Index of Ottoman Empire-related articles
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Ottoman Empire: The
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
was a Muslim empire that lasted from c. 1299 to 1922. It was also known by its European contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey after the principal ethnic group. At its zenith from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries it controlled Southeast Europe, Southwest Asia and North Africa.


General history


Main periods

*
Rise of the Ottoman Empire The rise of the Ottoman Empire is a period of history that started with the emergence of the Ottoman principality (Osmanlı Beyliği) in , and ended circa 1453. This period witnessed the foundation of a political entity ruled by the Ottoman D ...
*
Classical Age of the Ottoman Empire The Classical Age of the Ottoman Empire ( tr, Klasik Çağ) concerns the history of the Ottoman Empire from the Conquest of Constantinople in 1453 until the second half of the sixteenth century, roughly the end of the reign of Suleiman the Magnif ...
* Transformation of the Ottoman Empire * Territorial evolution of the Ottoman Empire * Ottoman ancien régime *
Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire In the late eighteenth century, the Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Old Regime) faced numerous enemies. In response to these threats, the empire initiated a period of internal reform which came to be known as the Tanzimat, which succeeded in significan ...
*
Defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire The dissolution of the Ottoman Empire (1908–1922) began with the Young Turk Revolution which restored the constitution of 1876 and brought in multi-party politics with a two-stage electoral system for the Ottoman parliament. At the same ti ...
*
Partition Partition may refer to: Computing Hardware * Disk partitioning, the division of a hard disk drive * Memory partition, a subdivision of a computer's memory, usually for use by a single job Software * Partition (database), the division of a ...


Subperiods

*
Ottoman Interregnum The Ottoman Interregnum, or the Ottoman Civil War ( 20 July 1402 – 5 July 1413; tr, Fetret Devri, , Interregnum Period), was a civil war in the Ottoman Empire between the sons of Sultan Bayezid I following the defeat of their father at the ...
* Sultanate of Women *
Köprülü era The Köprülü era ( tr, Köprülüler Devri) (c. 1656–1703) was a period in which the Ottoman Empire's politics were frequently dominated by a series of grand viziers from the Köprülü family. The Köprülü era is sometimes more narrowl ...
*
Tulip period The Tulip Period, or Tulip Era (Ottoman Turkish: لاله دورى, tr, Lâle Devri), is a period in Ottoman history from the Treaty of Passarowitz on 21 July 1718 to the Patrona Halil Revolt on 28 September 1730. This was a relatively peacef ...
* Tanzimat era * 1st Constitutional Era * 2nd Constitutional Era


Historiography

*
Ottoman Decline Thesis The Ottoman decline thesis or Ottoman decline paradigm ( tr, Osmanlı Gerileme Tezi) is an obsolete * * * * * Leslie Peirce, "Changing Perceptions of the Ottoman Empire: the Early Centuries," ''Mediterranean Historical Review'' 19/1 (20 ...
* Ghaza thesis * Renegade thesis * Historiography of the fall of the Ottoman Empire


Structure of the Ottoman Empire

* Economic history of the Ottoman Empire *
State organization of the Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire developed over the years as a despotism with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were j ...
* Social structure in the Ottoman Empire *
Culture of the Ottoman Empire Ottomans culture evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the various native cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was influence from the customs and languages of Islami ...
* Science and technology in the Ottoman Empire *
Ottoman Turkish language Ottoman Turkish ( ota, لِسانِ عُثمانى, Lisân-ı Osmânî, ; tr, Osmanlı Türkçesi) was the standardized register of the Turkish language used by the citizens of the Ottoman Empire (14th to 20th centuries CE). It borrowed exten ...
* Demographics of the Ottoman Empire * Religion in the Ottoman Empire * Socioeconomics of the Ottoman enlargement era *
Millet system In the Ottoman Empire, a millet (; ar, مِلَّة) was an independent court of law pertaining to "personal law" under which a confessional community (a group abiding by the laws of Muslim Sharia, Christian Canon law, or Jewish Halakha) was ...
* Ottoman Law * Porte *
Tughra A tughra ( ota, طغرا, ṭuġrā) is a calligraphic monogram, seal or signature of a sultan that was affixed to all official documents and correspondence. Inspired by the tamgha, it was also carved on his seal and stamped on the coins minted ...
* Line of succession to the Ottoman throne *
Military of the Ottoman Empire The military of the Ottoman Empire ( tr, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun silahlı kuvvetleri) was the armed forces of the Ottoman Empire. Army The military of the Ottoman Empire can be divided in five main periods. The foundation era covers the ...
* Enderun *
Janissary A Janissary ( ota, یڭیچری, yeŋiçeri, , ) was a member of the elite infantry units that formed the Ottoman Sultan's household troops and the first modern standing army in Europe. The corps was most likely established under sultan Orhan ...
*
Sipahi ''Sipahi'' ( ota, سپاهی, translit=sipâhi, label=Persian, ) were professional cavalrymen deployed by the Seljuks, and later the Ottoman Empire, including the land grant-holding (''timar'') provincial '' timarli sipahi'', which constituted ...
* Cebeci *
Nizam-ı Cedid Army The Nizam-ı Cedid Army refers to the new military establishment of the Nizam-ı Cedid reform program. The Nizam-i Cedid army was largely a failure in its own time, but proved to be a much more effective infantry force than the Janissaries. Aft ...
*
Timar A timar was a land grant by the sultans of the Ottoman Empire between the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries, with an annual tax revenue of less than 20,000 akçes. The revenues produced from the land acted as compensation for military service ...
* Nöker * Ikta * Eyalet * Vilayets of the Ottoman Empire *
Sanjak Sanjaks (liwāʾ) (plural form: alwiyāʾ) * Armenian: նահանգ (''nahang''; meaning "province") * Bulgarian: окръг (''okrǔg''; meaning "county", "province", or "region") * el, Διοίκησις (''dioikēsis'', meaning "province" ...
* Ağalık * Kadılık *
Salname A salname (also called ''nevsal'') was an official annal of the Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōman ...


Titles and posts

* Sultan * Grand vizier *
Vizier A vizier (; ar, وزير, wazīr; fa, وزیر, vazīr), or wazir, is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the near east. The Abbasid caliphs gave the title ''wazir'' to a minister formerly called '' katib'' (secretary), who was ...
* Beylerbey *
Pasha Pasha, Pacha or Paşa ( ota, پاشا; tr, paşa; sq, Pashë; ar, باشا), in older works sometimes anglicized as bashaw, was a higher rank in the Ottoman political and military system, typically granted to governors, generals, dignitar ...
*
Kazasker A kazasker or kadıasker ( ota, قاضی عسكر, ''ḳāḍī'asker'', "military judge") was a chief judge in the Ottoman Empire, so named originally because his jurisdiction extended to the cases of soldiers, who were later tried only by their ...
* Nisanci *
Defterdar This is a list of the top officials in charge of the finances of the Ottoman Empire, called ( Turkish for bookkeepers; from the Persian , + ) between the 14th and 19th centuries and ''Maliye Naziri'' (Minister of Finance) between 19th and 20th ...
* Reisülküttap *
Lala Lala may refer to: Geography * Lala language (disambiguation) Places * Lala (Naples Metro), an underground metro station in Naples, Italy * Lala, Assam, a town in Assam, India * Lala, Ilam, a village in Ilam Province, Iran * Lala, Lanao del ...
* Aga * Sanjak bey


History of Ottoman-ruled countries

*
Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also or . officially the Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea and shares ...
*
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
*
Armenia Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ' ...
*
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...
*
Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedo ...
*
Cyprus Cyprus ; tr, Kıbrıs (), officially the Republic of Cyprus,, , lit: Republic of Cyprus is an island country located south of the Anatolian Peninsula in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Its continental position is disputed; while it is ge ...
*
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...
* Eritrea *
Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders ...
*
Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...
*
Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...
*
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...
*
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
*
Jordan Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...
*
Kosovo Kosovo ( sq, Kosova or ; sr-Cyrl, Косово ), officially the Republic of Kosovo ( sq, Republika e Kosovës, links=no; sr, Република Косово, Republika Kosovo, links=no), is a partially recognised state in Southeast Euro ...
*
Libya Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Suda ...
* Macedonia *
Montenegro ) , image_map = Europe-Montenegro.svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Podgorica , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = M ...
* Palestine (Including Israel (q.v.)) *
Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin and the Balkans. It shares land borders with Hungar ...
* Syria * Sudan *
Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ...
*
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
*
Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...


