Imperial Noble Consort Dunyi (惇怡皇貴妃瓜爾佳氏; 3 December 1683 – 30 April 1768) was a consort of

Kangxi Emperor The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 1654– 20 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, born Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1661 to 1 ...

. She was 29 years his junior. She outlived

Empress Xiaoxianchun Empress Xiaoxianchun (28 March 1712 – 8 April 1748), of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Fuca clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and first empress consort of Hongli, the Qianlong Emperor. She was Empress consort of Qing from ...

, the Hoifa-Nara Step Empress, and several

Qianlong The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 17117 February 1799), also known by his Temple name, temple name Emperor Gaozong of Qing, born Hongli, was the fifth List of emperors of the Qing dynasty, Emperor of the Qing dynasty and the fourth Qing empe ...

's consorts and children.

Life

Family background

Imperial Noble Consort Dunyi came from a prominent

Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized ethnic minority in China and the people from whom Manchuria derives its name. The Later Jin (1616–1636) and ...

Plain White Banner The Plain White Banner () was one of the Eight Banners of Manchu military and society during the Later Jin and Qing dynasty of China. It was one of the three "upper" banners (Plain Yellow Banner, Bordered Yellow Banner, and Plain White Banner) dir ...

Guwalgiya clan. Her personal name is unknown, while her milk name was Hanjiuchun (旱九春 * Father: Human (祜滿/祜满), served as third rank military official ()

Kangxi era

Lady Guwalgiya was born on 16th day of 10th lunar month of the 22nd year of

, which translates to 3 December 1683 in

Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It was introduced in October 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. The principal change was to space leap years dif ...

. In 1700, she entered Forbidden City at the age of seventeen, and was given the title of "Concubine He" (和嫔; "he" meaning "harmonious"). On 17 November 1701, she gave birth to the emperor's eighteenth daughter, who would die prematurely in the same month. In 1718, she was promoted to "Consort He" (和妃).

Yongzheng era

According to the tradition, each new emperor had to promote the concubines of his predecessor. Lady Guwalgiya was promoted to "Dowager Noble Consort He" (和贵太妃) in 1722, but the promotion ceremony was held in July 1724.

Qianlong era

In 1743, Lady Guwalgiya was promoted to "Dowager Imperial Noble Consort Wenhui" (温惠皇贵太妃; "wenhui" means "tender and kind").

Qianlong Emperor The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 17117 February 1799), also known by his temple name Emperor Gaozong of Qing, born Hongli, was the fifth Emperor of the Qing dynasty and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1735 t ...

carried out two bows and six genuflexions, when she stood up and accepted a ceremony. Her residence in the Forbidden city was Jingfu palace (景福宫, Palace of Happy Scenery), one of the palaces in the area of Ningshou palace, a former palace of Empress Dowager. In 1763, Lady Guwalgiya celebrated her eightieth birthday. She received 9 rolls of Wuling Baotou, five-colored satin with azurites, one metre of silk with 8 golden roundels of dragons, 2 metres of brocade, 3 bags of gold pieces, one metre of satin with golden "shou" characters, 18 metres of dajuan satin, 9 metres of velvet, 9 metres of dajuan muslin, 9 metres of damask, 9 metres of spring silk, 9 metres of Puhuan crepe. She died at the age of eighty six in Jingfu palace on 30 April 1768. She was granted posthumous title "Imperial Noble consort Dunyi" (惇怡皇贵妃; "dunyi" meaning "honest and pleasant") in June 1768. She was the longest living consort of Kangxi Emperor.

Issue

* As Concubine He: ** ''18th princess'' (17 November 1701 – November 1701)

Titles

* During the reign of the

(r. 1661–1722): ** Lady Guwalgiya (from 3 December 1683) ** Concubine He (; from 1700), fifth rank consort ** Consort He (; from 1718), fourth rank consort * During the reign of the

Yongzheng Emperor , regnal name = , posthumous name = Emperor Jingtian Changyun Jianzhong Biaozhen Wenwu Yingming Kuanren Xinyi Ruisheng Daxiao Zhicheng Xian()Manchu: Temgetulehe hūwangdi () , temple name = Shizong()Manchu: Šidzung () , house = Aisin Gioro ...

(r. 1722–1735): ** Dowager Noble Consort He (; from 1722) * During the reign of the

(r. 1735–1796): ** Grand Dowager Imperial Noble Consort Wenhui (; from 1743) ** ''Imperial Noble Consort Dunyi'' (; from 1768)

References

{{reflist Consorts of the Kangxi Emperor 1683 births 1768 deaths