The instantiation principle or principle of instantiation or principle of exemplification is the
concept in
metaphysics and
logic (first put forward by
David Malet Armstrong) that there can be no uninstantiated or unexemplified
properties (or
universals). In other words, it is impossible for a property to exist which is not had by some object.
Consider a chair. Presumably chairs did not exist 150,000 years ago. Thus, according to the principle of instantiation, the property of being a chair did not exist 150,000 years ago either. Similarly, if all red objects were to suddenly go out of existence, then the property of being red would likewise go out of existence.
To make the principle more plausible in the light of these examples, the existence of properties or universals is not tied to their actual existence now, but to their existence in space-time considered as a whole. Thus, any property which ''is'', ''has been'', or ''will be'' instantiated exists. The property of being red would exist even if all red things were to be destroyed, because it has been instantiated. This broadens the range of properties which exist if the principle is true.
Those who endorse the principle of instantiation are known as ''in re'' (in thing or in reality) realists or '
immanent realists'.
Difficulties for the instantiation principle arise from the existence of truths about the uninstantiated, for example about higher infinities, or about an uninstantiated shade of blue (if such a shade exists). Those truths appear to be about something, but what can their
truthmaker be if they do not in some sense exist?
See also
*
In re structuralism
References
Concepts in logic
Concepts in metaphysics
Philosophical realism
Principles
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