Ottoman Dynasty


The sultans

, *
Osman I Osman I or Osman Ghazi ( ota, عثمان غازى, translit= ʿOsmān Ġāzī; tr, I. Osman or ''Osman Gazi''; died 1323/4), sometimes transliterated archaically as Othman, was the founder of the Ottoman Empire (first known as the Ottoman Bey ...
*
Orhan Orhan Ghazi ( ota, اورخان غازی; tr, Orhan Gazi, also spelled Orkhan, 1281 – March 1362) was the second bey of the Ottoman Beylik from 1323/4 to 1362. He was born in Söğüt, as the son of Osman I. In the early stages of hi ...
(''Gazi'') *
Murad I Murad I ( ota, مراد اول; tr, I. Murad, Murad-ı Hüdavendigâr (nicknamed ''Hüdavendigâr'', from fa, خداوندگار, translit=Khodāvandgār, lit=the devotee of God – meaning "sovereign" in this context); 29 June 1326 – 15 Jun ...
(''Hüdavendigar'') *
Beyazid I Bayezid I ( ota, بايزيد اول, tr, I. Bayezid), also known as Bayezid the Thunderbolt ( ota, link=no, یلدیرم بايزيد, tr, Yıldırım Bayezid, link=no; – 8 March 1403) was the Ottoman Sultan from 1389 to 1402. He adopted t ...
(''Yıldırım'') *
Mehmed I Mehmed I ( 1386 – 26 May 1421), also known as Mehmed Çelebi ( ota, چلبی محمد, "the noble-born") or Kirişçi ( el, Κυριτζής, Kyritzis, "lord's son"), was the Ottoman sultan from 1413 to 1421. The fourth son of Sultan Bayezid ...
(''Çelebi'') *
Murad II Murad II ( ota, مراد ثانى, Murād-ı sānī, tr, II. Murad, 16 June 1404 – 3 February 1451) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1444 and again from 1446 to 1451. Murad II's reign was a period of important economic deve ...
* Mehmed II (''Fatih'') * Bayezid II (''Veli'') *
Selim I Selim I ( ota, سليم الأول; tr, I. Selim; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute ( tr, links=no, Yavuz Sultan Selim), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. Despite las ...
(''Yavuz'') * Suleiman I (''Kanuni'') * Selim II (''Sarı'') * Murad III *
Mehmed III Mehmed III (, ''Meḥmed-i sālis''; tr, III. Mehmed; 26 May 1566 – 22 December 1603) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1595 until his death in 1603. Mehmed was known for ordering the execution of his brothers and leading the army in the L ...
* Ahmed I * Mustafa I *
Osman II Osman II ( ota, عثمان ثانى ''‘Osmān-i sānī''; tr, II. Osman; 3 November 1604 – 20 May 1622), also known as Osman the Young ( tr, Genç Osman), was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 26 February 1618 until his regicide on 20 May 162 ...
(''Genç'') *
Murad IV Murad IV ( ota, مراد رابع, ''Murād-ı Rābiʿ''; tr, IV. Murad, was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1623 to 1640, known both for restoring the authority of the state and for the brutality of his methods. Murad IV was born in Cons ...
* İbrahim (''Deli'') , *
Mehmed IV Mehmed IV ( ota, محمد رابع, Meḥmed-i rābi; tr, IV. Mehmed; 2 January 1642 – 6 January 1693) also known as Mehmed the Hunter ( tr, Avcı Mehmed) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1648 to 1687. He came to the throne at the a ...
(''Avcı'') * Suleiman II *
Ahmed II Ahmad ( ar, أحمد, ʾAḥmad) is an Arabic male given name common in most parts of the Muslim world. Other spellings of the name include Ahmed and Ahmet. Etymology The word derives from the root (ḥ-m-d), from the Arabic (), from the ve ...
* Mustafa II * Ahmed III * Mahmud I *
Osman III Osman III ( ota, عثمان ثالث ''Osmān-i sālis'';‎ 2 January 1699 – 30 October 1757) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1754 to 1757. Early life Osman III was born on 2 January 1699 in the Edirne Palace. His father was Must ...
* Mustafa III * Abdulhamid I * Selim III *
Mustafa IV Mustafa IV (; ota, مصطفى رابع, translit=Muṣṭafâ-yi râbiʿ; 8 September 1779 – 16 November 1808) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1807 to 1808. Early life Mustafa IV was born on 8 September 1779 in Constantinople. He ...
*
Mahmud II Mahmud II ( ota, محمود ثانى, Maḥmûd-u s̠ânî, tr, II. Mahmud; 20 July 1785 – 1 July 1839) was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839. His reign is recognized for the extensive administrative, ...
*
Abdülmecid ʻAbd al-Majīd (ALA-LC romanization of ar, عبد المجيد) is a Muslim male given name and, in modern usage, surname. It is built from the Arabic words '' ʻabd'' and ''al-Majīd'', one of the names of God in the Qur'an, which give rise to th ...
* Abdulaziz *
Murad V Murad V ( ota, مراد خامس, translit=Murâd-ı ḫâmis; tr, V. Murad; 21 September 1840 – 29 August 1904) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire who reigned from 30 May to 31 August 1876. The son of Abdulmejid I, he supported the ...
*
Abdulhamid II Abdülhamid or Abdul Hamid II ( ota, عبد الحميد ثانی, Abd ül-Hamid-i Sani; tr, II. Abdülhamid; 21 September 1842 10 February 1918) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 31 August 1876 to 27 April 1909, and the last sultan to ...
*
Mehmed V Mehmed V Reşâd ( ota, محمد خامس, Meḥmed-i ḫâmis; tr, V. Mehmed or ; 2 November 1844 – 3 July 1918) reigned as the 35th and penultimate Ottoman Sultan (). He was the son of Sultan Abdulmejid I. He succeeded his half-brother ...
* Mehmed VI


Some male members of the Ottoman house

*
Alaeddin Pasha Alaeddin Pasha, or Alaeddin Bey (''Alâeddin Paşa''; Söğüt, – Bursa, 1331), was the brother of Orhan I, who succeeded their father, Osman I, in the leadership of the Ottoman Empire. His mother was a Turkish woman named Rabia Bala Hatun. It ...
* Süleyman Pasha * Şehzade Halil * Savcı Bey *
Süleyman Çelebi Süleyman Çelebi (also Emir Süleyman; d. 17 February 1411) was an Ottoman prince () and a co-ruler of the Ottoman Empire for several years during the Ottoman Interregnum. There is a tradition of western origin, according to which Suleiman th ...
* İsa Çelebi *
Musa Çelebi Musa Çelebi (died 5 July 1413) was an Ottoman prince ( tr, şehzade) and a co-ruler of the empire for three years during the Ottoman Interregnum. Background Musa was one of the sons of Bayezid I, the fourth Ottoman sultan.Kastritsis, Dimi ...
*
Mustafa Çelebi Mustafa Çelebi (d. May 1422), also called Mustafa the Impostor ( tr, Düzmece Mustafa or ''Düzme Mustafa''), was an Ottoman prince who struggled to gain the throne of the Ottoman Empire in the early 15th century. He was the Sultan of Rumelia ...
*
Küçük Mustafa Küçük Mustafa ("Mustafa the Small" or "Mustafa the Little" or "Mustafa the Young"; 1409 – 1422) was an Ottoman prince ( tr, şehzade) who fought to gain control of the throne of the Ottoman Empire in 1422. It was used by the Ottoman chro ...
* Cem Sultan *
Şehzade Ahmet ota, شہزادہ احمد , house = Ottoman , house-type = Dynasty , father = Bayezid II , mother = Bülbül Hatun , birth_date = , birth_place = Amasya, Ottoman Empire , death_date = , death_place = Ye ...
* Şehzade Korkut *
Şehzade Mustafa Şehzade Mustafa (Ottoman Turkish: شهزاده مصطفى; 6 August 1515 – 6 October 1553) was an Ottoman prince and the son of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and his consort Mahidevran Sultan. He was the prince-governor of Manisa from 15 ...
*
Şehzade Bayezid Şehzade Bayezid ( ota, شهزاده بايزيد; 1525 – 25 September 1561) was an Ottoman prince as the son of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and Hurrem Sultan. After the execution of Şehzade Mustafa (who had been the heir apparent to t ...
* Yusuf Izzettin Efendi *
Abdülmecid II Abdulmejid II ( ota, عبد المجید ثانی, ʿAbdü'l-Mecîd-i sânî, tr, II. Abdülmecid, 29 May 1868 – 23 August 1944) was the last Caliph of the Ottoman Dynasty, the only Caliph of the Republic of Turkey, and nominally the 37 ...


Mothers and other women assumed the title Valide Sultan

*
Malhun Hatun Malhun Hatun (also called Mal Hatun; d. 1326) was the wife of Osman I, the leader of the Ottoman Turks and the founder of the dynasty that established and ruled the Ottoman Empire. She was the mother of Sultan Orhan. Biography According to so ...
*
Nilüfer Hatun Nilüfer Hatun ( ota, نیلوفر خاتون, birth name Holifere ''(Holophira)'' / Olivera,. other names ''Bayalun, Beylun, Beyalun, Bilun, Suyun, Suylun'') was a Valide Hatun; the wife of Orhan, the second Ottoman sultan. She was mother of th ...
*
Gülçiçek Hatun Gülçiçek Hatun ( ota, كلچیچك خاتون; el, Γκιουλτσιτσέκ Χατούν, ''Gülçiçek'' = "rose blossom"; originally named ''Μαρία,'' ''Maria'') was a Greek woman from Bithynia who became the first wife of Ottoman Su ...
*
Devlet Hatun Devlet Hatun ( ota, دولت خاتون; 1361 – 23 January 1414) was the wife of Sultan Bayezid I, and the mother of Mehmed I of the Ottoman Empire. Biography Devlet Hatun was the twelfth and last wife of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I and the mo ...
*
Emine Hatun Emine Hatun ( ota, امینہ خاتون) was a consort of Sultan Mehmed I of the Ottoman Empire. Early life Emine Hatun was born as a Dulkadirid princess, the daughter of Șaban Suli Bey, third ruler of the Beylik of Dulkadir (reign 1386– ...
*
Hüma Hatun Hüma Hatun ( ota, هما خاتون, 1410 ‒ September 1449) was the fourth wife of Ottoman Sultan Murad II and mother of Mehmed II. Life Although, some Turkish sources claim that she was of Turkish origin, Hüma Hatun was a slave girl, wh ...
*
Gülbahar Hatun Gülbahar is a Turkish given name for females and may refer to: * Gülbahar Hatun, consort of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II, and Valide Sultan as the mother of Sultan Bayezid II * Gülbahar Hatun, consort of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II and the mother of ...
* Sittişah Hatun *
Gülbahar Hatun Gülbahar is a Turkish given name for females and may refer to: * Gülbahar Hatun, consort of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II, and Valide Sultan as the mother of Sultan Bayezid II * Gülbahar Hatun, consort of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II and the mother of ...
* Hafsa Sultan *
Hürrem Sultan Hurrem Sultan (, ota, خُرّم سلطان, translit=Ḫurrem Sulṭān, tr, Hürrem Sultan, label=Modern Turkish; 1500 – 15 April 1558), also known as Roxelana ( uk, Роксолана}; ), was the chief consort and legal wife of the Ottoma ...
*
Nurbanu Sultan Nurbanu Sultan ( ota, نور بانو سلطان; "''Queen of light''", 1525 – 7 December 1583) was Haseki Sultan of the Ottoman Empire as the principal consort of Sultan Selim II (reign 1566–1574), his legal wife, as well Valide Sultan (Su ...
* Safiye Sultan *
Handan Sultan Handan Sultan ( ota, خندان سلطان meaning "smiling" in Persian; died 9 November 1605) was a consort of Sultan Mehmed III, and Valide Sultan to their son Sultan Ahmed I. Early life Of Bosnian origin, Handan Sultan was a servant in th ...
*
Halime Sultan Halime Sultan ( ota, حلیمه سلطان, "''the gentle one''" or "''the patient one''") was a consort of Sultan Mehmed III, and the mother of Sultan Mustafa I. The first woman to be Valide Sultan twice and the only to be Valide twice of a sa ...
*
Mahfiruz Hatun ota, ماہ فروز خاتون , spouse = Ahmed I , issue = Osman II , predecessor = , successor = , birth_date = 1590 , birth_place = , death_date = Before 1618 , death_place = Topkapı Palace, Istanbul, Ott ...
*
Kösem Sultan Kösem Sultan ( ota, كوسم سلطان, translit=;, 1589Baysun, M. Cavid, s.v. "Kösem Walide or Kösem Sultan" in ''The Encyclopaedia of Islam'' vol. V (1986), Brill, p. 272 " – 2 September 1651), also known as Mahpeyker SultanDouglas Arth ...
*
Turhan Sultan Turhan Hatice Sultan ( ota, تورخان سلطان, "''nobility of the Khan''" or ''mercy of the Khan'' " and "''respecful lady''"; 1627 – 4 August 1683) was the first Haseki Sultan of the Ottoman Sultan Ibrahim (reign 1640–48) and V ...
* Aşub Sultan * Muazzez Sultan *
Gülnuş Sultan Emetullah Rabia Gülnuş Sultan ( ota, جولنوس امت الله رابعه سلطان; "''Servant of Allah''", "''spring''" and "''Essence of rose''", 1642 – 6 November 1715, Edirne) was the Haseki Sultan of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed IV and Val ...
* Saliha Sultan *
Şehsuvar Sultan ota, شھسوار سلطان , birth_name = , birth_date = 1682 , birth_place = , death_date = , death_place = Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (modern-day Istanbul, Turkey) , spouse = Mustafa II , issue = O ...
*
Mihrişah Kadın Mihrişah may refer to: * Emine Mihrişah Kadın (d. 1732), consort of Ottoman Sultan Ahmed III, and the mother of Mustafa III * Mihrişah Sultan (1745-1805), consort of Ottoman Sultan Mustafa III, and the mother and Valide Sultan of Ottoman Sul ...
*
Şermi Kadın Şermi Kadın (; ota, رابعہ شرمی قادین; died; 1732;) was a consort of Sultan Ahmed III and the mother of Sultan Abdul Hamid I. Life Her birthplace and date are unknown. On 20 March 1725 she gave birth to her only son Şehzade Abdu ...
* Mihrişah Sultan * Sineperver Sultan *
Nakşidil Sultan ota, نقش دل سلطان , birth_name = , birth_date = 1761 , birth_place = Georgia , death_date = 28 July 1817 (aged 55-56) (Even though her date date was given as August 22nd 1817 in some sources, this information is incorrect, ...
*
Bezmiâlem Sultan ota, بزم عالم سلطان , birth_name = , birth_date = 1807 , birth_place = Georgia , death_date = , death_place = Beşiktaş Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (present day Istanbul, Turkey) , burial_place = Mahmud II ...
*
Pertevniyal Sultan ota, پرتو نهال سلطان , birth_name = , birth_date = 1810 ¿Romania, Circassia or Kurdistan? , birth_place = , death_date = , death_place = Ortaköy Palace, Ortaköy, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (present day Istanbu ...
* Şevkefza Sultan *
Tirimüjgan Kadın ota, تیر مژکان قادین , birth_name = , birth_date = 16 October 1819 , birth_place = Circassia , death_date = , death_place = Feriye Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (present day Istanbul, Turkey) , burial_place ...
* Gülcemal Kadın * Perestu Kadın * Gülüstü Hanım


