Imabari, Ehime

270px, Imabari City Hall
270px, Aerial view of Imabari city center

is a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. It is the second largest city in Ehime Prefecture. , the city had an estimated population of 152,111 in 75947 households and a population density of 360 persons per km². The total area of the city is . The population is the second largest in Ehime Prefecture after Matsuyama City.

Geography

Imabari is located in central Ehime Prefecture, facing the Seto Inland Sea to the east and northwest, and including a portion of the Geiyo Islands in between Shikoku and Honshu, including Ōmishima, Ōshima and Hakatajima. The land portion occupies the northeastern part of the Takanawa Peninsula. The highest elevation in the city is Mound Kirō on Ōshima Island at 307.8 meters.

Neighbouring municipalities

Ehime Prefecture
*Matsuyama
* Tōon
* Saijō
* Kamijima

Climate

Imabari has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Imabari is 15.4 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1740 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in January, at around 26.2 °C, and lowest in January, at around 5.1 °C.

Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Imabari has been declining since the 1980s.

History

The area in which Imabari is situated is part of ancient Iyo Province and had long been a strategic point for the control of the Seto Inland Sea. In the Sengoku period it was dominated by the Murakami clan, a maritime clan who engaged in shipping or as pilots for vessels through the complex channels and rocky straits in between Shikoku and Honshu, but who also occasionally acted as pirates or as the mercenary naval force for a powerful warlord. After the Battle of Sekigahara, Tokugawa Ieyasu installed his general Tōdō Takatora as ''daimyō'' of the 200,000 ''koku'' Imabari Domain. Tōdō Takatora constructed Imabari Castle and the castle town which forms the core ofter modern city. The domain was subsequently ruled by a cadet branch of the Hisamatsu-Matsudaira clan until the end of the Edo period. The town of Imabari was established on December 15, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. The town merged with the village of Hiyoshi on February 11, 1920 to become the city of Imabari. Industrialization progressed rapidly in the early 20th century, centered around the textile and shipbuilding industries. The city was bombed three times in the final months of World War II, with the first air raid on April 24, 1945 killing 68 civilians, the second on May 8 killing 29 (mostly students of Imabari Girls' High School) and the third and largest on August 5, during which 454 people died and 80% of the city center was destroyed. The city reconstructed rapidly in the post-war era.

On January 16, 2005, the towns of Hakata, Kamiura, Kikuma, Miyakubo, Namikata, Ōmishima, Ōnishi, Tamagawa, and Yoshiumi, and the villages of Asakura and Sekizen (all from Ochi District) were merged into Imabari. As a result, there are no more villages within Ehime Prefecture.

Government

Imabari has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 28 members. Imabari, together with Kamijima, contributes six members to the Ehime Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Ehime 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy

Imabari is home to a large number of shipbuilding and maritime servicing facilities along the northern and eastern coastlines of the city. Facilities include a small container port and maintenance and construction shipyards belonging to Imabari Shipbuilding, Japan's largest ship builder.

The port has also long been a trading center within Shikoku. The city is home to a large cotton processing industry, with particular emphasis on towels. The city produces around 60% of the towels made in Japan. As of 1998, there were over 200 towel production plants in the city. The city also specializes in the dyeing industry.

Education

Imabari has 26 public elementary schools and 15 public middle schools operated by the city government and one private combined elementary/middle school. The city has six public high schools operated by the Ehime Prefectural Board of Education and five private high schools. The prefecture also operates one special education school for the handicapped. The Imabari Meitoku Junior College is located in the city, as is the Okayama University of Science Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.

Transportation

Railways

Shikoku Railway Company - Yosan Line
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Highways

The Kurushima-Kaikyō Bridge, a toll road suspension bridge and integrated expressway, connects Imabari and Shikoku across a series of islands in the Seto Inland Sea to Hiroshima Prefecture. Opened in 1999 the bridge is part of the Shimanami Kaidō, a features both an expressway for road vehicles, as well as dedicated pedestrian and cycle lanes.

* Nishiseto Expressway
* Imabari-Komatsu Expressway
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Ports

* Port of Imabari

Sister cities

Imabari is twinned with:
* Panama City, Panama (since March 2, 1977)
* Lakeland, Florida, United States (since July 6, 1995)

Local attractions

* Imabari Castle, built in 1604. The castle is unusual in that seawater is used in its moat.
* Shikoku Pilgrimage temples #54 to #59: Emmei-ji, Nankō-bō, Taisan-ji, Eifuku-ji, Sen’yū-ji, and Iyo-Kokubun-ji.
* Toyo Ito Museum of Architecture, opened in 2011.

Notable people from Imabari

* Shikuichi Shigemi (1865–1928), novelist and academic, was born in Imabari. A teacher at Gakushuin and practiced as a medical physician in Tokyo. Wrote and published '' A Japanese Boy by Himself'' in 1889, while studying at Yale University.
* Kenzo Tange (1913–2005), noted modernist architect, born in Osaka, but spent much of his early school years in Imabari. Returned to design Imabari City Hall in 1958.
* Yuya Uemura (1994 - ), professional wrestler and former collegiate wrestler. New Japan Pro-Wrestling young lion.

References

External links

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{{Authority control

Cities in Ehime Prefecture
Port settlements in Japan
Populated coastal places in Japan