Isoproscaline or 4-isopropoxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine is an
analog
Analog or analogue may refer to:
Computing and electronics
* Analog signal, in which information is encoded in a continuous variable
** Analog device, an apparatus that operates on analog signals
*** Analog electronics, circuits which use analog ...
of
mescaline
Mescaline or mescalin (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a naturally occurring psychedelic protoalkaloid of the substituted phenethylamine class, known for its hallucinogenic effects comparable to those of LSD and psilocybin.
Biological sou ...
. It is closely related to
proscaline
Proscaline (4-propoxy-3,5-DMPEA) is a psychedelic and hallucinogenic drug. It has structural properties similar to the drugs mescaline, isoproscaline, and escaline. In '' PiHKAL'', Alexander Shulgin reports that a dose of 30–60 mg produce ...
and was first synthesized by
David E. Nichols
David Earl Nichols (born December 23, 1944, Covington, Kentucky) is an Americans, American pharmacologist and medicinal chemist.
Previously the Robert C. and Charlotte P. Anderson Distinguished Chair in Pharmacology at Purdue University, Nichol ...
. It produces
hallucinogenic
Hallucinogens are a large, diverse class of psychoactive drugs that can produce altered states of consciousness characterized by major alterations in thought, mood, and perception as well as other changes. Most hallucinogens can be categorize ...
,
psychedelic
Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary states of consciousness (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips").Pollan, Michael (2018). ''How to Change Your Mind: What the New Science of ...
, and
entheogen
Entheogens are psychoactive substances that induce alterations in perception, mood (psychology), mood, consciousness, cognition, or behavior for the purposes of engendering spiritual development or otherwiseRätsch, Christian, ''The Encyclop ...
ic effects.
Chemistry
Isoproscaline is in a class of compounds commonly known as
phenethylamine
Phenethylamine (PEA) is an organic compound, natural monoamine alkaloid, and trace amine, which acts as a central nervous system stimulant in humans. In the brain, phenethylamine regulates monoamine neurotransmission by binding to trace amin ...
s, and the full chemical name is 2-(4-isopropoxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine.
Effects
Little is known about the
psychopharmacological
Psychopharmacology (from Ancient Greek, Greek grc, wiktionary:ψῡχή, ψῡχή, psȳkhē, breath, life, soul, label=none; grc, wiktionary:φάρμακον, φάρμακον, pharmakon, drug, label=none; and grc, wiktionary:-λογία, - ...
effects of isoproscaline. In his book ''
PiHKAL'',
Alexander Shulgin
Alexander Theodore "Sasha" Shulgin (June 17, 1925 – June 2, 2014) was an American medicinal chemist, biochemist, organic chemist, pharmacologist, psychopharmacologist, and author. He is credited with introducing 3,4-methylenedioxymethamph ...
lists a psychedelic dosage as being 40–80 mg, with effects lasting 10–16 hours.
Isoproscaline entry in PiHKAL
/ref>
Pharmacology
The mechanism that produces the hallucinogenic and entheogenic effects of isoproscaline is most likely to result from action as a 5-HT2A serotonin receptor
5-HT receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors, or serotonin receptors, are a group of G protein-coupled receptor and ligand-gated ion channels found in the central and peripheral nervous systems. They mediate both excitatory and inhibitory neur ...
agonist
An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response. Receptors are cellular proteins whose activation causes the cell to modify what it is currently doing. In contrast, an antagonist blocks the action of the ago ...
in the brain, a mechanism of action shared by all of the hallucinogenic tryptamines and phenethylamines
Substituted phenethylamines (or simply phenethylamines) are a chemical class of organic compounds that are based upon the phenethylamine structure; the class is composed of all the derivative compounds of phenethylamine which can be formed by ...
.
Dangers
The toxicity of isoproscaline is not known.
Legality
Isoproscaline is unscheduled in the United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
; however, because of its close similarity in structure and effects to mescaline
Mescaline or mescalin (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a naturally occurring psychedelic protoalkaloid of the substituted phenethylamine class, known for its hallucinogenic effects comparable to those of LSD and psilocybin.
Biological sou ...
, possession and sale of isoproscaline may be subject to prosecution under the Federal Analog Act
The Federal Analogue Act, , is a section of the United States Controlled Substances Act passed in 1986 which allows any chemical "substantially similar" to a controlled substance listed in Controlled Substances Act#Schedule I controlled substance ...
.
In the UK, its highly likely that this compound would be covered by the "phenylethylamine amendment" to the misuse of drugs act likely rendering it a Class A controlled drug.
See also
*Proscaline
Proscaline (4-propoxy-3,5-DMPEA) is a psychedelic and hallucinogenic drug. It has structural properties similar to the drugs mescaline, isoproscaline, and escaline. In '' PiHKAL'', Alexander Shulgin reports that a dose of 30–60 mg produce ...
References
{{Hallucinogenic phenethylamines
Psychedelic phenethylamines
Designer drugs
Phenol ethers
Mescalines