Some female members of the Ottoman house

*
Hatice Sultan (daughter of Selim I) Hatice Sultan ( ota, خدیجه سلطان; ''respectful lady''; Trabzon, c.1490/93 - Costantinople, after 1543) was an Ottoman princess, daughter of Sultan Selim I and Hafsa Sultan. She was the sister of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. Biograp ...
* Mahidevran Sultan *
Mihrimah Sultan (daughter of Suleiman I) Mihrimah Sultan ( ota, مهرماه سلطان, "''sun and moon''" or "''light of the moon''", ; 1522 – 25 January 1578) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Ottoman Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent and his wife, Hürrem Sultan. She w ...
* Kaya Sultan * Hatice Sultan (daughter of Ahmed III) *
Hatice Sultan (daughter of Mustafa III) Hatice Sultan ( ota, خدیجه سلطان; "''respecful lady''"; 14 June 1768 – 17 July 1822) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Sultan Mustafa III and his consort Adilşah Kadın. She was the half sister of Sultan Selim III. Early life ...
*
Esma Sultan (daughter of Abdul Hamid I) Esma Sultan ( ota, اسما سلطان; "''supreme''"; 17 July 1778 – 4 June 1848), also called Küçük Esma, (Esma "the younger"), was an Ottoman princess, daughter of Sultan Abdul Hamid I and Sineperver Kadin, sister of Sultan Mustafa I ...
*
Adile Sultan ota, عدیلہ سلطان , house = Ottoman , house-type = Dynasty , father = Mahmud II , mother = Zernigâr Kadın , birth_date = 23 May 1826 , birth_place = Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (present day Istanbul, Tu ...
*
Naile Sultan (daughter of Abdulmejid I) Naile Sultan ( ota, نائله سلطان; "''winner''"; 30 September 1856 – 18 January 1882), called also Nadile Sultan, was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Sultan Abdulmejid I and Şayeste Hanım. She was the half-sister of Sultans ...
*
Esma Sultan (daughter of Abdülaziz) Esma Sultan ( ota, اسما سلطان; "''sublim''"; 21 March 1873 – 7 May 1899) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Sultan Abdulaziz and Gevheri Kadın. Early life Esma Sultan was born on 21 March 1873 in the Dolmabahçe Palace. Her f ...
*
Fehime Sultan Fehime Sultan ( ota, فہیمه سلطان, "''intelligent''"; 2 July 1875 – 15 September 1929) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Sultan Murad V and his fourth consort Meyliservet Kadın. Early life Fehime Sultan was born on 2 July 187 ...


Notable people


Some Crimean Khans

*
Meñli I Giray Meñli I Giray ( crh3, I Meñli Geray, ۱منكلى كراى) (1445–1515), also spelled as Mengli I Giray, was a ''khan'' of the Crimean Khanate (1466, 1469–1475, 1478–1515) and the sixth son of Hacı I Giray. Biography Struggle f ...
*
Mehmed I Giray Mehmed I Giray (1465–1523, reigned 1515–1523) was khan of the Crimean Khanate. He was preceded by his father Meñli I Giray (r. 1478–1515) and followed by his son Ğazı I Giray (1523–1524). He gained control of the steppe nomads, put his ...
*
Sahib I Giray Sahib I Giray (1501–1551) was Khan of Kazan for three years and Khan of Crimea for nineteen years. His father was the Crimean Khan Meñli I Giray. Sahib was placed on the throne of Kazan by his ambitious brother Mehmed of Crimea and driven ou ...
*
Devlet I Giray Devlet I Giray (1512–1577, r. 1551–1577, ; ', ‎) was a Crimean Khan. His long and eventful reign saw many highly significant historical events: the fall of Kazan to Russia in 1552, the fall of the Astrakhan Khanate to Russia in 1556, th ...
*
Mehmed IV Giray Mehmed IV Giray, the Sufi (1610–1674), was khan of the Crimean Khanate in 1641–1644 and 1654–1666. His two reigns were interrupted by that of his brother Islyam III Giray. His first reign was uneventful, except for the recapture of Azov from ...
*
Islam III Giray Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the main ...
*
Adil Giray Adil Giray, Adil Khan Girai ( crh3, Adil Geray, عادل كراى) was khan of the Crimean Khanate from 1666 to 1671. Family He is said to have been the grandson of Fetih I Giray (see below). His father was killed in battle in 1624 when the Turk ...
* Selim I Giray *
Devlet II Giray Devlet II Giray (1648–1718) was Khan of the Crimean Khanate from 1699 to 1702 and from 1709 to 1713. His eldest son was Selim II Giray. First Rule (1699–1702) Selim I Giray, after his retirement in 1699, recommended Devlet II Giray Khan ...
*
Şahin Giray Şahin Giray, Shahin Khan Girai ( crh, شاهين كراى, Şahin Geray, 1745—1787) was the last Khan of Crimea on two occasions (1777–1782, 1782–1783). Life He was born in 1745 in Edirne. He studied in Greece and Venice. He reputedly ...


