Isaiah 29 is the twenty-ninth chapter of the

Book of Isaiah The Book of Isaiah ( he, ספר ישעיהו, ) is the first of the Latter Prophets in the Hebrew Bible and the first of the Major Prophets in the Christian Old Testament. It is identified by a superscription as the words of the 8th-century BC ...

in the

Hebrew Bible The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (;"Tanach"
''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''. Hebrew: ''Tān ...

or the

Old Testament The Old Testament (often abbreviated OT) is the first division of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, a collection of ancient religious Hebrew writings by the Israelites. The ...

of the

Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...

. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet

Isaiah Isaiah ( or ; he, , ''Yəšaʿyāhū'', "God is Salvation"), also known as Isaias, was the 8th-century BC Israelite prophet after whom the Book of Isaiah is named. Within the text of the Book of Isaiah, Isaiah himself is referred to as "the ...

, and is a part of the Book of the Prophets. The

Jerusalem Bible ''The Jerusalem Bible'' (JB or TJB) is an English translation of the Bible published in 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd. As a Catholic Bible, it includes 73 books: the 39 books shared with the Hebrew Bible, along with the seven deuterocanonical ...

groups chapters 28-35 together as a collection of "poems on Israel and Judah".

Text

The original text was written in

Hebrew language Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...

. This chapter is divided into 24 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in

Hebrew Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...

are of the

Masoretic Text The Masoretic Text (MT or 𝕸; he, נֻסָּח הַמָּסוֹרָה, Nūssāḥ Hammāsōrā, lit. 'Text of the Tradition') is the authoritative Hebrew and Aramaic text of the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) in Rabbinic Judaism. ...

tradition, which includes the

Codex Cairensis The Codex Cairensis (also: ''Codex Prophetarum Cairensis'', ''Cairo Codex of the Prophets'') is a Hebrew manuscript containing the complete text of the Hebrew Bible's Nevi'im (Prophets). It has traditionally been described as "the oldest dated He ...

(895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916),

Aleppo Codex The Aleppo Codex ( he, כֶּתֶר אֲרָם צוֹבָא, romanized: , lit. 'Crown of Aleppo') is a medieval bound manuscript of the Hebrew Bible. The codex was written in the city of Tiberias in the tenth century CE (circa 920) under the ...

(10th century),

Codex Leningradensis The Leningrad Codex ( la, Codex Leningradensis [Leningrad Book]; he, כתב יד לנינגרד) is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the Masoretic Text and Tiberian vocalization. According to its colopho ...

(1008). Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the

Dead Sea Scrolls The Dead Sea Scrolls (also the Qumran Caves Scrolls) are ancient Jewish and Hebrew religious manuscripts discovered between 1946 and 1956 at the Qumran Caves in what was then Mandatory Palestine, near Ein Feshkha in the West Bank, on the nor ...

(3rd century BC or later): * 1QIsa^a: complete * 1QIsa^b: extant: verses 1‑8 * 4QIsa^f (4Q60): extant: verses 1‑8 * 4QIsa^k (4Q64): extant: verses 1‑9 There is also a translation into

Koine Greek Koine Greek (; Koine el, ἡ κοινὴ διάλεκτος, hē koinè diálektos, the common dialect; ), also known as Hellenistic Greek, common Attic, the Alexandrian dialect, Biblical Greek or New Testament Greek, was the common supra-reg ...

known as the

Septuagint The Greek Old Testament, or Septuagint (, ; from the la, septuaginta, lit=seventy; often abbreviated ''70''; in Roman numerals, LXX), is the earliest extant Greek translation of books from the Hebrew Bible. It includes several books beyond th ...

, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the

version include

Codex Vaticanus The Codex Vaticanus ( The Vatican, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 1209), designated by siglum B or 03 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 1 ( von Soden), is a fourth-century Christian manuscript of a Greek Bible, containing the majority of the Greek Old ...

(B;

\mathfrak

^B; 4th century),

Codex Sinaiticus The Codex Sinaiticus (Shelfmark: London, British Library, Add MS 43725), designated by siglum [Aleph] or 01 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 2 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts) ...

(S; BHK:

\mathfrak

^S; 4th century),

Codex Alexandrinus The Codex Alexandrinus (London, British Library, Royal MS 1. D. V-VIII), designated by the siglum A or 02 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 4 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a manu ...

(A;

\mathfrak

^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q;

\mathfrak

^Q; 6th century).

