Izz al-Din (died September 29, 1382) was the Mihrabanid

malik Malik, Mallik, Melik, Malka, Malek, Maleek, Malick, Mallick, or Melekh ( phn, 𐤌𐤋𐤊; ar, ملك; he, מֶלֶךְ) is the Semitic term translating to "king", recorded in East Semitic and Arabic, and as mlk in Northwest Semitic duri ...

of Sistan from 1352 until 1380. He was the son of

Rukn al-Din Mahmud The Five Pillars of Islam (' ; also ' "pillars of the religion") are fundamental practices in Islam, considered to be obligatory acts of worship for all Muslims. They are summarized in the famous hadith of Gabriel. The Sunni and Shia agree ...

Biography

Izz al-Din was appointed as malik by the notables of Sistan in 1352 after the death of

Jalal al-Din Mahmud Jalal al-Din Mahmud (died 1352) was the Mihrabanid malik of Sistan from 1350 until his death. He was the son of Rukn al-Din Mahmud. Biography Jalal al-Din came to power as the result of a conspiracy that unseated the malik Taj al-Din ibn Qutb al- ...

. Soon after his ascension, a conflict broke out between him and his cousin Muhammad ibn Nusrat al-Din Muhammad, who was governor of the town of Uq and commanded a large degree of support in northern Sistan. Muhammad rebuilt several fortresses and seized

crown lands Crown land (sometimes spelled crownland), also known as royal domain, is a territorial area belonging to the monarch, who personifies the Crown. It is the equivalent of an entailed estate and passes with the monarchy, being inseparable from it. ...

in his locality. Civil war quickly erupted, during which the canals and agricultural fields of Sistan were damaged and famine became a serious problem. In the midst of this war 'Izz al-Din granted refuge in 1363/1364 to Timur Barlas, who had recently been expelled from Transoxiana. In Izz al-Din's later years popular discontent began to grow against his vizier, Muhammad 'Ata'. The opposition was soon joined by Izz al-Din's son,

Qutb al-Din Qutb ad-Din or Qutb-ud-Din ( ar, قطب‌ الدین, translit=quṭb ad-dīn; ) is an Arabic male given name translated as 'the pivot of the faith' or 'axis of the faith'. Notable people with this given name include: *Qutb al-din Hasan (died 110 ...

. One day, while the malik was on a hunting trip, a Shahr-i Sistan mob overran the citadel and killed the vizier. Qutb al-Din and his supporters then battled Izz al-Din's forces and defeated them. The malik was captured and exiled. Izz al-Din, intent on recovering his throne, made his way to Herat and gained the support of the Kartid malik Giyath al-Din Pir 'Ali. Together with the malik of Farah, Iksandar ibn Inaltigin, Izz al-Din and a Kartid force invaded Sistan in the spring of 1380. Qutb al-Din, seeing many of his supporters abandon him, decided to flee, enabling Izz al-Din to retake Shahr-i Sistan. Qutb al-Din, however, was invited by several nobles and military commanders to return; upon doing so he defeated Izz al-Din and Iksandar and forced them to leave Sistan. At this point Izz al-Din's desire to maintain his rule weakened; he returned to Sistan and renounced the throne in favor of his son. He died two years later, in 1382.

References

* Bosworth, C.E. ''The History of the Saffarids of Sistan and the Maliks of Nimruz (247/861 to 949/1542-3)''. Costa Mesa, California: Mazda Publishers, 1994. Year of birth unknown 1382 deaths Mihrabanids 14th-century Iranian people {{Iran-royal-stub