Some Grandviziers

, *
Alaeddin Pasha Alaeddin Pasha, or Alaeddin Bey (''Alâeddin Paşa''; Söğüt, – Bursa, 1331), was the brother of Orhan I, who succeeded their father, Osman I, in the leadership of the Ottoman Empire. His mother was a Turkish woman named Rabia Bala Hatun. It ...
* Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayreddin Pasha * Çandarlı (2nd) Halil Pasha * Mahmut Pasha * Gedik Ahmet Pasha * Hersekli Ahmet Pasha * Karamanlı Mehmet Pasha *
Hadım Sinan Pasha Hadım Sinan Pasha ( ota, خادم سنان پاشا, tr, Hadım Sinan Paşa, ; sh, Sinan-paša Borovinić; died 22 January 1517) was Bosnian- Ottoman nobleman, politician and statesman. He served as the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire fro ...
* Pargalı İbrahim Pasha *
Lütfi Pasha Lütfi Pasha ( ota, لطفى پاشا, ''Luṭfī Paşa''; Modern Turkish: ''Lütfi Paşa'', more fully ''Damat Çelebi Lütfi Paşa''; 1488 – 27 March 1564, Didymoteicho) was an Ottoman Albanian statesman, general, and Grand Vizier of the O ...
*
Rüstem Pasha Rüstem Pasha (; ota, رستم پاشا; 1505 – 10 July 1561) was an Ottoman statesman who served as Grand Vizier to Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent. Rüstem Pasha is also known as Damat Rüstem Pasha (the epithet '' damat'' meaning 'son ...
*
Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Sokollu Mehmed Pasha ( ota, صوقوللى محمد پاشا, Ṣoḳollu Meḥmed Pașa, tr, Sokollu Mehmet Paşa; ; ; 1506 – 11 October 1579) was an Ottoman statesman most notable for being the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire. Born in ...
*
Şemsi Pasha Şemsi Ahmet Pasha also known as Chamsi-Pasha; (born: 1492; died: April 28, 1580) was a prominent Ottoman statesman of Albanian originDanişmend (1971), p. 25. who occupied numerous high-ranking political posts, serving at different stages a ...
*
Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha Lala Mustafa Pasha ( – 7 August 1580), also known by the additional epithet ''Kara'', was an Ottoman Bosnian general and Grand Vizier from the Sanjak of Bosnia. Life He was born around 1500, near the Glasinac in Sokolac Plateau in Bosnia t ...
*
Koca Sinan Pasha Koca Sinan Pasha ( tr, Koca Sinan Paşa, "Sinan the Great"; c. 1506 - 3 April 1596) was an Albanian-born Ottoman Grand Vizier, military figure, and statesman. From 1580 until his death he served five times as Grand Vizier. In a Ragusan docum ...
* Damat İbrahim Pasha *
Özdemiroğlu Osman Pasha Özdemiroğlu Osman Pasha ( ota, اوزدمیر اوغلی عثمان‌ پاشا, lit=Osman Pasha, the son of Özdemir; 1526 – 29 October 1585) was an Ottoman statesman and military commander who also held the office of grand vizier for one ...
* Cigalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha *
Kuyucu Murat Pasha Kuyucu Murad Pasha (Ottoman Turkish for "Murad Pasha the Well-digger", i.e. "Gravedigger"; sh, Murat-paša Kujudžić; 1535 – 1611) was an Ottoman statesman who served as Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Ahmed I betwe ...
* Öküz Kara Mehmet Pasha * Hadım Mehmet Pasha * Damat Halil Pasha *
Gazi Hüsrev Pasha Gazi Hüsrev Pasha (died March 1632), also called Boşnak Hüsrev Pasha ("Hüsrev Pasha the Bosnian") or Ekrem Hüsrev Pasha ("Hüsrev Pasha the Kind"), was an Ottoman Grand Vizier of Bosnian descent during the reign of Murad IV. Early life ...
*
Bayram Pasha Bayram Pasha (died 26 August 1638) was an Ottoman grand vizier from 1637 to 1638 and the Ottoman governor of Egypt from 1626 to 1628. Life Bayram, was from Ladik, near the Anatolian city of Amasya. He was Turkish origin and was a member o ...
* Tayyar Mehmet Pasha * Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha * Sultanzade Mehmet Pasha * Nevesinli Salih Pasha * Kara Musa Pasha * Hezarpare Ahmet Pasha *
Sofu Mehmet Pasha Sofu Mehmed Pasha (died August 1649), also known as Mevlevi Mehmed Pasha, was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier and defterdar (finance minister). Early years He was a chamberlain/deputy ('' kethüda'') of a ''defterdar'' (the ...
* Kara Dev Murat Pasha * Melek Ahmet Pasha * Abaza Siyavuş Pasha I * Tarhoncu Ahmed Pasha * Kara Dev Murat Pasha *
Gazi Hüseyin Pasha Gazi Hüseyin Pasha ("Hüseyin Pasha the Warrior"; died 1659), also known as Deli Hüseyin Pasha ("the Mad") or Sarı Hüseyin Pasha ("the Blonde") or Baltaoğlu Hüseyin Pasha ("of the Axe"), was an Ottoman military officer and statesman. He ...
, * Köprülü Mehmet Pasha * Köprülü Fazıl Ahmet Pasha *
Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha ( ota, مرزيفونلى قره مصطفى پاشا, tr, Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Paşa; "Mustafa Pasha the Courageous of Merzifon"; 1634/1635 – 25 December 1683) was an Ottoman nobleman, military figure and Gr ...
* Abaza Siyavuş Pasha * Ayaşlı İsmail Pasha *
Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha Köprülü may refer to: People * Köprülü family (Kypriljotet), an Ottoman noble family of Albanian origin ** Köprülü era (1656–1703), the period in which the Ottoman Empire's politics were set by the Grand Viziers, mainly the Köprülü f ...
* Arabacı Ali Pasha *
Çalık Ali Pasha Çalık Ali Pasha (also Hacı Çalık Ali Pasha or Merzifonlu Çalık Ali Pasha; died 1698) was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier during the reign of Ahmed II. Early life Ali Pasha was a Turk from Merzifon, a city in north-cent ...
* Elmas Mehmet Pasha *
Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha (" Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha the Nephew"; in sq, Hysein Pashë Kypriljoti) (1644–1702) of the Köprülü family, was the grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire under Mustafa II from September 1697 until Septem ...
* Rami Mehmet Pasha *
Baltacı Mehmet Pasha Baltacı Mehmet Pasha (also called Pakçemüezzin Baltacı Mehmet Pasha, sometimes known just as Baltacı or Baltadji; 1662, Osmancık – July 1712, Lemnos) was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire, first fro ...
* Çorlulu Ali Pasha * Köprülü Numan Pasha * Silahtar Ali Pasha * Damad Ibrahim Pasha * Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha * Ivaz Mehmed Pasha * Nişancı Ahmet Pasha * Yirmisekizzade Mehmet Sait Pasha * Koca Ragıp Pasha *
Cezayirli Gazi Hasan Pasha Cezayirli Gazi Hasan Pasha or Hasan Pasha of Algiers (1713 – 19 March 1790) was an Ottoman Grand Admiral (Kapudan Pasha) (1770–90), Grand Vizier (1790), and general in the late 18th century. Primary life He is known to have been brought ...
*
Alemdar Mustafa Pasha Alemdar Mustafa Pasha (also called Bayraktar Mustafa Pasha; born 1755, died 15 November 1808) was an Ottoman military commander and a Grand Vizier born in Hotin (modern Khotyn) in the then Ottoman territory of Ukraine in 1765. Of Albanian or ...
*
Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha (also known as Koca Hüsrev Pasha; sometimes known in Western sources as just Husrev Pasha or Khosrew Pasha;Inalcık, Halil. Trans. by Gibb, H.A.R. ''The Encyclopaedia of Islam'', New Ed., Vol. V, Fascicules 79–80, p ...
*
Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha (1780–1860) was an Ottoman industrialist and statesman, who was Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire twice under Mahmud II (reign 1808–1839) and three times under Abdülmecit I (reign 1839–1861) during t ...
*
Mustafa Reshid Pasha Mustafa ( ar, مصطفى , Muṣṭafā) is one of the names of Prophets and messengers in Islam, Prophet Muhammad, and the name means "chosen, selected, appointed, preferred", used as an Arabic language, Arabic given name and surname. Mustafa is ...
* Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha *
Mehmed Fuad Pasha Mehmed Fuad Pasha (1814 – February 12, 1869), sometimes known as Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha and commonly known as Fuad Pasha, was an Ottoman administrator and statesman, who is known for his prominent role in the Tanzimat reforms of the m ...
*
Midhat Pasha Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha ( ota , احمد شفيق مدحت پاشا, 18 October 1822 – 26 April 1883) was an Ottoman democrat, kingmaker and one of the leading statesmen during the late Tanzimat period. He is most famous for leading the O ...
*
Ahmed Vefik Pasha Ahmed Vefik Pasha ( ota, احمد وفیق پاشا ) (3 July 1823 2 April 1891) was an Ottoman statesman, diplomat, scholar, playwright, and translator during the Tanzimat and First Constitutional Era periods. He was commissioned with top-rank ...
* Halil Rifat Pasha * Ahmed Tevfik Pasha * Mahmud Shevket Pasha * Said Halim Pasha * Talaat Pasha *
Ahmed Izzet Pasha Ahmad ( ar, أحمد, ʾAḥmad) is an Arabic male given name common in most parts of the Muslim world. Other spellings of the name include Ahmed and Ahmet. Etymology The word derives from the root (ḥ-m-d), from the Arabic (), from the ve ...
* Damad Ferid Pasha


Other notable viziers, governors and soldiers

*
Black Musa Black Musa ( Turkish: ''Zenci Musa'') or Sudanese Negro Musa (1880–1919) was a member of the Special Organization and a volunteer soldier in the Ottoman Empire; he participated in every war involving the empire from the Italo-Turkish War to Wo ...
* Abaza Hasan Pasha * Abaza Mehmed Pasha *
Gazi Evrenos Evrenos or Evrenuz (died 17 November 1417 in Yenice-i Vardar) was an Ottoman military commander. Byzantine sources mention him as Ἐβρενός, Ἀβρανέζης, Βρανέζης, Βρανεύς (?), Βρενέζ, Βρενέζης, Βρε ...
* Hacı İlbey * Lala Şahin Pasha * Zağanos Pasha *
Tiryaki Hasan Pasha Tiryaki Hasan Pasha ( Turkish: ''Tiryaki Hasan Paşa''); Hasan-paša Tiro (Bosnian); also called Alacaatlı Hasan Pasha (1530–1611), was an Ottoman military commander, who participated in the Long Turkish War. He received his education in the ...
*
Telli Hasan Pasha Hasan Predojević ( 1530 – 22 June 1593), also known as Telli Hasan Pasha ( tr, Telli Hasan Paşa), was the fifth Ottoman beylerbey ( vali) of Bosnia and a notable Ottoman Bosnian military commander, who led an invasion of the Habsburg Kingdo ...
*
Özdemir Pasha Özdemir Pasha (died 1561, Sana, Yemen Eyalet) was a Mamluk general for the Ottoman Empire, of Kumyk descent.''Mustafa Müftüoğlu.'' Yalan söyleyen tarih utansın!--. — Çile Yayınevi, 1981. — 384 с. He joined Hadım Süleyman Pasha's c ...
* Cezzar Ahmet Pasha * Ali Pasha * Muhammed Ali of Egypt * Gazi Osman Pasha * Ethem Pasha * Ahmet Cemal * Enver Pasha * Ingiliz Mustafa


Sea men (Kaptan Pashas)

