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The International Convention on the Protection of Birds (French: ''Convention internationale sur la protection (des) oiseaux'') is an
animal welfare Animal welfare is the well-being of non-human animals. Formal standards of animal welfare vary between contexts, but are debated mostly by animal welfare groups, legislators, and academics. Animal welfare science uses measures such as longevity ...
treaty signed in
Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
on 18 October 1950, ratified in 1953 by
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
,
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
,
Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders with ...
and
Monaco Monaco (; ), officially the Principality of Monaco (french: Principauté de Monaco; Ligurian: ; oc, Principat de Mónegue), is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Lig ...
, and entered into effect on 17 January 1963 for 13 European countries. It followed the International Convention for the Protection of Birds that are Useful for Agriculture that was signed in Paris on 19 March 1902 (which remains effective, but has been rendered completely obsolete by later treaties), to extend to all species of
bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweigh ...
s. The text of the treaty was modified for the first time on 1 September 1973, and a second time on 30 March 2016. The Convention established the principle that all birds, except for a small number of species, must be protected. It does not contain a list of species entitled to protection. Parties are required to maintain closed seasons for game birds (mostly during the spring migration), comply with certain hunting method regulations, and encouraged to establish bird reserves. According to the then-Governor of the International Council of Environmental Law Cyril de Klemm (1989), the Convention "has been largely ineffective", mostly due to the relatively small number of countries that have ratified it. Instead, the
Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats The Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, also known as the Bern Convention (or Berne Convention), is a binding international legal instrument in the field of Nature Conservation, it covers the natural ...
(signed in 1979, effective in 1982) had become the "main international instrument for the protection for European birds".


See also

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Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels The Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels (ACAP) is a legally binding international agreement signed in 2001 and entered into force on 1 February 2004 when South Africa ratified as the fifth Party to the Agreement. It was crea ...
*
Animal rights by country or territory Animal rights vary greatly among countries and territories. Such laws range from the legal recognition of non-human animal sentience to the absolute lack of any anti-cruelty laws, with no regard for animal welfare. As of November 2019, 32 c ...
*
Bird conservation Bird conservation is a field in the science of conservation biology related to threatened birds. Humans have had a profound effect on many bird species. Over one hundred species have gone extinct in historical times, although the most dramatic hu ...
*
List of international animal welfare conventions This is a list of international conventions relating to the protection of animals. General conventions * Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD, Biodiversity Convention, Rio Convention) * World Cultural and Natural Heritage Convention (UNESCO ...
*
Migratory Bird Treaty The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 (MBTA), Codification (law), codified at (although §709 is omitted), is a United States federal law, first enacted in 1918 to implement Migratory Bird Treaty, the convention for the protection of migratory bir ...
between Canada and the United States


References


External links


Convention internationale sur la protection des oiseaux, French text of the 2016 version
(PDF)
English translation of the French text of the 1950 version


{{DEFAULTSORT:Birds 1950 in France Animal treaties Animal welfare and rights legislation Bird conservation Council of Europe treaties Environmental treaties Fauna of Europe Treaties concluded in 1950 Treaties entered into force in 1963 Treaties of Austria Treaties of Belgium Treaties of Bulgaria Treaties of France Treaties of Greece Treaties of Iceland Treaties of Italy Treaties of Luxembourg Treaties of Monaco Treaties of the Netherlands Treaties of Portugal Treaties of Serbia Treaties of Spain Treaties of Sweden Treaties of Switzerland Treaties of Turkey