Igor Mikhailovich Diakonoff (occasionally spelled Diakonov, russian: link=no, И́горь Миха́йлович Дья́конов; 12 January 1915 – 2 May 1999) was a Russian historian,
linguist
Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects of language, particularly its nature and structure. Linguis ...
, and translator and a renowned expert on the
Ancient Near East
The ancient Near East was the home of early civilizations within a region roughly corresponding to the modern Middle East: Mesopotamia (modern Iraq, southeast Turkey, southwest Iran and northeastern Syria), ancient Egypt, ancient Iran ( Elam, ...
and its languages. His brothers were also distinguished historians.
Life and career
Diakonoff was brought up in
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the ...
. He graduated from Leningrad State University (now
Saint Petersburg State University) in 1938. In the same year he joined the staff of the
Hermitage Museum
The State Hermitage Museum ( rus, Государственный Эрмитаж, r=Gosudarstvennyj Ermitaž, p=ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)ɨj ɪrmʲɪˈtaʂ, links=no) is a museum of art and culture in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is the largest ...
in Leningrad (now
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
). In 1949, he published a comprehensive study of
Assyria
Assyria ( Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: , romanized: ''māt Aššur''; syc, ܐܬܘܪ, ʾāthor) was a major ancient Mesopotamian civilization which existed as a city-state at times controlling regional territories in the indigenous lands of the ...
, followed in 1956 by a
monograph on
Media
Media may refer to:
Communication
* Media (communication), tools used to deliver information or data
** Advertising media, various media, content, buying and placement for advertising
** Broadcast media, communications delivered over mass e ...
. Later on, he teamed up with the linguist
Sergei Starostin
Sergei Anatolyevich Starostin (russian: Серге́й Анато́льевич Ста́ростин; March 24, 1953 – September 30, 2005) was a Russian historical linguist and philologist, perhaps best known for his reconstructions of hypothet ...
to produce authoritative studies of the
Caucasian
Caucasian may refer to:
Anthropology
*Anything from the Caucasus region
**
**
** ''Caucasian Exarchate'' (1917–1920), an ecclesiastical exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Caucasus region
*
*
*
Languages
* Northwest Caucasian l ...
,
Afroasiatic
The Afroasiatic languages (or Afro-Asiatic), also known as Hamito-Semitic, or Semito-Hamitic, and sometimes also as Afrasian, Erythraean or Lisramic, are a language family of about 300 languages that are spoken predominantly in the geographic su ...
, and
Hurro-Urartian languages
The Hurro-Urartian languages are an extinct language family of the Ancient Near East, comprising only two known languages: Hurrian and Urartian.
Origins
It is often assumed that the Hurro-Urartian languages (or a pre-split Proto-Hurro-Urartian ...
.
Diakonoff was honored in 2003 with a
festschrift
In academia, a ''Festschrift'' (; plural, ''Festschriften'' ) is a book honoring a respected person, especially an academic, and presented during their lifetime. It generally takes the form of an edited volume, containing contributions from the h ...
volume published in his memory, edited by
Lionel Bender
Marvin Lionel Bender (August 18, 1934 – February 19, 2008) was an American linguist.
Life
Bender was born August 18, 1934, in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania. He travelled throughout the world, particularly in Northeast Africa, and was an accompli ...
, Gábor Takács, and
David Appleyard. In addition to articles on Afro-Asiatic languages, it contains a five-page list of his publications compiled by Takács.
Family
Diakonoff's family members are known for their contributions to various fields of knowledge, both sciences and humanities.
His wife and two sons became well-known researchers and achieved ranks of full professors.
Brother's family
* Igor's brother Mikhail Mikhailovich Diakonoff was an authority
in
Iranian studies
Iranian studies ( fa, ايرانشناسی '), also referred to as Iranology and Iranistics, is an interdisciplinary field dealing with the research and study of the civilization, history, literature, art and culture of Iranian peoples. It ...
.
* Mikhail Diakonoff's daughter Elena Diakonova is a translator
from Old and Modern Japanese.
Wives
Igor's first wife
Nina Dyakonova (1915–2013) was an historian and critic of English literature, with a special interest in English Romantic poetry of the early 19th century (
Keats
John Keats (31 October 1795 – 23 February 1821) was an English poet of the second generation of Romantic poets, with Lord Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley. His poems had been in publication for less than four years when he died of tuberculos ...