*
Kemal Reis Kemal Reis (c. 1451 – 1511) was an Ottoman and Turkish privateer and admiral. He was also the paternal uncle of the famous Ottoman admiral and cartographer Piri Reis, who accompanied him in most of his important naval expeditions. Backgrou ...
*
Piri Reis Ahmet Muhiddin Piri ( 1465 – 1553), better known as Piri Reis ( tr, Pîrî Reis or ''Hacı Ahmet Muhittin Pîrî Bey''), was a navigator, geographer and cartographer. He is primarily known today for his maps and charts collected in his ''Kita ...
*
Oruç Reis Oruç Reis ( ota, عروج ريس; es, Aruj; 1474 – 1518) was an Ottoman corsair who became Sultan of Algiers. The elder brother of the famous Ottoman admiral Hayreddin Barbarossa, he was born on the Ottoman island of Midilli (Lesbos i ...
* Barbaros Hayrettin Pasha * Aydın Reis *
Turgut Reis Dragut ( tr, Turgut Reis) (1485 – 23 June 1565), known as "The Drawn Sword of Islam", was a Muslim Ottoman naval commander, governor, and noble, of Turkish or Greek descent. Under his command, the Ottoman Empire's maritime power was extend ...
*
Kurtoğlu Muslihiddin Reis Kurtoğlu Muslihiddin Reis (1487 – c. 1535) was the admiral of the Ottoman Empire, as well as the Sanjak Bey (Provincial Governor) of Rhodes. He played an important role in the Ottoman conquests of Egypt (1517) and Rhodes (1522) during which he ...
*
Salih Reis Salah Rais ( tr, Salih Reis, ar, صالح ريس) (c. 1488 – 1568) was the 7th King of Algiers, an Ottoman privateer and admiral. He is alternatively referred to as ''Sala Reis'', ''Salih Rais'', ''Salek Rais'' and ''Cale Arraez'' in seve ...
* Murat Reis the Elder *
Seydi Ali Reis Seydi Ali Reis (1498–1563), formerly also written Sidi Ali Reis and Sidi Ali Ben Hossein, was an Ottoman admiral and navigator. Known also as Katib-i Rumi, Galatalı or Sidi Ali Çelebi,Danışan, Gaye. 2019. “A Sixteenth-Century Otto ...
*
Piyale Pasha Piali Pasha, ( tr, Piyale Paşa; hu, Piali pasa) (c. 1515–1578) was an Ottoman Grand Admiral (Kapudan Pasha) between 1553 and 1567, and a Vizier (minister) after 1568. He is also known as Piale Pasha in English. Early life His exact place ...
*
Kurtoğlu Hızır Reis Kurtoğlu Hızır Reis was an Ottoman admiral who is best known for commanding the Ottoman naval expedition to Sumatra in Indonesia (1568–1569). Background and family origins Kurtoğlu Hızır Reis was the son of the famous Turkish private ...
* Müezzinzade Ali Pasha * Kılıç Ali Pasha *
Mezzo Morto Hüseyin Pasha Hussein Mezzomorto ( tr, Mezamorta Hüseyin Paşa; died 1701) or Hajji Husain Mezzomorto ( tr, Hacı Hüseyin Mezamorta) was an Ottoman privateer, bey (governor), and finally Grand Admiral (Kapudan Pasha) of the Ottoman Navy. His epithet ''me ...
* Hasan Rami Pasha


Architects

*
Atik Sinan Sinan-i Atik, also known as Azadlı Sinan, and Atik Sinan (meaning Sinan the Freedman; ''azadlı'' shows that ''atik'' does not mean "old", and is not used to distinguish him from Koca Mimar Sinan Agha), was an Ottoman architect for Sultan Mehmed ...
*
Mimar Sinan Mimar Sinan ( ota, معمار سينان, translit=Mi'mâr Sinân, , ) ( 1488–1490 – 17 July 1588) also known as Koca Mi'mâr Sinân Âğâ, ("Sinan Agha the Grand Architect" or "Grand Sinan") was the chief Ottoman architect ( tr, l ...
*
Sedefkar Mehmed Agha Sedefkar Mehmed Agha Biçakçiu or Sedefqar Mehmeti of Elbasan (Modern Turkish: ''Sedefkâr Mehmet Ağa'', about 1540–1617) is recorded as the Ottoman architect of the Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the "Blue Mosque") in Istanbul. Biography Mehmed Agh ...
* Mimar Kasım


Artists (painter and calligrapher)

* Ahmed Karahisari *
Nakkaş Osman Nakkaş Osman (sometimes called Osman the Miniaturist) was the chief miniaturist for the Ottoman Empire during the later half of the sixteenth century. The dates of his birth and death are poorly known, but most of his works are dated to the last ...
* Hâfiz Osman * Levni *
Osman Hamdi Bey Osman Hamdi Bey (30 December 1842, in Istanbul 24 February 1910) was an Ottoman Empire, Ottoman administrator, intellectual, art expert and also a prominent and pioneering painter. He was also an accomplished archaeologist, and is regarded as th ...
* Şeker Ahmet Paşa * Hoca Ali Riza * Halil Paşa


Musicians

* Hafız Post * Buhurizade Itri * Hampartsoum Limondjian * Dede Efendi *
Tanburi Büyük Osman Bey Tanburi Büyük Osman Bey or Tamburi Büyük Osman Bey (1816–1885) was an Ottoman composer and Turkish tambur player. He is considered one of the most outstanding peşrev compositors in Ottoman classical music. Life Tanburi Büyük Osman Bey ...
* Hacı Arif Bey * Tatyos Efendi *
Tamburi Cemil Bey Tanburi Cemil Bey (1873, Istanbul – July 28, 1916, Istanbul) was an Ottoman tanbur, Turkish tambur, yaylı tambur, kemençe, and lavta virtuoso and composer, who has greatly contributed to the ''taksim'' (improvisation on a makam/maqam) ...


Poets and authors

* Pir Sultan Abdal * Fuzûlî *
Hayâlî Hayâlî (خيالى) was the pen name (Ottoman Turkish: ﻡﺨﻠﺺ ''mahlas'') of an Ottoman Turkish poet. Life Hayâlî lived in the Divan tradition. Though the exact birth date of the poet later called Hayâlî is not known, it is know ...
*
Bâkî Bâḳî (باقى) was the pen name ( Ottoman Turkish: مخلص ''mahlas'') of the Ottoman Turkish poet Mahmud Abdülbâkî (محمود عبدالباقى) . Considered one of the greatest contributors to Turkish literature and Azerbaijani l ...
*
İncili Çavuş İncili ÇavuşWarren S. Walker, Ahmet Edip Uysal, ''More Tales Alive in Turkey'', Texas Tech University Press, 1992, p. 305./ref>Çavuş means: 1. a title given to the officials who engaged in various services provided of in the organizations of th ...
*
Nef'i Nefʿī (نفعى) was the pen name (Ottoman Turkish: مخلص ''maḫlaṣ'') of an Ottoman Turkish poet and satirist whose real name was ʿÖmer (عمر) (c. 1572, Hasankale, Erzurum – 1635, Istanbul). Biography Nefʿī came to the Ottoman ...
* Karacaoğlan *
Neşâtî Neşāṭī (نشاطى was the pen name ( Ottoman Turkish: ﻡﺨﻠﺺ ''maḫlas'') of an Ottoman poet. He was a Sufi, or Islamic mystic, of the Mevlevi Order, and his poetry is often considered exemplary of the "Indian style" (سبك هند ...
*
Nedîm Ahmed Nedîm Efendi (نديم) was the pen name (Ottoman Turkish: ﻡﺨﻠﺺ ''mahlas'') of one of the most celebrated Ottoman poets. He achieved his greatest fame during the reign of Ahmed III, the so-called Tulip Era from 1718 to 1730. He wa ...
* Dadaloğlu *
İbrahim Şinasi İbrahim Şinasi (5 August 1826 – 13 September 1871) was a pioneering Ottoman intellectual, author, journalist, translator, playwright, and newspaper editor. He was the innovator of several fields: he wrote one of the earliest examples of an Ot ...
*
Agah Efendi Çapanzade or Çapanoğlu Agah Efendi (1832 – 1885) was an Ottoman civil servant, writer and newspaper editor who, along with his colleague İbrahim Şinasi, published '' Tercüman-ı Ahvâl'' ("Interpreter of Events"), the first private newsp ...
*
Namık Kemal Namık Kemal (21 December 1840 – 2 December 1888) was an Ottoman democrat, writer, intellectual, reformer, journalist, playwright, and political activist who was influential in the formation of the Young Ottomans and their struggle for go ...
* Tevfik Fikret * Ömer Seyfettin


Men of letters and historians

* Aşıkpaşazade * İdris-i Bitlisi *
Matrakçı Nasuh Nasuh bin Karagöz bin Abdullah el-Visokavi el-Bosnavî, commonly known as Matrakçı Nasuh (; ) for his competence in the combat sport of ''Matrak'' which was invented by himself, (also known as ''Nasuh el-Silâhî'', ''Nasuh the Swordsman'', ...
*
Hoca Sadeddin Efendi Hoca Sadeddin Efendi ( ota, خواجه سعد الدین افندی; 1536/1537 – October 2, 1599İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, ''Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı'', Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971, p. 118. ) was an Ottoman scholar, official, and histo ...
*
Mustafa Âlî Gelibolulu Mustafa Âlî bin Ahmed bin Abdülmevlâ Çelebi (b. 28 April 1541 – d. 1600) was an Ottoman historian, bureaucrat and major literary figure. Life and work Mustafa Ali was born on 28 April, 1541 in Gelibolu, a provincial town on the ...
* Mustafa Selaniki * Koçi Bey * Katip Çelebi *
Evliya Çelebi Derviş Mehmed Zillî (25 March 1611 – 1682), known as Evliya Çelebi ( ota, اوليا چلبى), was an Ottoman explorer who travelled through the territory of the Ottoman Empire and neighboring lands over a period of forty years, recording ...
*
İbrahim Peçevi İbrahim Peçevi or Peçuyli İbrahim Efendi or ''(in Bosnian)'' Ibrahim Alajbegović Pečevija (1572–1650) (Ottoman Turkish: پچویلی ابراهیم افندى ) was an Ottoman Bosnian historian-chronicler of the Ottoman Empire. Life He ...
*
Mustafa Naima Mustafa Naima ( ota, مصطفى نعيما; ''Muṣṭafā Na'īmā''; Aleppo, Ottoman Syria 1655 – 1716) was an Ottoman bureaucrat and historian who wrote the chronicle known as the ''Tārīḫ-i Na'īmā'' (''Naima's History''). He is ofte ...
* Osman Aga of Timișoara * İbrahim Müteferrika * Silahdar Findiklili Mehmed Aga *
Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi Efendi (ca. 1670–1732), also Mehmed Efendi (sometimes spelled Mehemet Effendi in France), was an Ottoman statesman who was delegated as ambassador by the Sultan Ahmed III to Louis XV's France in 1720. He is remembere ...
*
Ahmed Resmî Efendi Ahmed Resmî Efendi (English, "Ahmed Efendi of Resmo"), also called by some Arabic sources as Ahmed bin İbrahim Giridî ("Ahmed the son of İbrahim the Cretan"), was an Ottoman Greek statesman, diplomat and author of the late 18th century. In ...
* Ahmet Cevdet Pasha *
Ziya Gökalp Mehmet Ziya Gökalp (23 March 1876 – 25 October 1924) was a Turkish sociologist, writer, poet, and politician. After the 1908 Young Turk Revolution that reinstated constitutionalism in the Ottoman Empire, he adopted the pen name Gökalp ("ce ...


