IAME Rastrojero

The Rastrojero is a small utility pickup truck (taxis were also developed) with a capacity of half-ton designed by Raúl Gómez and built by the Argentine government-owned airplane (and vehicle) manufacturer IAME (''Industrias Aeronáuticas y Mecánicas del Estado'') from 1952 to 1980. It owes its name to its purpose of being driven on crop residue (''rastrojos''). Over 33,000 of these trucks were manufactured.Producción de Automotores-Rastrojero
(in Spanish) - Accessed 03/11/2011

First generation (1952-1969)

The Rastrojero was developed by the state owned Industrias Aeronáuticas y Mecánicas del Estado during the epoch of stimulus to the local work force and support to domestic industry under the presidency of General Juan Domingo Perón. For the production of this vehicle, IAME used parts from Empire Tractors, which had been purchased from the United States a few years after end of World War II. These initial tractors had some design problems, and were eventually discontinued. Finally, these tractors were converted by a group of technicians and engineers who worked on making the new truck.
The original Rastrojero pickup truck first rolled off the assembly line in 1952. From 1952 to 1954, a Willys-Overland 2,199 cm³ (134 cu in) gasoline engine from the Empire Tractor purchase were used and, starting in 1954, a 42 horsepower Borgward D4M diesel engine of 1758 cm³ with indirect injection.

Particular attention was given to the front fender design, bearing in mind that it would be a vehicle for the rural and off road use. The fender lines were designed similar in shape to the ones used at the time for Turismo Carretera road racing, so the vehicle would not collect excessive amounts of mud under the fenders.

Second generation (1968-1979)

In 1968, the Rastrojero's body got a complete redesign. The new model's styling was more car-like with the aspect of a tougher vehicle. Its design featured a bodywork made entirely of steel with fully floating cab and separate cargo section for the two door models while the cab and box were built into an integrated assembly for the four doors models. However, there were also models that still had flat beds with wooden boxes and drop-sides. In addition to its aesthetics, its powertrain had been modified as well. The new model came equipped with an Indenor XD 4.88 52hp 4-cylinder diesel engine sourced from Peugeot, with a 4-speed gear box. Despite this motor change, Borgward continued to provide transmissions.

In 1974, minor redesign changes were made on the front and rear of the body.

Despite several attempts by the Ministry of Aeronautics and Defense to stop their production, the Rastrojero's production continued. The engineers, technicians and employees of the factory, fearing production would be shut down, were guaranteed its production until 1979. During this time, the evolution of the body was nil because of these attempts to cut its production. In spite of that, there was still significant evolution of its power plant, beginning with gasoline engines getting 65HP, passing up the Borgward diesel with 42HP and ending with the Indenor XD2 diesel with 68HP. IME Rastrojero, p. 17
- Accessed 03/23/2011

Also, the factory at the time had offered different models based on the Rastrojero; highlighted among those is a truck similar to the standard front IKA, a van based on this truck, and the Rastrojero Conosur, a car based on the second generation Rastrojero that was designed exclusively to be used in taxi fleets.

By instruction from the government's National Reorganization Process prevailing in Argentina, the production of the Rastrojero and all of its derivatives ended in 1980.

See also

* IAME (State Aeronautical and Mechanical Industries)
* Rastrojero Conosur Taxi
* Willys-Overland Truck
* Ñandú (jeep)

References

External links

www.empiretractor.com

www.classiccar.com



{{Automotive industry in Argentina

Pickup trucks
Vehicles introduced in 1952
Cars of Argentina