bobsleigher at the 1968 Winter Olympics * Gert Elsässer (born 1949), skeleton racer who competed in the early 1980s * Franz Marx (born 1963), sport wrestler, qualified for the Summer Olympic Games in Barcelona * Markus Prock (born 1964), luger who competed between 1983 and 2002 * Barbara Schett (born 1976) Austrian tennis player and sportscaster * Fritz Dopfer (born 1987) World Cup alpine ski racer, specializing in the giant slalom and slalom * David Lama (1990–2019) Rock climber and mountaineer. * René Binder (born 1992), racing driver * Susanna Kurzthaler (born 1995), biathlete * Vanessa Herzog (born 1995), speed skater * Gregor Schlierenzauer (born Innsbruck 1994), Ski jumper, all time leader in the number of World Cup victories


International relations


Twin towns and sister cities

* Freiburg im Breisgau in Baden-Württemberg, Germany ''(since 1963)'' * Grenoble in Isère, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France ''(since 1963)'' * Sarajevo in Bosnia and Herzegovina ''(since 1980)'' * Aalborg in Denmark ''(since 1982)'' * Tbilisi in Georgia (country), Georgia ''(since 1982)'' * Ōmachi, Nagano, Ōmachi in Japan, ''(since 1985)'' * New Orleans, Louisiana, United States ''(since 1995)''


Partnerships

* Kraków in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland ''(since 1998)''


Austrian Service Abroad

The Austrian Service Abroad is a NGO, which provides positions for an alternative Austrian national service at 85 organizations in 35 countries worldwide in the sectors Austrian Holocaust Memorial Service, Holocaust Memorial Service, Austrian Social Service, Social Service and Austrian Peace Service, Peace Service. It was founded by Andreas Maislinger and Andreas Hörtnagl in 1998 and is based in Innsbruck.


See also

*
Tyrol Tyrol (; historically the Tyrole; de-AT, Tirol ; it, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps - in Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County of Tyrol, part of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Emp ...
*History of the Jews in Innsbruck *Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen *Internationales Studentenhaus Innsbruck *Trams in Innsbruck, Innsbruck Tramway *Music of Innsbruck *Lohbach (Inn)


References

;Citations ;Bibliography * * * * * *


Further reading

;Published in the 19th century * ;Published in the 20th century * * *


External links


Innsbruck.at
– official site
Innsbruck.info
– Tourist Board
tirolerabend.info
– Tyrolean Evening Shows in Innsbruck
IVB
– Public Transport Official Site
Innsbruck Photos 2008Collection of photograph of Hafelekar mountain above Innsbruckwww.provinnsbruck.at
– Community blog
www.all-inn.at
– Innsbruck Stadtguide {{Authority control Innsbruck, Austrian state capitals Cities and towns in Tyrol (state) Districts of Tyrol (state) Populated places on the Inn (river)