Scientists (including Astrologist)

* Şerafeddin Sabuncuoğlu * Ali Kuşçu *
Orban Orban, also known as Urban ( hu, Orbán; died 1453), was an iron founder and engineer from Brassó, Transylvania, in the Kingdom of Hungary (today Brașov, Romania), who cast large-calibre artillery for the Ottoman siege of Constantinople in 145 ...
* Takiyuddin * Hezârfen Ahmet Çelebi * Lagari Hasan ÇelebiFactuality of the Ahmet Çelebi and hasan çelebi is disputable * Erzurumlu İbrahim Hakkı * Müneccimbaşı Ahmed Dede


Some families

*
Balyan family The Balyan family ( hy, Պալեաններ; tr, Balyan ailesi or ''Palyan ailesi'') was a prominent Armenian family in the Ottoman Empire consisting of court architects in the service of Ottoman sultans and other members of the Ottoman dynas ...
*
Çandarlı Family The Çandarlı family ( ota, چاندارلی عائله سی; tr, Çandarlı ailesi) was a prominent Turkish political family which provided the Ottoman Empire with five grand viziers during the 14th and 15th centuries. At the time, it was the ...
* Köprülü family * Levidis family * Malkoçoğlu Family


Buildings


Palaces (İstanbul)

*
Adile Sultan Palace Adile Sultan Palace ( tr, Adile Sultan Sarayı) is the former royal residence of Ottoman princess Adile Sultan. It was donated to the state by Adile Sultan to be used as a school building for the Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls and ...
* Aynalıkavak Palace * Beylerbeyi Palace *
Çırağan Palace Çırağan Palace ( tr, Çırağan Sarayı), a former Ottoman Empire, Ottoman palace, is now a five-star hotel in the Kempinski, Kempinski Hotels chain. It is located on the European shore of the Bosporus, between Beşiktaş and Ortaköy in Istan ...
*
Dolmabahçe Palace Dolmabahçe Palace ( tr, Dolmabahçe Sarayı, ) located in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, Turkey, on the European coast of the Bosporus strait, served as the main administrative center of the Ottoman Empire from 1856 to 1887 and from 1909 t ...
* Esma Sultan Mansion *
Hatice Sultan Palace The Hatice Sultan Mansion ( tr, Hatice Sultan Yalısı), a historical yalı ( en, waterside mansion) located at Bosporus in Ortaköy neighborhood of Istanbul, Turkey and named after its original owner Hatice Sultan, is used today as a water sports ...
* Ihlamur Palace * Khedive Palace * Küçüksu Palace * Maslak Palace *
Topkapı Palace The Topkapı Palace ( tr, Topkapı Sarayı; ota, طوپقپو سرايى, ṭopḳapu sarāyı, lit=cannon gate palace), or the Seraglio, is a large museum in the east of the Fatih district of Istanbul in Turkey. From the 1460s to the complet ...
* Yıldız Palace


Mosques (İstanbul)

* Atik Ali Pasha Mosque * Atik Valide Mosque * Beyazıt II Mosque *
Dolmabahçe Mosque The Dolmabahçe Mosque is a baroque waterside mosque in Kabataş in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey, close to the Dolmabahçe Palace. It was commissioned by Queen Mother Bezmialem Valide Sultan and designed by the Turkish Armenian arc ...
*
Eyüp Sultan Mosque The Eyüp Sultan Mosque ( tr, Eyüp Sultan Camii) is in the Eyüp district of Istanbul, outside the city walls and near the Golden Horn. On a much older site, the present building dates from the beginning of the 19th century. The mosque complex in ...
*
Fatih Mosque The large Fatih Mosque ( tr, Fatih Camii, "Conqueror's Mosque" in English) is an Ottoman mosque off Fevzi Paşa Caddesi in the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. The original mosque was constructed between 1463 and 1470 on the site of the Ch ...
* Firuz Ağa Mosque * Handan Agha Mosque * Kılıç Ali Pasha Mosque *
Laleli Mosque The Laleli Mosque ( tr, Laleli Camii, or Tulip Mosque) is an 18th-century Ottoman imperial mosque located in Laleli, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey. History The Laleli Mosque was built by Sultan Mustafa III from 1760–1763, designed in the Ottom ...
* Mihrimah Mosque * Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Üsküdar) * Molla Çelebi Mosque * The New Mosque *
Nuruosmaniye Mosque The Nuruosmaniye Mosque ( tr, Nuruosmaniye Camii) is an 18th-century Ottoman mosque located in the Çemberlitaş neighbourhood of Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey. In 2016 it was inscribed in the Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turke ...
* Nusretiye Mosque *
Ortaköy Mosque Ortaköy Mosque ( tr, Ortaköy Camii) or Büyük Mecidiye Camii () in Beşiktaş, Istanbul, Turkey, is a mosque situated at the waterside of the Ortaköy pier square, one of the most popular locations on the Bosphorus. It was commissioned by the ...
* Pertevniyal Mosque * Rüstem Pasha Mosque * Sinan Pasha Mosque * Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Mosque * Sultan Ahmet Mosque (Blue Mosque) *
Süleymaniye Mosque The Süleymaniye Mosque ( tr, Süleymaniye Camii, ) is an Ottoman imperial mosque located on the Third Hill of Istanbul, Turkey. The mosque was commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent and designed by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan. An insc ...
*
Şehzade Mosque The Şehzade Mosque ( tr, Şehzade Camii, from the original Persian شاهزاده ''Šāhzādeh'', meaning "prince") is a 16th-century Ottoman imperial mosque located in the district of Fatih, on the third hill of Istanbul, Turkey. It was com ...
* Şemsi Pasha Mosque *
Teşvikiye Mosque The Teşvikiye Mosque is a neo-baroque structure located in the Teşvikiye neighbourhood of Şişli district in Istanbul, Turkey. History The mosque was originally commissioned in 1794 by Sultan Selim III, but most of the current mosque that s ...
*
Yavuz Selim Mosque The Yavuz Selim Mosque, also known as the Selim I Mosque and the Yavuz Sultan Selim Mosque ( tr, Yavuz Selim Camii) is a 16th-century Ottoman imperial mosque located at the top of the 5th Hill of Istanbul, Turkey, in the neighborhood of Çukurbo ...
* Yeni Valide Mosque * Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque *
Zeynep Sultan Mosque The Zeynep Sultan Mosque (in Turkish Zeynep Sultan Camii) is a mosque built in 1769 by Ayazma Mosque's architect Mehmet Tahir Ağa for Ahmed III's daughter Zeynep Sultan. It evokes Byzantine churches because of its architectural style and mat ...


Mosques (Elsewhere)

* Bayezid I Mosque * Bursa Grand Mosque *
İzzet Mehmet Pasha Mosque İzzet Mehmet Pasha Mosque is an 18th-century mosque in Safranbolu of Karabük Province, Turkey. Geography The mosque is in the market place of Safranbolu at . The street in front of the mosque is Adnan Menderes street which connects Safranbolu t ...
* Murat Paşa Mosque * Nasrullah Mosque * Old Mosque * Omer Pasha Mosque * Selimiye Mosque * Tekeli Mehmet Paşa Mosque *
Üç Şerefeli Mosque The Üç Şerefeli Mosque ( tr, Üç Şerefeli Camii) is a 15th-century Ottoman mosque in Edirne, Turkey. History The Üç Şerefeli Mosque was commissioned by Ottoman sultan Murad II (1421–1444,1446– 1451), and built between 1438 and 1447. ...
* Ulucami *
Yeşil Mosque The Green Mosque ( Turkish: ''Yeşil Camii''), also known as the Mosque of Mehmed I, is a part of a larger complex (Turkish: külliye) on the east side of Bursa, Turkey, the former capital of the Ottoman Turks before they captured Constantinopl ...


Military


Wars

* Ottoman wars in Europe * Ottoman wars in Asia * Ottoman wars in Africa


Croatian–Ottoman Wars

* Long campaign (1443–1444) * Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War (c. 1493 – 1593) * Long War (1593–1606) * Great Turkish War (1662–1699)


Ottoman Persian Wars

* War of 1532–1555 * War of 1578–1590 * War of 1603–1618 * War of 1623–1639 * War of 1730–1735 * War of 1743–1746 * War of 1775–1776 * War of 1821–1823


Ottoman–Venetian Wars

*
Siege of Thessalonica (1422–1430) The siege of Thessalonica between 1422 and 1430 saw the Ottoman Empire, under Sultan Murad II, capture the city of Thessalonica, which remained in Ottoman hands for the next five centuries, until it became part of the Kingdom of Greece in 1912 ...
* The first
Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–1479) The First Ottoman–Venetian War was fought between the Republic of Venice and her allies and the Ottoman Empire from 1463 to 1479. Fought shortly after the capture of Constantinople and the remnants of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottomans, it ...
* The second
Ottoman–Venetian War (1499–1503) The Second Ottoman–Venetian War was fought between the Islamic Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Venice for control of the lands that were contested between the two parties in the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Adriatic Sea. The war lasted f ...
* The third Ottoman–Venetian War (1537–1540) * The fourth
Ottoman–Venetian War (1570–1573) The Fourth Ottoman–Venetian War, also known as the War of Cyprus ( it, Guerra di Cipro) was fought between 1570 and 1573. It was waged between the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Venice, the latter joined by the Holy League, a coalition o ...
* The fifth Ottoman–Venetian War or
Cretan War (1645–1669) The Cretan War ( el, Κρητικός Πόλεμος, tr, Girit'in Fethi), also known as the War of Candia ( it, Guerra di Candia) or the Fifth Ottoman–Venetian War, was a conflict between the Republic of Venice and her allies (chief among ...
* The sixth Ottoman–Venetian War or Morean War (1684–1699) * The seventh and last
Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718) The Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War was fought between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire between 1714 and 1718. It was the last conflict between the two powers, and ended with an Ottoman victory and the loss of Venice's major posses ...