Parashot

The ''

parashah The term ''parashah'' ( he, פָּרָשָׁה ''Pārāšâ'', "portion", Tiberian , Sephardi , plural: ''parashot'' or ''parashiyot'', also called ''parsha'') formally means a section of a biblical book in the Masoretic Text of the Tanakh (Heb ...

'' sections listed here are based on the

. Isaiah 29 is a part of the ''Prophecies about Judah and Israel ( Isaiah 24 –35)''. : open ''parashah''; : closed ''parashah''. : 29:1-8 29:9-12 29:13-14 29:15-21 29:22-24

A problem solved, a problem started (29:1–14)

This part contains two oracles which can be 'paired with complete ease'.

Verse 1

: ''"Woe to Ariel, to Ariel, the city where David dwelt! :: ''Add year to year;'' ::''Let feasts come around".'' *"Ariel": that is"Jerusalem", ''lit.'' "Lion of God". The name given to Jerusalem in verses 1-7 is "Ariel": God will bring distress upon Ariel, and will make her like "an ariel". The Encyclopedia Judaica suggests that the word is derived from a root, ''ari'', meaning "to burn", similar to the Arabic word ''ʿiratun'', meaning "hearth", such that Isaiah expects that Jerusalem will "become like the altar, i.e., a scene of holocaust" (compare verse 6). "Dwelt":

Robert Lowth Robert Lowth ( ; 27 November 1710 – 3 November 1787) was a Bishop of the Church of England, Oxford Professor of Poetry and the author of one of the most influential textbooks of English grammar. Life Lowth was born in Hampshire, England, G ...

's nineteenth century version, Brenton's Septuagint Translation, and the New English Translation render "dwelt" (''ḥā·nāh'') as "besieged", recalling the events of when David and his men captured the stronghold of Zion from the Jebusites.

Verse 6

:''you will be visited by the Lord of hosts'' ::''with thunder and with earthquake and great noise,'' ::''with whirlwind and tempest, and the flame of a devouring fire.'' *"Visited" ( KJV,

ESV The English Standard Version (ESV) is an English translation of the Bible. Published in 2001 by Crossway, the ESV was "created by a team of more than 100 leading evangelical scholars and pastors." The ESV relies on recently published critic ...

): is rendered as " punished" in NKJV and MEV.

Verse 10

:''For the Lord has poured out on you the spirit of deep sleep'' ::''and has closed your eyes, the prophets;'' ::''and He has covered your heads, the seers.'' The word ''tar·dê·māh'', translated as "deep sleep", reflects the deep sleep which the Lord God caused to fall on

Adam Adam; el, Ἀδάμ, Adám; la, Adam is the name given in Genesis 1-5 to the first human. Beyond its use as the name of the first man, ''adam'' is also used in the Bible as a pronoun, individually as "a human" and in a collective sense as " ...

in Genesis 2:21.

Verses 13–14

:''Therefore the Lord said:'' :: ''"Inasmuch as these people draw near with their mouths'' :::''And honor Me with their lips,'' :: ''But have removed their hearts far from Me,'' ::: ''And their fear toward Me is taught by the commandment of men'' ::''Therefore, behold, I will again do a marvelous work'' ::''Among this people,'' :::''A marvelous work and a wonder;'' ::''For the wisdom of their wise men shall perish,'' :::''And the understanding of their prudent men shall be hidden."'' Jesus Christ quoted verse 13 as noted in and .

Spiritual transformation (29:15–24)

The poem in this part can be divided into 3 sections (just as the theme of the opening three 'woes') offering 'a meditation on the theme of transformation'. #The first transformation: the subverting of reason (verses 15–16) #The second transformation: coming world renewal (verses 17–21) #The third transformation: the changed fortune of Jacob (verses 22–24)

Verse 22

:''Therefore thus says the Lord, who redeemed Abraham, concerning the house of Jacob:'' ::''Jacob shall not now be ashamed,'' :::''nor shall his face now turn pale;'' The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges argues that " hisclause is suspicious, both from its position in the original, and from its contents. There is no incident in the biblical history of Abraham to which the expression "

redeem Redemption may refer to: Religion * Redemption (theology), an element of salvation to express deliverance from sin * Redemptive suffering, a Roman Catholic belief that suffering can partially remit punishment for sins if offered to Jesus * Pi ...

" is specially appropriate; there is, however, a late Jewish legend about his being delivered from a fiery death prepared for him by his heathen relations ( Book of Jubilees, chapter 12). The words may be a late interpolation."Skinner, J.
Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
on Isaiah 29, accessed 24 April 2018

References

Sources

* *

External links

Jewish

Isaiah 29 Original Hebrew with Parallel English

Christian

Isaiah 29 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
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