Naturally occurring

vanadium Vanadium is a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery-grey, malleable transition metal. The elemental metal is rarely found in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer ( pas ...

(₂₃V) is composed of one stable

isotope Isotopes are two or more types of atoms that have the same atomic number (number of protons in their nuclei) and position in the periodic table (and hence belong to the same chemical element), and that differ in nucleon numbers (mass numbers) ...

⁵¹V and one radioactive isotope ⁵⁰V with a

half-life Half-life (symbol ) is the time required for a quantity (of substance) to reduce to half of its initial value. The term is commonly used in nuclear physics to describe how quickly unstable atoms undergo radioactive decay or how long stable ato ...

of 1.5×10¹⁷ years. 24 artificial

radioisotope A radionuclide (radioactive nuclide, radioisotope or radioactive isotope) is a nuclide that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable. This excess energy can be used in one of three ways: emitted from the nucleus as gamma radiation; transferr ...

s have been characterized (in the range of

mass number The mass number (symbol ''A'', from the German word ''Atomgewicht'' tomic weight, also called atomic mass number or nucleon number, is the total number of protons and neutrons (together known as nucleons) in an atomic nucleus. It is approxima ...

between 40 and 65) with the most stable being ⁴⁹V with a half-life of 330 days, and ⁴⁸V with a half-life of 15.9735 days. All of the remaining

radioactive Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity, radioactive disintegration, or nuclear disintegration) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation. A material containing unstable nuclei is consid ...

isotopes have half-lives shorter than an hour, the majority of them below 10 seconds, the least stable being ⁴²V with a half-life shorter than 55 nanoseconds, with all of the isotopes lighter than it, and none of the heavier, have unknown half-lives. In 4 isotopes, metastable excited states were found (including 2 metastable states for ⁶⁰V), which adds up to 5 meta states. The primary

decay mode Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity, radioactive disintegration, or nuclear disintegration) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation. A material containing unstable nuclei is consid ...

before the most abundant stable isotope ⁵¹V is

electron capture Electron capture (K-electron capture, also K-capture, or L-electron capture, L-capture) is a process in which the proton-rich nucleus of an electrically neutral atom absorbs an inner atomic electron, usually from the K or L electron shells. Thi ...

. The next most common mode is

beta decay In nuclear physics, beta decay (β-decay) is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle (fast energetic electron or positron) is emitted from an atomic nucleus, transforming the original nuclide to an isobar of that nuclide. For ...

. The primary

decay product In nuclear physics, a decay product (also known as a daughter product, daughter isotope, radio-daughter, or daughter nuclide) is the remaining nuclide left over from radioactive decay. Radioactive decay often proceeds via a sequence of steps ( ...

s before ⁵¹V are element 22 (

titanium Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Found in nature only as an oxide, it can be reduced to produce a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength, resistant to corrosion in ...

) isotopes and the primary products after are element 24 (

chromium Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in group 6. It is a steely-grey, lustrous, hard, and brittle transition metal. Chromium metal is valued for its high corrosion resistance and hardne ...

) isotopes.

List of isotopes

, - , ⁴⁰V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 17 , 40.01109(54)# , , p , ³⁹Ti , 2−# , , , - , ⁴¹V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 18 , 40.99978(22)# , , p , ⁴⁰Ti , 7/2−# , , , - , ⁴²V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 19 , 41.99123(21)# , <55 ns , p , ⁴¹Ti , 2−# , , , - , ⁴³V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 20 , 42.98065(25)# , 80# ms , β⁺ , ⁴³Ti , 7/2−# , , , - , rowspan=2, ⁴⁴V , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 23 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 21 , rowspan=2, 43.97411(13) , rowspan=2, 111(7) ms , β⁺ (>99.9%) , ⁴⁴Ti , rowspan=2, (2+) , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺, α (<.1%) , ⁴⁰Ca , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^44mV , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 270(100)# keV , 150(3) ms , β⁺ , ⁴⁴Ti , (6+) , , , - , ⁴⁵V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 22 , 44.965776(18) , 547(6) ms , β⁺ , ⁴⁵Ti , 7/2− , , , - , ⁴⁶V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 23 , 45.9602005(11) , 422.50(11) ms , β⁺ , ⁴⁶Ti , 0+ , , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^46mV , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 801.46(10) keV , 1.02(7) ms , IT , ⁴⁶V , 3+ , , , - , ⁴⁷V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 24 , 46.9549089(9) , 32.6(3) min , β⁺ , ⁴⁷Ti , 3/2− , , , - , ⁴⁸V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 25 , 47.9522537(27) , 15.9735(25) d , β⁺ , ⁴⁸Ti , 4+ , , , - , ⁴⁹V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 26 , 48.9485161(12) , 329(3) d , EC , ⁴⁹Ti , 7/2− , , , - , rowspan=2, ⁵⁰V Primordial

radionuclide A radionuclide (radioactive nuclide, radioisotope or radioactive isotope) is a nuclide that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable. This excess energy can be used in one of three ways: emitted from the nucleus as gamma radiation; transfer ...

, rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 23 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 27 , rowspan=2, 49.9471585(11) , rowspan=2, 1.4(4)×10¹⁷ y , EC (83%) , ⁵⁰Ti , rowspan=2, 6+ , rowspan=2, 0.00250(4) , rowspan=2, 0.002487–0.002502 , - , β⁻ (17%) , ⁵⁰Cr , - , ⁵¹V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 28 , 50.9439595(11) , colspan=3 align=center, Stable , 7/2− , 0.99750(4) , 0.997498–0.997513 , See V-51 nuclear magnetic resonance , - , ⁵²V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 29 , 51.9447755(11) , 3.743(5) min , β⁻ , ⁵²Cr , 3+ , , , - , ⁵³V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 30 , 52.944338(3) , 1.60(4) min , β⁻ , ⁵³Cr , 7/2− , , , - , ⁵⁴V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 31 , 53.946440(16) , 49.8(5) s , β⁻ , ⁵⁴Cr , 3+ , , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^54mV , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 108(3) keV , 900(500) ns , , , (5+) , , , - , ⁵⁵V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 32 , 54.94723(11) , 6.54(15) s , β⁻ , ⁵⁵Cr , (7/2−)# , , , - , rowspan=2, ⁵⁶V , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 23 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 33 , rowspan=2, 55.95053(22) , rowspan=2, 216(4) ms , β⁻ (>99.9%) , ⁵⁶Cr , rowspan=2, (1+) , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n , ⁵⁵Cr , - , rowspan=2, ⁵⁷V , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 23 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 34 , rowspan=2, 56.95256(25) , rowspan=2, 0.35(1) s , β⁻ (>99.9%) , ⁵⁷Cr , rowspan=2, (3/2−) , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (<.1%) , ⁵⁶Cr , - , rowspan=2, ⁵⁸V , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 23 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 35 , rowspan=2, 57.95683(27) , rowspan=2, 191(8) ms , β⁻ (>99.9%) , ⁵⁸Cr , rowspan=2, 3+# , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (<.1%) , ⁵⁷Cr , - , rowspan=2, ⁵⁹V , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 23 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 36 , rowspan=2, 58.96021(33) , rowspan=2, 75(7) ms , β⁻ (>99.9%) , ⁵⁹Cr , rowspan=2, 7/2−# , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (<.1%) , ⁵⁸Cr , - , rowspan=2, ⁶⁰V , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 23 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 37 , rowspan=2, 59.96503(51) , rowspan=2, 122(18) ms , β⁻ (>99.9%) , ⁶⁰Cr , rowspan=2, 3+# , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (<.1%) , ⁵⁹Cr , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^60m1V , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 0(150)# keV , 40(15) ms , , , 1+# , , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^60m2V , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 101(1) keV , >400 ns , , , , , , - , ⁶¹V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 38 , 60.96848(43)# , 47.0(12) ms , β⁻ , ⁶¹Cr , 7/2−# , , , - , ⁶²V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 39 , 61.97378(54)# , 33.5(20) ms , β⁻ , ⁶²Cr , 3+# , , , - , ⁶³V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 40 , 62.97755(64)# , 17(3) ms , β⁻ , ⁶³Cr , (7/2−)# , , , - , ⁶⁴V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 41 , 63.98347(75)# , 10# ms 300 ns, , , , , , - , ⁶⁵V , style="text-align:right" , 23 , style="text-align:right" , 42 , 64.98792(86)# , 10# ms , , , 5/2−# , ,

References

* Isotope masses from: ** * Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from: ** ** * Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. ** ** ** * History of discovery: A. Shore, A. Fritsch, M. Heim, A. Schuh, M. Thoennessen. Discovery of the Vanadium Isotopes
arXiv:0907.1994
(2009). {{Navbox element isotopes Vanadium

Vanadium Vanadium is a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery-grey, malleable transition metal. The elemental metal is rarely found in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer ( pas ...