Polish–Ottoman Wars

*
Moldavian Magnate Wars The Moldavian Magnate Wars, or Moldavian Ventures, refer to the period at the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century when the magnates of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth intervened in the affairs of Moldavia, clashing ...
* Polish–Ottoman War (1620–1621) * Polish–Ottoman War (1633–1634) * Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–1671) * Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676) (or "2nd Polish–Ottoman War") * Polish–Ottoman War (1683–1699) (or "3rd Polish–Ottoman War")


Russo-Turkish War

* Russo-Turkish War (1568–1570) *
Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681) The Russo-Turkish War of 1676–1681, a war between the Tsardom of Russia and Ottoman Empire, caused by Turkish expansionism in the second half of the 17th century. Prelude After having captured and devastated the region of Podolia in the cour ...
* Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700) * Russo Turkish War (1710) * Russo-Turkish War (1735-1739) * Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) * Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) *
Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812) The Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812) between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire was one of the Russo-Ottoman Wars. Russia prevailed, but both sides wanted peace as they feared Napoleon's moves to the east. Background The war broke ou ...
*
Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829) The Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829 was sparked by the Greek War of Independence of 1821–1829. War broke out after the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II closed the Dardanelles to Russian ships and revoked the 1826 Akkerman Convention in retalia ...
* Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)


Other wars

* Byzantine–Ottoman Wars *
Ottoman–Persian Wars The Ottoman–Persian Wars or Ottoman–Iranian Wars were a series of wars between Ottoman Empire and the Safavid, Afsharid, Zand, and Qajar dynasties of Iran (Persia) through the 16th–19th centuries. The Ottomans consolidated their control of ...
*
History of the Serbian–Turkish wars History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the History of writing#Inventions of writing, invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbr ...
*
Ottoman–Habsburg wars The Ottoman–Habsburg wars were fought from the 16th through the 18th centuries between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg monarchy, which was at times supported by the Kingdom of Hungary, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and Habsburg Spai ...
* Indian Ocean campaigns *
Italian War of 1542–1546 The Italian War of 1542–1546 was a conflict late in the Italian Wars, pitting Francis I of France and Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire against the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Henry VIII of England. The course of the war saw extensive ...
*
Italo-Turkish War The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War ( tr, Trablusgarp Savaşı, "Tripolitanian War", it, Guerra di Libia, "War of Libya") was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire from 29 September 1911, to 18 October 1912. As a result o ...
* Balkan Wars *
World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...


Sieges

* Bursa (1326) * İznik (1331) * İzmit (1333) * Edirne (1361) * Tarnovo (1393) * İstanbul (1422) * Thessalonica (1422) * Svetigrad (1448) * İstanbul (1453) * Belgrade (1456) * Kruje (1478) * Rhodes (1480) * Otranto (1481) * Cairo (1517) * Rhodes (1522) * Algiers (1529) * Vienna (1529) * Tunis (1534) * Baghdat (1534) * Corfu (1537) * Diu (1538) * Aden (1538) * Castelnuovo (1539) * Buda (1541) * Esztergom (1543) * Van (1547) * Tripoli (1551) * Eger(1552) * Oran (1556) * Oran (1563) * Malta (1565) * Szigetvar (1566) * Tunis (1574) * Baghdad (1638) * Candia (1669) * Vienna (1683) * Belgrade (1739)


Battles (before World War 1)

, * Bapheus * Dimbos * Pelekanon *
Ihtiman Ihtiman ( bg, Ихтиман ) is a town in western Bulgaria, part of Sofia Province. It is located in the Ihtimanska Sredna Gora mountains and lies in a valley 48 km from Sofia and 95 km from Plovdiv, close to the Trakiya motorway. Fo ...
*
Maritsa Maritsa or Maritza ( bg, Марица ), also known as Meriç ( tr, Meriç ) and Evros ( ell, Έβρος ), is a river that runs through the Balkans in Southeast Europe. With a length of ,Dubrovnica * Savra * Bileca * 1.Kosova * Rovine *
Nicopolis Nicopolis ( grc-gre, Νικόπολις, Nikópolis, City of Victory) or Actia Nicopolis was the capital city of the Roman province of Epirus Vetus. It was located in the western part of the modern state of Greece. The city was founded in 29  ...
*
Ankara Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, maki ...
* Varna * 2.Kosova * Albulena (Ujëbardha) *
Otlukbeli Otlukbeli is a town and district of Erzincan Province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located main ...
* Vasliu * Valea Alba * Ekmek Otlak (Câmpul Pâinii) *
Krbava Krbava (; ) is a historical region located in Mountainous Croatia and a former Catholic bishopric (1185–1460), precursor of the diocese of Modruš an present Latin titular see. It can be considered either located east of Lika, or indeed as t ...
*
Zonchio Pylos (, ; el, Πύλος), historically also known as Navarino, is a town and a former Communities and Municipalities of Greece, municipality in Messenia, Peloponnese (region), Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it has ...
* Modon * Chaldiran * Marj Dabiq * Yaunis Khan * Ridanieh *
Mohács Mohács (; Croatian and Bunjevac: ''Mohač''; german: Mohatsch; sr, Мохач; tr, Mohaç) is a town in Baranya County, Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube. Etymology The name probably comes from the Slavic ''*Mъchačь'',''*Mocháč'': ...
* Formentera *
Preveza Preveza ( el, Πρέβεζα, ) is a city in the region of Epirus, northwestern Greece, located on the northern peninsula at the mouth of the Ambracian Gulf. It is the capital of the regional unit of Preveza, which is part of the region of Epiru ...
* Algiers * Sohoista *
Ponza Ponza (Italian: ''isola di Ponza'' ) is the largest island of the Italian Pontine Islands archipelago, located south of Cape Circeo in the Tyrrhenian Sea. It is also the name of the commune of the island, a part of the province of Latina in th ...
* Djerbe * Lepanto * Çıldır * Torches * Sisak * Keresztes * Cecora * Khotyn (1621) * Focchies * Dardanelles (1654) * Dardanelles (1655) * Dardanelles (1656) * Dardanelles (1657) * Saint Gotthard * Khotyn (1673) *
Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...
* 2.Mohács * Slankamen * Oinousses Islands (Koyun Adaları) *
Andros Andros ( el, Άνδρος, ) is the northernmost island of the Greek Cyclades archipelago, about southeast of Euboea, and about north of Tinos. It is nearly long, and its greatest breadth is . It is for the most part mountainous, with many ...
* Zenta * Pruth River *
Petrovaradin Petrovaradin ( sr-cyr, Петроварадин, ) is a historic town in the Serbian province of Vojvodina, now a part of the city of Novi Sad. As of 2011, the urban area has 14,810 inhabitants. Lying on the right bank of the Danube, across from t ...
*
Imbros Imbros or İmroz Adası, officially Gökçeada (lit. ''Heavenly Island'') since 29 July 1970,Alexis Alexandris, "The Identity Issue of The Minorities in Greece And Turkey", in Hirschon, Renée (ed.), ''Crossing the Aegean: An Appraisal of the 1 ...
* Matapan , * Hisarcık (Grocka) * Stavuchany * Chesma * Larga *
Kagul Also called tagutok (Maranao), bantula or tagungtung (Bukidnon) and kuratung ( Banuwaen). The kagul is a type of Philippine bamboo scraper gong/slit drum of the Maguindanaon and Visayans with a jagged edge on one side, played with two beaters, ...
* Fokşan * Rymnik * Kaliakra (1791) *
Pyramids A pyramid (from el, πυραμίς ') is a structure whose outer surfaces are triangular and converge to a single step at the top, making the shape roughly a pyramid in the geometric sense. The base of a pyramid can be trilateral, quadrilat ...
* Abukir * Arpachai * Athos * Al Safra * Jeddah * Čegar * Alamana * Dragashani * Dervenakia *
Kamatero Kamatero ( el, Καματερó ; officially ΚαματερόνNational Statistic Service of Greece surveys. Last accessed December 4, 2009. (in Greek) ) is a suburb northwest of Athens city center, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform ...
*
Navarino Navarino or Navarin may refer to: Battle * Battle of Navarino, 1827 naval battle off Navarino, Greece, now known as Pylos Geography * Navarino, Wisconsin, a town, United States * Navarino (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community, Unit ...
* Kulevicha * Algiers * 3.Kosova *
Konya Konya () is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium (), although the Seljuks also called it ...
*
Nezib Nizip ( gkm, Nisibis or Nisibina; ota, نزيب) is a town and district of Gaziantep Province of southeastern Turkey. As of 2010, the population of the city is 96,229. It is located 45 km from the city of Gaziantep, 95 km from Şanlıu ...
* Oltenitza *
Sinop Sinop can refer to: * Sinop, Turkey, a city on the Black Sea ** Sinop Nuclear Power Plant, was planned in 2013, but cancelled in 2018 ** Battle of Sinop, 1853 naval battle in the Sinop port *** Russian ship ''Sinop'', Russian ships named after the ...
* Kurekdere * Eupatoria * Kızıl Tepe * Plevna * Shipka * Tashkessen * Dömeke *
Tobruk Tobruk or Tobruck (; grc, Ἀντίπυργος, ''Antipyrgos''; la, Antipyrgus; it, Tobruch; ar, طبرق, Tubruq ''Ṭubruq''; also transliterated as ''Tobruch'' and ''Tubruk'') is a port city on Libya's eastern Mediterranean coast, near ...
*
Beirut Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...
*
Kardzhali Kardzhali ( bg, Кърджали , ''Kărdžali''; tr, Kırcaali; gr, Κάρτζαλι, ''Kártzali''), sometimes spelt Kardžali or Kurdzhali, is a town in the Eastern Rhodopes in Bulgaria, centre of Kardzhali Municipality and Kardzhali Pro ...
* Sarantaporo *
Giannitsa Giannitsa ( el, Γιαννιτσά , in English also Yannitsa, Yenitsa) is the largest city in the regional unit of Pella and the capital of the Pella municipality, in the region of Central Macedonia in northern Greece. The municipal unit Gian ...
*
Kumanovo Kumanovo ( mk, Куманово ; also known by other alternative names) is a city in North Macedonia and the seat of Kumanovo Municipality, the largest municipality in the country. Kumanovo lies above sea level and is surrounded by the K ...
* Kirk Kilisse * Pente Pigadia *
Prilep Prilep ( mk, Прилеп ) is the fourth-largest city in North Macedonia. It has a population of 66,246 and is known as "the city under Marko's Towers" because of its proximity to the towers of Prince Marko. Name The name of Prilep appear ...
* Lule Burgas * Merhamli * Sorovich * Monastir * Kaliakra (1912) * Imroz (Elli) * Bulair * Şarköy * Adrianople * Lemnos (Limni) * Bizani * Scutari * Yenidje


