''Iris halophila'' var. ''sogdiana'' is a species in the genus ''
Iris'', it is also in the subgenus ''
Limniris'' and in
series ''Spuriae''. It is a
variety of ''
Iris halophila''. It was once a species in its own right as ''Iris sogdiana'', before being re-classified as a synonym of ''Iris halophila'', but it has been re-classed again as a variant of ''
Iris halophila''. It is a
rhizomatous perennial plant, with blue-violet flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in
temperate regions.
Description
It is similar in form to ''Iris halophila'' but with blue-violet flowers.
It has a stout, thick rhizome.
Which has a creeping habit.
[
It has green,][British Iris Society (1997) ] sword-like, linear, smooth leaves, that are 4-12mm wide.[ They taper to a point, somewhat compressed, smooth; radical leaves as long as the stems, linear, to 10 cm broad, acuminate; cauline leaves 4, progressively decreasing in size;][
It has tall stems.][
The stems hold between 3 and 4, terminal (top of stem) flowers, blooming between June and July.][
The un-fragranced flowers,][ come in shades of violet-blue.]sepals
A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined b ...
(outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals, known as the 'standards'.[ The shorted standards are erect, obovate or oblong, are brown at the base.][
It has an 8mm long perianth tube, which is also the length of the ovary.][
It has linear, oblong style branches,][ which are light purple.][
After the iris has flowered, it produces a 4.5 cm long, 6-angled seed capsule with a long beak-like appendage.][ It has flattened seeds, with rough edges.][
]
Biochemistry
As most irises are diploid
Ploidy () is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes. Sets of chromosomes refer to the number of maternal and paternal chromosome copies, respectively ...
, having two sets of chromosomes. This can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[
In 1979, a study was carried out the seeds of ''Iris sogdiana'', to find various chemical compounds including, ''alkali-soluble ]polysaccharide
Polysaccharides (), or polycarbohydrates, are the most abundant carbohydrates found in food. They are long chain polymeric carbohydrates composed of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic linkages. This carbohydrate can react with wa ...
s''. Glucomannan, consisting of glucose and mannose was found.
In 2011, a study was carried out on ''Iris halophila var. sogdiana'' and ''Iris halophila'', to find the fat soluble constituents and volatility components. Using gas chromatography
Gas chromatography (GC) is a common type of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing compounds that can be vaporized without decomposition. Typical uses of GC include testing the purity of a particular substance, ...
and mass spectrometry
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that is used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. The results are presented as a ''mass spectrum'', a plot of intensity as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio. Mass spectrometry is use ...
. (E,E) 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, 9-Octadecenoic acid(Z)-,methyl ester were found in both irises.
Taxonomy
It is written as 蓝花喜盐鸢尾 in Chinese script and known as ''lan hua xi yan yuan wei'' in Pinyin Chinese.[
It is also known as ''Iris 'Halophila Sogdiana''.
It was commonly known as ''Iris sogdiana'' (before re-classification) or ''Ksiridion sogdiana'' (in Russia).
The Latin ]specific epithet
In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...
''sogdiana'' refers to the ancient civilization of Sogdia
Sogdia (Sogdian language, Sogdian: ) or Sogdiana was an ancient Iranian peoples, Iranian civilization between the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, and in present-day Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. Sogdiana was also ...
in modern Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.
It was first published as ''Iris sogdiana'' by Alexander Bunge in Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans Vol.7 page507 in 1847.[
It was then published and described as ''Iris halophila'' var. ''sogdiana'' by Alexander Bunge and Valery Ivanovitsch Grubov in 'Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.' Vol.6 page30 in 1970.][
It was mentioned as ''Iris sogdiana'' in 'Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent States (the Former USSR)'.][Sergeĭ Kirillovich Cherepanov (1981) ]
Distribution and habitat
It is native temperate regions of central Asia.[
]
Range
It is found in the Asian countries of Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Iran.[ Also in the former Russian republics of Turkmenistan.][
It is also found in ]China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
, in the Chinese provinces of Gansu
Gansu (, ; alternately romanized as Kansu) is a province in Northwest China. Its capital and largest city is Lanzhou, in the southeast part of the province.
The seventh-largest administrative district by area at , Gansu lies between the Tibet ...
and Xinjiang.[
In mountainous Kyrgyzstan, it is found in a region from Lake Issyk-Kul to the valley of the Chu.][
In 2011, a study recorded the vascular plants in the forests around Angren, Uzbekistan, 12 were found to be endemic to Central Asia. These are; '' Arum korolkovii'', '' Carex turkestanica'', '' Cousinia olgae'', '']Eremurus regelii
''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China.
...
'', '' Euphorbia jaxartica'', '' Galium pamiroalaicum'', '' Gymnospermium alberti'', ''Iris sogdiana'', '' Prunus sogdiana'', ''Rosa kokanica
Rosa or De Rosa may refer to:
People
*Rosa (given name)
*Rosa (surname)
*Santa Rosa (female given name from Latin-a latinized variant of Rose)
Places
*223 Rosa, an asteroid
*Rosa, Alabama, a town, United States
*Rosa, Germany, in Thuringia, Ger ...
'', '' Thalictrum sultanabadense'', and '' Veronica bucharica''.
Habitat
It is grown on the damp meadow steppes, on hillside wastelands, on gravelly slopes,[ on the banks of water reservoirs and on the banks of rivers.][
]
Cultivation
It is the most hardy
Hardy may refer to:
People
* Hardy (surname)
* Hardy (given name)
* Hardy (singer), American singer-songwriter Places Antarctica
* Mount Hardy, Enderby Land
* Hardy Cove, Greenwich Island
* Hardy Rocks, Biscoe Islands
Australia
* Hardy, Sout ...
plant of all the Spuria irises.[
It prefers positions in partial shade.][
]
References
Sources
*Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. s I. spuria var. halophila (Pall.) Dykes
*Mathew, B. 1981. The Iris. 118.
*Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970–. Flora of estPakistan.
*Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963–. Flora iranica. s I. spuria subsp. halophila (Pall.) B. Mathew & Wendelbo
External links
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q18232646
halophila var. sogdiana
Flora of Central Asia
Flora of Kazakhstan
Flora of Afghanistan
Flora of Iran
Flora of Kyrgyzstan
Flora of Pakistan
Flora of Uzbekistan
Flora of Gansu
Flora of Xinjiang
Flora of Turkmenistan
Garden plants of Asia
Plants described in 1847