The Iraqi Independence Party ( ar, حزب الاستقلال العراقي, ''Hizb al-Istiqlal al-Iraqi'') was an
Iraqi nationalist
Iraqi nationalism is a form of nationalism which asserts the belief that Iraqis are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Iraqis of different ethnoreligious groups such as Mesopotamian Arabs, Kurds, Turkmens, Assyrians, Chaldeans, Yazidi ...
political party founded in December 1945 that supported the independence of
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...
from
British colonialism
The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts est ...
.
[Ghareeb, Edmund A.; Dougherty, Beth K. ''Historical Dictionary of Iraq''. Lanham, Maryland and Oxford: The Scarecrow Press, Ltd., 2004. Pp. 103-104.]
History
Its origins began with the predecessor
Al-Muthanna Club
The Al-Muthanna Club ( ar, نادي المثنى) was an influential pan-Arab fascist society established in Baghdad ca. 1935 to 1937 which remained active until May 1941, when the coup d'état of pro-Nazi Rashid Ali al-Gaylani failed. It was nam ...
and many of its members had supported the
pro-Axis and anti-British 1941 coup by
Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
Rashid Ali al-Gaylaniin Arab standard pronunciation Rashid Aali al-Kaylani; also transliterated as Sayyid Rashid Aali al-Gillani, Sayyid Rashid Ali al-Gailani or sometimes Sayyad Rashid Ali el Keilany (" Sayyad" serves to address higher standing ...
.
In 1956 the party was merged alongside the
Ba'ath Party, the
Iraqi Communist Party and the
National Democratic Party into the
National Union Front.
The party was right-leaning ideologically, and strengthened by a strong base of popular support, and alongside the Liberal Party and the National Democratic Party, managed to provide a vigorous opposition to the ruling Constitution Union Party.
The party won the most seats of any single part in the
1948 election, although lost all but one seat in
1953
Events
January
* January 6 – The Asian Socialist Conference opens in Rangoon, Burma.
* January 12 – Estonian émigrés found a government-in-exile in Oslo.
* January 14
** Marshal Josip Broz Tito is chosen President of Yug ...
. The party later made a small comeback in the
September 1954 election.
The party cooperated with the
Iraqi Free Officers movement from 1953 onward to push for reforms to the government that eventually resulted in the overthrow of the Iraqi monarchy in 1958.
The party had its own newspaper, ''
Liwa al-Istiqlal'' (Flag of Independence).
References
External links
1945 establishments in Iraq
1956 disestablishments in Iraq
Defunct political parties in Iraq
Iraqi nationalism
Nationalist parties in Iraq
Political parties disestablished in 1956
Political parties established in 1945
{{Iraq-party-stub