Battles of the First World War


Caucasus Campaign

* Köprüköy (Bergmann) * Sarikamis *
Ardahan Ardahan (, ka, არტაანი, tr, hy, Արդահան, translit=Ardahan Russian: Ардаган) is a city in northeastern Turkey, near the Georgian border. It is the capital of Ardahan Province. History Ancient and medieval Ardaha ...
* Malazgirt (Manzikert) * Kara Kilise *
Erzurum Erzurum (; ) is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It is the largest city and capital of Erzurum Province and is 1,900 meters (6,233 feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 367,250 in 2010. The city uses the double-headed eagle as ...
*
Trabzon Trabzon (; Ancient Greek: Tραπεζοῦς (''Trapezous''), Ophitic Pontic Greek: Τραπεζούντα (''Trapezounta''); Georgian: ტრაპიზონი (''Trapizoni'')), historically known as Trebizond in English, is a city on the B ...
*
Bitlis Bitlis ( hy, Բաղեշ '; ku, Bidlîs; ota, بتليس) is a city in southeastern Turkey and the capital of Bitlis Province. The city is located at an elevation of 1,545 metres, 15 km from Lake Van, in the steep-sided valley of the Bitlis R ...
*
Erzincan Erzincan (; ku, Erzîngan), historically Yerznka ( hy, Երզնկա), is the capital of Erzincan Province in Eastern Turkey. Nearby cities include Erzurum, Sivas, Tunceli, Bingöl, Elazığ, Malatya, Gümüşhane, Bayburt, and Giresun. The ...
* Sardarapat * Abaran * Karakilisa * Baku


Mesopotamian campaign

*
Fao The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)french: link=no, Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture; it, Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'Alimentazione e l'Agricoltura is an intern ...
Basra Basra ( ar, ٱلْبَصْرَة, al-Baṣrah) is an Iraqi city located on the Shatt al-Arab. It had an estimated population of 1.4 million in 2018. Basra is also Iraq's main port, although it does not have deep water access, which is han ...
* Qurna * Es Sinn * Ctesiphon * 1st Kut * Shiekh Sa'ad *
Wadi Wadi ( ar, وَادِي, wādī), alternatively ''wād'' ( ar, وَاد), North African Arabic Oued, is the Arabic term traditionally referring to a valley. In some instances, it may refer to a wet (ephemeral) riverbed that contains water ...
* Hanna * Dujaila * 2nd Kut *
Baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. I ...
* Samarra offensive *
Ramadi Ramadi ( ar, ٱلرَّمَادِي ''Ar-Ramādī''; also formerly rendered as ''Rumadiyah'' or ''Rumadiya'') is a city in central Iraq, about west of Baghdad and west of Fallujah. It is the capital and largest city of Al Anbar Governorate w ...
*
Khan Baghdadi Khan may refer to: *Khan (inn), from Persian, a caravanserai or resting-place for a travelling caravan *Khan (surname), including a list of people with the name *Khan (title), a royal title for a ruler in Mongol and Turkic languages and used by ...
* Sharqat


Sinai and Palestine Campaign

* Kanal (Suez) * Romani * Magdhaba * Refah (Rafa) * 1st Gaza * 2nd Gaza * El Buggar * Birüşebi (Beersheba) * 3rd Gaza * Mughar Ridge * Kudüs(Jerusalem) * Abu Tellul *
Megiddo Megiddo may refer to: Places and sites in Israel * Tel Megiddo, site of an ancient city in Israel's Jezreel valley * Megiddo Airport, a domestic airport in Israel * Megiddo church (Israel) * Megiddo, Israel, a kibbutz in Israel * Megiddo Junctio ...


Gallipoli Campaign

* Çanakkale deniz (Naval operations) * Arıburnu (Anzac Cove) *
Helles Helles or hell is a traditional German pale lager beer, produced chiefly in Southern Germany, particularly Munich. The German word ''hell'' can be translated as "bright", "light", or "pale". Flavour profile Helles-style beers typically are f ...
* 1.Kirte (Krithia) * 2.Kirte (Krithia) * 3.Kirte (Krithia) * Kumkale * Sığındere (Gully Ravine) * Anafartalar (Sari Bair) * Kirte Bağları (Krithia Vineyard) * Kanlısırt (Lone Pine) *
Suvla View of Suvla from Battleship Hill Suvla () is a bay on the Aegean coast of the Gallipoli peninsula in European Turkey, south of the Gulf of Saros. On 6 August 1915, it was the site for the Landing at Suvla Bay by the British IX Corps as pa ...
* Kılışbayır (The Nek) * Conk Bayırı (Chunuk Bair) * Yusufçuk Tepe (Scimitar Hill) * Hill 60


Treaties

, * Ottoman–Venetian * Edirne-Segedin (Szeged) * Constantinople (1479) * Constantinople (1533) * Franco-Turkish * Adrianople (1547) *
Amasya Amasya () is a city in northern Turkey and is the capital of Amasya Province, in the Black Sea Region. It was called Amaseia or Amasia in antiquity."Amasya" in ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th ...
* Adrianople (1568) * Istanbul (1590) * Zitvatorok * Nasuh Pasha * Serav *
Khotyn Khotyn ( uk, Хотин, ; ro, Hotin, ; see other names) is a city in Dnistrovskyi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast of western Ukraine and is located south-west of Kamianets-Podilskyi. It hosts the administration of Khotyn urban hromada, one of t ...
* Kasr'ı Şirin (Zuhab) * Vasvar * Buczacs * İzvença (Zurawno) * Bakhchisarai * Karlowitz * Constantinople (1700) * Pruth * Passarowitz * Treaty of Constantinople (1724), İstanbul (1724) * Treaty of Ahmet Pasha, Ahmet Pasha * Treaty of İstanbul (1736), İstanbul (1736) * Treaty of Belgrade, Belgrade * Treaty of Niš (1739), Niš * Treaty of Kerden, Kerden * Treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji, Kuçük Kaynarca * Treaty of Aynalıkavak, Aynalıkavak * Treaty of Sistova, Sistova * Treaty of Jassy, Jassy , * Treaty with Algeria (1795), Algeria * Treaty of Tripoli, Tripoli * Treaty with Tunis (1797), Tunis * Napoleonic Campaign in Egypt#End of the campaign, Paris * Treaty of the Dardanelles, Kale’i Sültani (Dardanelles) * Treaty of Bucharest (1812), Bucharest * Treaty of Erzurum, Erzurum * Akkerman Convention, Akkerman * Treaty of Adrianople (1829), Adrianople * Treaty of Constantinople (1832), İstanbul (1832) * Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi, Hünkâr İskelesi * Convention of Kütahya, Kütahya * Treaty of Balta Liman, Balta limanı * Convention of London (1840), London (1840) * London Straits Convention, London (1841) * Treaty of Paris (1856), Paris (1856) * Convention of Scutari, Scutari * Treaty of San Stefano, Ayastefanos (Yeşilköy) * Treaty of Berlin (1878), Berlin (1878) * Cyprus Convention, Cyprus * Tophane Agreement, Tophane * Treaty of Constantinople (1897), İstanbul (1897) * Italo-Turkish War#The 1912 Treaty of Lausanne, Ouchy * Treaty of London (1913), London (1913) * Treaty of Constantinople (1913), İstanbul (1913) * Treaty of Athens, Athens * Armistice of Erzincan, Erzincan * Treaty of Brest Litovsk, Brest Litovsk * Treaty of Batum, Batum * Armistice of Mudros, Mudros * Treaty of Sèvres, Sèvres


Revolts and notable events

* Sheikh Bedrettin * Şahkulu Rebellion, Şahkulu * Jelali revolts * Beylerbeyi Event * Abaza rebellion * Atmeydanı Incident * Çınar Incident * Edirne event * Patrona Halil * Kabakçı Mustafa * Charter of Alliance * The Auspicious Incident * Serbian revolution, Serbian revolt * Greek War of Independence, Greek revolt * April Uprising, Bulgarian revolt * Arab revolt * Atçalı Kel Mehmet * 31 March Incident * 1913 Ottoman coup d'état, Babıali raid


Diplomacy

* French Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire * Polish Jagiellon ambassadors to the Ottoman Empire


Lists

* List of the Ottoman battles in which the sultan participated * Campaigns of Suleiman the Magnificent * List of campaigns of Mehmed the Conqueror * Ports of the Ottoman Empire


See also

* Wikilala


Notes


External links


Ottoman Text Archive Project – University of Washington

Ottoman Empire in The Oxford Dictionary of Islam





World Civilizations: The Ottomans
A comprehensive site that covers much about the Ottoman state and government
Ottoman History Podcast
An internet radio broadcast dedicated to the history, culture and society of the Ottoman Empire and Middle East
Turkish Oral Narrative

The Online Bibliography of Ottoman-Turkish Literature
A bi-lingual site (English version) presenting a user-submissable database of references to theses, books, articles, papers and research-projects
Osmanlı Edebiyatı Çalışmaları Bibliyografyası Veritabanı
Turkish version of The Online Bibliography of Ottoman-Turkish Literature
Information about Ottomans
*   – covers the period 1300–1600
The Sakıp Sabancı Collection of Ottoman Calligraphy

Ottomans History Blog

Turkey in the First World War

Ottoman Navy and Navigation

Engravings of Ottoman Empire – HQ image gallery


{{DEFAULTSORT:Index Of Ottoman Empire-Related Topics Ottoman Empire-related lists, Topics Outlines of geography and places, Ottoman Empire Wikipedia outlines, Ottoman Empire Outlines of history and events