Ildulb mac Causantín,

anglicised Anglicisation is the process by which a place or person becomes influenced by English culture or British culture, or a process of cultural and/or linguistic change in which something non-English becomes English. It can also refer to the influen ...

as Indulf or Indulph, nicknamed An Ionsaighthigh, "the Aggressor" (died 962) was

king of Alba The monarch of Scotland was the head of state of the Kingdom of Scotland. According to tradition, the first King of Scots was Kenneth I MacAlpin (), who founded the state in 843. Historically, the Kingdom of Scotland is thought to have grown ...

from 954 to 962. He was the son of Constantine II; his mother may have been a daughter of Earl

Eadulf I of Bernicia Eadwulf or Eadulf (died 913) was ruler of Bamburgh in the early tenth century. A genealogy in the twelfth-century text ''De Northumbria post Britannos'' recording the ancestry of Waltheof Earl of Northampton (and, briefly, Northumbria), makes Eadw ...

, who was an exile in Scotland. John of Fordun and others supposed that Indulf had been

king of Strathclyde The list of the kings of Strathclyde concerns the kings of Alt Clut, later Strathclyde, a Brythonic kingdom in what is now western Scotland. The kingdom was ruled from Dumbarton Rock, ''Alt Clut'', the Brythonic name of the rock, until around ...

in the reign of his predecessor, based on their understanding that the

kingdom of Strathclyde Strathclyde (lit. " Strath of the River Clyde", and Strað-Clota in Old English), was a Brittonic successor state of the Roman Empire and one of the early medieval kingdoms of the Britons, located in the region the Welsh tribes referred to as ...

had become a part of the kingdom of Alba in the 940s. This, however, is no longer accepted. The

Chronicle of the Kings of Alba The ''Chronicle of the Kings of Alba'', or ''Scottish Chronicle'', is a short written chronicle of the Kings of Alba, covering the period from the time of Kenneth MacAlpin (Cináed mac Ailpín) (d. 858) until the reign of Kenneth II (Cináed mac ...

says: "In his time ''oppidum Eden''", usually identified as Edinburgh, "was evacuated, and abandoned to the Scots until the present day." This has been read as indicating that Lothian, or some large part of it, fell to Indulf at this time. However, the conquest of Lothian is likely to have been a process rather than a single event, and the frontier between the lands of the kings of Alba and

Bernicia Bernicia ( ang, Bernice, Bryneich, Beornice; la, Bernicia) was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom established by Anglian settlers of the 6th century in what is now southeastern Scotland and North East England. The Anglian territory of Bernicia was appr ...

may have lain south and east of Edinburgh many years before Indulf's reign. Indulf's death is reported by the

Chronicon Scotorum ''Chronicon Scotorum'', also known as ''Chronicum Scotorum'', is a medieval Irish chronicle. Overview According to Nollaig Ó Muraíle, it is "a collection of annals belonging to the ' Clonmacnoise group', covering the period from prehistoric ti ...

in 962, the

adding that he was killed fighting Vikings near Cullen, at the Battle of Bauds. The Prophecy of Berchán, however, claims that he died "in the house of the same holy apostle, where his father ied, that is at the

céli dé The Culdees ( ga, Céilí Dé, "Spouses of God") were members of ascetic Christian monastic and eremitical communities of Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England in the Middle Ages. Appearing first in Ireland and subsequently in Scotland, att ...

monastery of St Andrews. He was buried on

Iona Iona (; gd, Ì Chaluim Chille (IPA: �iːˈxaɫ̪ɯimˈçiʎə, sometimes simply ''Ì''; sco, Iona) is a small island in the Inner Hebrides, off the Ross of Mull on the western coast of Scotland. It is mainly known for Iona Abbey, though ther ...

.''Early Sources'', pp. 468–471; Duncan, p. 20 follows the Chronicle. Indulf was succeeded by Dub (Dub mac Maíl Coluim), son of his predecessor. His sons Cuilén and Amlaíb were later kings. Eochaid, a third son, was killed with Cuilén by the men of Strathclyde in 971.

Notes

References

* Anderson, Alan Orr, ''Early Sources of Scottish History AD 500–1286'', volume 1. Reprinted with corrections. Paul Watkins, Stamford, 1990. * Duncan, A.A.M., ''The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence.'' Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2002. * Smyth, Alfred P. ''Warlords and Holy Men: Scotland AD 80-1000.'' Reprinted, Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 1998. * Walker, Ian W., ''Lords of Alba: The Making of Scotland.'' Sutton, Stroud, 2006.

External links

CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts
at University College Cork includes the ''Annals of Ulster'', ''Tigernach'', ''the Four Masters'' and ''Innisfallen'', the ''Chronicon Scotorum'', the ''Lebor Bretnach'' (which includes the ''Duan Albanach''), Genealogies, and various Saints' Lives. Most are translated into English, or translations are in progress.
(CKA) The Chronicle of the Kings of Alba
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Indulf Of Scotland 962 deaths Monarchs killed in action Scottish pre-union military personnel killed in action House of Alpin Burials in Iona Year of birth unknown 10th-century Scottish monarchs Gaels