,
Byron
George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron (22 January 1788 – 19 April 1824), known simply as Lord Byron, was an English romantic poet and peer. He was one of the leading figures of the Romantic movement, and has been regarded as among the ...
,
Shelley) and its reception in European and
Russian literature. A student of Professors
Viktor Zhirmunsky
The name Victor or Viktor may refer to:
* Victor (name), including a list of people with the given name, mononym, or surname
Arts and entertainment
Film
* ''Victor'' (1951 film), a French drama film
* ''Victor'' (1993 film), a French shor ...
and Mikhail Alexeyev, she was a professor at her alma mater
Saint Petersburg State University, and later, teacher-training
Herzen University.
Second wife
Ninel Yankovskaya (1925–2005) was a historian, assyriologist in the State
Hermitage Museum
The State Hermitage Museum ( rus, Государственный Эрмитаж, r=Gosudarstvennyj Ermitaž, p=ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)ɨj ɪrmʲɪˈtaʂ, links=no) is a museum of art and culture in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is the largest ...
.
Sons
Igor's sons became prominent physicists.
*
Mikhail Dyakonov
Mikhail (Michel) Dyakonov (born 1940 in Leningrad) is a Russian professor of physics at Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université Montpellier - CNRS in France.
Career
His name is connected with several physical phenomena: Dyakonov–Perel ...
(born 1940) – Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Chief Researcher\Honorary Fellow of the St. Petersburg Abram
Ioffe Physicotechnical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and after that, since 1998 professor at the
University of Montpellier
The University of Montpellier (french: Université de Montpellier) is a public research university located in Montpellier, in south-east of France. Established in 1220, the University of Montpellier is one of the oldest universities in the wor ...
, laureate of the
State Prize of the USSR
The USSR State Prize (russian: links=no, Государственная премия СССР, Gosudarstvennaya premiya SSSR) was the Soviet Union's state honor. It was established on 9 September 1966. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, t ...
;
*
(1949–2012) – Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Deputy Head of the Sector of Theoretical Physics of High Energies, Professor B. P. Konstantinov St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Selected bibliography
* 1965. ''Semito-Hamitic Languages''. Moscow: Nauka.
* 1984. Co-authored with V. P. Neroznak. ''Phrygian''. Delmar, New York: Caravan Books.
* 1985. "On the original home of the speakers of Indo-European". ''Journal of Indo-European Studies'' 13, pp. 92–174.
* 1986. Co-authored with Sergei A. Starostin. ''Hurro-Urartian as an Eastern Caucasian Language''. Munich: R. Kitzinger.
* 1988. ''Afrasian Languages''. Moscow: Nauka.
* 1992. Co-authored with Olga Stolbova and Alexander Militarev. ''Proto-Afrasian and Old Akkadian: A Study in Historical Phonetics''. Princeton: Institute of Semitic Studies.
* 1995. ''Archaic Myths of the Orient and the Occident''. Acta universitatis gothoburgensis.
* 1999. ''The Paths of History''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sources
* Dandamayev, M.A., Mogens T. Larsen, and J. Nicholas Postgate (editors). 1982. ''Societies and Languages of the Ancient Near East: Studies in Honour of I.M. Diakonoff.'' Warminster: Aris and Philipps.
* Bender, M. Lionel and Gábor Takács (editors). 2003. ''Selected Comparative-Historical Afrasian Linguistic Studies in Memory of Igor M. Diakonoff.'' Munich: Lincom Europa.
References
External links
Article on Diakonoffat ''
Encyclopædia Iranica
''Encyclopædia Iranica'' is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.
Scope
The ''Encyc ...
''
Diakonoff as a translator
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Diakonov, Igor
1915 births
1999 deaths
Writers from Saint Petersburg
People from Sankt-Peterburgsky Uyezd
Russian historians
Russian orientalists
Linguists from Russia
Linguists from the Soviet Union
Paleolinguists
Soviet historians
20th-century translators
Linguists of Caucasian languages
Linguists of Afroasiatic languages
Linguists of Hurro-Urartian languages
Indo-Europeanists
Linguists of Indo-European languages
Burials at Bogoslovskoe Cemetery
20th-century linguists