Ivan Trush ( uk, Іван Труш, pronounced as ''Troosh'': 1869–1941) was a

Ukrainian Ukrainian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Ukraine * Something relating to Ukrainians, an East Slavic people from Eastern Europe * Something relating to demographics of Ukraine in terms of demography and population of Ukraine * So ...

impressionist Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement characterized by relatively small, thin, yet visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage ...

painter, a master of landscape and portraiture, an art critic, and active community patron of arts in Galicia or ''Halychyna'' - a historical region in western

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

. He was a son in law of

Mykhailo Drahomanov Mykhailo Petrovych Drahomanov ( ukr, Михайло Петрович Драгоманов; 18 September 1841 – 2 July 1895) was a Ukrainian intellectual and public figure. As an academic, Drahomanov was an economist, historian, philosopher, and ...

Biography

Trush was born in 1869 in Vysotsko (today in Zolochiv Raion,

Lviv Oblast Lviv Oblast ( uk, Льві́вська о́бласть, translit=Lvivska oblast, ), also referred to as Lvivshchyna ( uk, Льві́вщина, ), ). The name of each oblast is a wikt:Appendix:Glossary#relational, relational adjective—in Englis ...

). His studies were undertaken between 1891 and 1897 at the Kraków Academy of Art under Jan Stanisławski and

Leon Wyczółkowski Leon Jan Wyczółkowski (; 24 April 1852 – 27 December 1936) was one of the leading Painting, painters of the Young Poland movement, as well as the principal representative of Polish Realism (arts), Realism in art of Polish culture in the Inter ...

. Trush also studied in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

(1894) and in

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...

(1897).''Spirit of Ukraine: 500 Years of Painting.'' Winnipeg Art Gallery. 1991, pg. 252 . Starting from 1898, Trush lived and worked in

Lviv Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in western Ukraine, and the seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukraine ...

where he became acquainted with

Ivan Franko Ivan Yakovych Franko (Ukrainian: Іван Якович Франко, pronounced ˈwɑn ˈjɑkowɪtʃ frɐnˈkɔ 27 August 1856 – 28 May 1916) was a Ukrainian poet, writer, social and literary critic, journalist, interpreter, economist, ...

, a poet and writer. In 1899, his first art exhibit was presented to the public in Lviv. It was at this time that Trush became involved with the

Shevchenko Scientific Society The Shevchenko Scientific Society () is a Ukrainian scientific society devoted to the promotion of scholarly research and publication that was founded in 1873. Unlike the government-funded National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the society ...

, for which he completed "a number of works of art, primarily portraits". Trush's travels took him to

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...

, and

Palestine __NOTOC__ Palestine may refer to: * State of Palestine, a state in Western Asia * Palestine (region), a geographic region in Western Asia * Palestinian territories, territories occupied by Israel since 1967, namely the West Bank (including East ...

. When back at home, Trush founded and organized the first professional art societies in Galicia, the ''Society for the Development of Rus' Art'' (1898), the ''Society of Friends of Ukrainian Art'' (1905) and its first exhibition of Ukrainian artists, which drew participation from Kiev-based artists. The painter's activism, vast and dynamic creative output, numbered over 6,000 works, inspired a rebirth of painting in Galicia. Trush died in

in 1941.

Contributions to arts

Ivan Trush, one of the most prominent Ukrainian impressionists, began his work with the rebirth of Galician painting. He – alongside such figures as ethnographers Volodymyr Hnatyuk and

Filaret Kolessa Filaret Mykhailovych Kolessa ( uk, Філарет Михайлович Колесса; 17 July 18713 March 1947) was a Ukrainian composer ethnographer, folklorist, musicologist and literary critic. He was a member of the Shevchenko Scientific S ...

, poet

, the museum's first director Illarion Svientsitsky – played a leading role in the establishment of the

Lviv National Museum The Andrey Sheptytsky National Museum of Lviv ( uk, Національний музей у Львові імені Андрея Шептицького) is one of Ukraine's largest museums, dedicated to Ukrainian culture in all its manifestations. I ...

. In his lifetime, Trush created a multitude of portraits of famous Ukrainians. Among these are writers

Vasyl Stefanyk Vasyl Semenovych Stefanyk ( uk, Васи́ль Семе́нович Стефа́ник; May 14, 1871 – December 7, 1936) was an influential Ukrainian modernist writer and political activist. He was a member of the Austrian parliament from 1 ...

and Ivan Franko, poet

Lesya Ukrainka Lesya Ukrainka ( uk, Леся Українка ; born Larysa Petrivna Kosach, uk, Лариса Петрівна Косач; – ) was one of Ukrainian literature's foremost writers, best known for her poems and plays. She was also an active ...

, political theorist

, composer

Mykola Lysenko Mykola Vitaliyovych Lysenko ( uk, Мико́ла Віта́лійович Ли́сенко; 22 March 1842 – 6 November 1912) was a List of Ukrainian composers, Ukrainian composer, pianist, conductor and ethnomusicologist of the late Romantic mus ...

, and linguist P. Zhytetskyi. In the late 1930s, Ivan Trush's painting "Landscape from the outskirts of Naples" was presented to the National Museum in Kraków. During the Second World War, more than 120 paintings, including this work by I. Trush, disappeared from the museum without a trace. These paintings were included in the database of war losses of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of Poland. In March 2018, this painting and two other works by Polish masters appeared in the list of lots of one of the Warsaw auctions. This finding indicates that the paintings stolen by the Germans probably never left the country, but became objects of looting and theft in post-war Poland.

Legacy

One of the streets in the city of

Ivano-Frankivsk Ivano-Frankivsk ( uk, Іва́но-Франкі́вськ, translit=Iváno-Frankívśk ), formerly Stanyslaviv ( pl, Stanisławów ; german: Stanislau), is a city located in Western Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of Ivano-Frankivsk O ...

is named after him. It connects the city Market Square with Mickewicz Square. In December 2022 the

Mikhail Prishvin Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin (russian: Михаи́л Миха́йлович При́швин) (January 23 ( N.S. February 4), 1873 – January 16, 1954) was a Russian and Soviet novelist, prose writer and publicist. Prishvin defined it this wa ...

street in

Kyiv Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...

was renamed to Ivan Trush street.

References

External links

A set of postcards by Ivan Trush
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Trush, Ivan 1869 births 1941 deaths Burials at Lychakiv Cemetery Ukrainian Impressionist painters Ukrainian ethnographers Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts alumni People from Lviv Oblast Artists from Lviv Members of the Shevchenko Scientific Society Ukrainian Austro-Hungarians People from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria