cricket Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striki ...

, an extra (sometimes called a sundry) is a

run Run(s) or RUN may refer to: Places * Run (island), one of the Banda Islands in Indonesia * Run (stream), a stream in the Dutch province of North Brabant People * Run (rapper), Joseph Simmons, now known as "Reverend Run", from the hip-hop group ...

scored by, or awarded to, a

batting Batting may refer to: * Batting (baseball), the act of attempting to hit a ball thrown by the pitcher with a baseball bat, in order to score runs * Batting (cricket), the act of defending one's wicket with the cricket bat while attempting to score ...

team which is not credited to any individual batsman. They are the runs scored by methods other than striking the

ball A ball is a round object (usually spherical, but can sometimes be ovoid) with several uses. It is used in ball games, where the play of the game follows the state of the ball as it is hit, kicked or thrown by players. Balls can also be used f ...

with the bat. The extras are tallied separately on the scorecard and count only towards the team's score. Giving away many extras is often considered as untidy

bowling Bowling is a target sport and recreational activity in which a player rolls a ball toward pins (in pin bowling) or another target (in target bowling). The term ''bowling'' usually refers to pin bowling (most commonly ten-pin bowling), though ...

. There are five types of extra:

no-ball In cricket, a no-ball is a type of illegal delivery to a batter (the other type being a wide). It is also a type of extra, being the run awarded to the batting team as a consequence of the illegal delivery. For most cricket games, especially a ...

(nb),

wide WIDE or Wide may refer to: *Wide (cricket) *Wide and narrow data, terms used to describe two different presentations for tabular data *WIDE Project, Widely Integrated Distributed Environment *Wide-angle Infinity Display Equipment *WIDE-LP, a radio ...

(w or wd), bye (b),

leg bye In cricket, a leg bye is a type of extra. It is a run scored by the batting team if the batter has not hit the ball with their bat, but the ball has hit the batter's body or protective gear. It is covered by Law 23 of the Laws of Cricket. Scori ...

(lb), and

penalty run In cricket, a penalty run is a type of extra. It is a run awarded to one team for various breaches of the Laws by the other team, generally related to unfair play or player conduct. Many of these penalties have been added since 2000. Penalties a ...

(pen).

Types of extras

Illegal deliveries

These are extras that are awarded because the bowler or fielders have violated certain rules in how they deliver the ball to the batsman (i.e. they are not bowling from far away enough, or the ball is out of the batsman's reach), or where they are positioned in the field. Most methods of dismissal can not occur on an illegal delivery. Illegal deliveries do not count towards the completion of the over they occur in, and thus in

limited overs cricket Limited overs cricket, also known as one-day cricket or white ball cricket, is a version of the sport of cricket in which a match is generally completed in one day. There are a number of formats, including List A cricket (8-hour games), Twenty ...

, illegal deliveries do not count toward the maximum number of deliveries to be bowled in the innings.

No-ball

An umpire may call a ''no-ball'' when the bowler or fielder commits an illegal action during bowling. The most common reason for a no-ball is overstepping the

popping crease In the sport of cricket, the crease is a certain area demarcated by white lines painted or chalked on the field of play, and pursuant to the rules of cricket they help determine legal play in different ways for the fielding and batting side. They ...

with the front foot. A rarer reason is when the bowler's back foot touches or lands outside the

return crease In the sport of cricket, the crease is a certain area demarcated by white lines painted or chalked on the field of play, and pursuant to the rules of cricket they help determine legal play in different ways for the fielding and batting side. They ...

. Other reasons include when a bowler throws (or ''chucks'') the ball (meaning significantly straightening the elbow during the delivery), or bowls a

full toss A full toss is a type of delivery in the sport of cricket. It describes any delivery that reaches the batsman without bouncing on the pitch first. A full toss which reaches the batsman above the waist is called a beamer. This is not a valid d ...

above waist high (a beamer), or for dangerous or unfair short pitched bowling. The penalty for a no-ball is one run (or, in some one-day competitions, two runs, and/or a

free hit In cricket, a free hit is a delivery to a batter in which the batter cannot be dismissed by any methods other than those applicable for a no-ball, namely run out, hit the ball twice and obstructing the field. It is relevant in One Day Internati ...

); furthermore, the no-ball does not count as one of the six in an

over Over may refer to: Places *Over, Cambridgeshire, England *Over, Cheshire, England *Over, South Gloucestershire, England * Over, Tewkesbury, near Gloucester, England ** Over Bridge *Over, Seevetal, Germany Music Albums * ''Over'' (album), by Pe ...

and an extra ball is bowled. The run awarded for the no-ball is an extra. Any additional runs scored by the batsman, whether by running or by a boundary, are included in the individual's score if scored off the bat, or byes or leg byes (whichever is appropriate) if not. These are in addition to the run awarded for the no-ball. If the no-ball would also be a

, it is only scored once, as a no-ball. Since the 1980s a no-ball has been scored against the bowler, making the bowling statistics more accurate.

Wide

A ball being delivered too far from the batsman to strike it, provided that no part of the batsman's body or equipment touches the ball, is called

by the umpire. A wide scores one run for the batting team as an extra. Additionally, a wide is not counted as one of the six balls in the over and a replacement is bowled. All wides are all added to the bowler's score.

Bye

If the ball is not struck by the batsman's bat (nor connects with any part of the batsman's body) the batsmen may still run if they choose. If the ball reaches the

boundary Boundary or Boundaries may refer to: * Border, in political geography Entertainment *Boundaries (2016 film), ''Boundaries'' (2016 film), a 2016 Canadian film *Boundaries (2018 film), ''Boundaries'' (2018 film), a 2018 American-Canadian road trip ...

, whether or not the batsmen ran, four byes are awarded. Any runs scored are scored as extras. Byes may be scored from no-balls as well as from legitimate deliveries. In modern cricket, byes are normally scored against the

wicket-keeper The wicket-keeper in the sport of cricket is the player on the fielding side who stands behind the wicket or stumps being watchful of the batsman and ready to take a catch, stump the batsman out and run out a batsman when occasion arises. Th ...

in their statistics.

Leg-bye

If the ball hits the batsman's body, then provided the batsman is not out

leg before wicket Leg before wicket (lbw) is one of the ways in which a batsman can be dismissed in the sport of cricket. Following an appeal by the fielding side, the umpire may rule a batter out lbw if the ball would have struck the wicket but was instead in ...

(lbw) ''and'' the batsman either tried to avoid being hit ''or'' tried to hit the ball with the bat, the batsmen may run. In this case, regardless of the part of anatomy touched by the ball, the runs scored are known as

leg-bye In cricket, a leg bye is a type of extra. It is a run scored by the batting team if the batter has not hit the ball with their bat, but the ball has hit the batter's body or protective gear. It is covered by Law 23 of the Laws of Cricket. Scorin ...

s. If (with the same provisos) the ball reaches the boundary, whether or not the batsmen ran, then four leg-byes are awarded. Leg-byes can be scored from no-balls or legitimate deliveries and are scored as extras. The hands holding the bat, and any gloves worn on them, are counted as part of the bat when they make contact with the ball; thus, runs scored off them are credited to the batsman and are not leg-byes. Unlike no-balls and wides, byes and leg-byes are not scored against the bowler.

Penalty runs

Penalty runs are awarded for various breaches of the Laws, generally related to unfair play or player conduct. Many of these penalties have been added since 2000. Penalties are awarded under Law 41 for Unfair Play and, since 2017 under Law 42 for Players' Conduct.

Records

The most extras in a

Test match Test match in some sports refers to a sporting contest between national representative teams and may refer to: * Test cricket * Test match (indoor cricket) * Test match (rugby union) * Test match (rugby league) * Test match (association football) ...

innings is 76 (35 byes, 26 leg byes, 0 wides, and 15 no balls), conceded by India against Pakistan in the 3rd Test in 2007. The most extras in a

One Day International A One Day International (ODI) is a form of limited overs cricket, played between two teams with international status, in which each team faces a fixed number of overs, currently 50, with the game lasting up to 9 hours. The Cricket World C ...

innings is 59, achieved twice against Pakistan: by West Indies in the 9th ODI in 1989 and by Scotland in the 1999 World Cup. The most extras in a

Twenty20 Twenty20 (T20) is a shortened game format of cricket. At the professional level, it was introduced by the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) in 2003 for the inter-county competition. In a Twenty20 game, the two teams have a single innin ...

innings is 40, achieved by

Lahore Eagles The Lahore Eagles was a Faysal Bank T20 Cup team, based in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The team was established in 2006 and its home ground was Gaddafi Stadium. See also * Pakistan Super League The Pakistan Super League (PSL) is a profession ...

against

Sialkot Stallions The Sialkot Stallions () was a National T20 Cup team, based in Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. The team was established in 2004 and its home ground was Jinnah Stadium located in Sialkot. The Stallions was the most successful team in Pakistani Twen ...

in the 2004-05 T20 Cup.

References

External links

{{More footnotes needed, date=May 2009 *''Wisden Cricketers' Almanack''
The official laws of cricket
Cricket laws and regulations Cricket terminology Scoring (cricket) Cricket