Ingelheim (), officially Ingelheim am Rhein ( en, Ingelheim upon

Rhine ), Surselva, Graubünden, Switzerland , source1_coordinates= , source1_elevation = , source2 = Rein Posteriur/Hinterrhein , source2_location = Paradies Glacier, Graubünden, Switzerland , source2_coordinates= , so ...

), is a town in the

Mainz-Bingen Mainz-Bingen is a district (''Kreis'') in the east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Rheingau-Taunus, the district-free cities Wiesbaden and Mainz, the districts Groß-Gerau, Alzey-Worms, Bad Kreuzna ...

district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...

in the

Rhineland-Palatinate Rhineland-Palatinate ( , ; german: link=no, Rheinland-Pfalz ; lb, Rheinland-Pfalz ; pfl, Rhoilond-Palz) is a western state of Germany. It covers and has about 4.05 million residents. It is the ninth largest and sixth most populous of the ...

state of

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

. The town sprawls along the

's west bank. It has been Mainz-Bingen's district seat since 1996. From the later half of the 8th century, the Ingelheim Imperial Palace, which served emperors and kings as a lodging and a ruling seat until the 11th century, was to be found here.

Etymology

The typically Rhenish-Hessian placename ending ''—heim'' might well go back to

Frankish Frankish may refer to: * Franks, a Germanic tribe and their culture ** Frankish language or its modern descendants, Franconian languages * Francia, a post-Roman state in France and Germany * East Francia, the successor state to Francia in Germany ...

times, that is to say, likely as far back as the 5th or 6th century. Settlements or estates then took their lords’ names and were given this suffix, which means "home" in

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...

. The name is recorded in later documents as ''Ingilinhaim'', ''Ingilinheim'' (782), ''Ingilenhaim'', ''Engelheim'', ''Hengilonheim'', ''Engilonheim'' (822), ''Engilinheim'' (826), ''Hingilinheim'' (855), ''Ingilunheim'' (874), ''Ingulinheim'' (889), ''Ingelesheim'' (891), ''Ingelenheim'' (940), ''Anglia sedes'' (1051), ''Ingilheim'' and ''Ingelnheim'' (1286), among other forms. Since 1269, a distinction has been made between ''Nieder-Ingelheim'' and ''Ober-Ingelheim'' (Lower and Upper Ingelheim).

Geography

Location

Ingelheim am Rhein lies in the north of Rhein Hessen on the so-called Rhein Knee, west of the state capital,

Mainz Mainz () is the capital and largest city of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Mainz is on the left bank of the Rhine, opposite to the place that the Main (river), Main joins the Rhine. Downstream of the confluence, the Rhine flows to the north-we ...

. The Rhein forms the town's northern limit. Southwards, the town stretches into the valley of the river

Selz The Selz is a river in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, and a left hand tributary of the Rhine. It flows through the largest German wine region, Rheinhessen (Rhenish Hesse). It rises near the village of Orbis in the county of Donnersbergkreis ...

, which empties into the Rhein in the constituent community of Frei-Weinheim or Ingelheim-Nord ("North"). The constituent communities of Ingelheim-Mitte and Ingelheim-Süd ("Middle" and "South") are nestled against the corner of the so-called ("Mainz Mountain"). The municipal area's lowest point is the harbour on the Rhein at 80.8 m

above sea level Height above mean sea level is a measure of the vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) of a location in reference to a historic mean sea level taken as a vertical datum. In geodesy, it is formalized as ''orthometric heights''. The comb ...

. The two highest points are the Mainzer Berg at 247.8 m above sea level and the at 247.5 m above sea level. An obelisk on the south side of the village in direction

Wackernheim Wackernheim is a former ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a municipality belonging to a ''Verbandsgemeinde'', a kind of collective municipality – in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Since July 2019, it is part of the town Ingelheim ...

, marks the road begun by

Charlemagne Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first Holy ...

, and completed by Napoleon. From this point a fine prospect of the entire

Rheingau The Rheingau (; ) is a region on the northern side of the Rhine between the German towns of Wiesbaden and Lorch near Frankfurt, reaching from the Western Taunus to the Rhine. It is situated in the German state of Hesse and is part of the Rheing ...

could be obtained.Karl Baedeker, ''A Handbook for travellers on the Rhine, from Holland to Switzerland'', Koblenz, 1864 - p. 279

Municipal area’s extent

The municipal area's north-south extent is 7.9 km, while the east-west extent is 5 km.

Neighbouring municipalities

Clockwise from the north, these are

Geisenheim Geisenheim is a town in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the ''Regierungsbezirk'' of Darmstadt in Hessen, Germany, and is known as ''Weinstadt'' (“Wine Town”), ''Schulstadt'' (“School Town”), ''Domstadt'' (“Cathedral Town”) and ''Lindenstad ...

Oestrich-Winkel Oestrich-Winkel () is a town with roughly 12,000 inhabitants in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the ''Regierungsbezirk'' of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany. Geography Location Oestrich-Winkel, which culturally belongs to the Rheingau region, lies ...

on the Rhine's right bank, and on the left bank

Budenheim Budenheim is a municipality in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Unlike other municipalities in Mainz-Bingen, it does not belong to any ''Verbandsgemeinde''. Geography Location The Municipality of Budenheim is the o ...

, Finthen, the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' of Nieder-Olm, Schwabenheim,

Gau-Algesheim Gau-Algesheim is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' of Gau-Algesheim, a kind of collective municipality. Geography Location Gau-Algesheim lies roughly 20 km ...

(both belonging to the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' of Gau-Algesheim) and

Bingen am Rhein Bingen am Rhein () is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The settlement's original name was Bingium, a Celtic word that may have meant "hole in the rock", a description of the shoal behind the ''Mäuseturm'', k ...

. Since 1 July 2019 Wackernheim and Heidesheim are incorporated into the city of Ingelheim.

Constituent communities

Ingelheim is currently divided into six '' Stadtteile'': Ingelheim-Mitte, Ingelheim-Nord, Ingelheim-Süd, Sporkenheim, Groß-Winternheim and Ingelheim-West. Before Ingelheim became a town in 1939, the first three centres bore the names Nieder-Ingelheim, Frei-Weinheim and Ober-Ingelheim. Official changes notwithstanding, the old names are still quite often used.

Climate

The town lies in the

temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout t ...

zone. The average yearly temperature in Ingelheim is 9.8 °C. The warmest months are July and August with average temperatures of 18.0 and 18.5 °C respectively, and the coldest month is January at 1.0 °C on average. The most precipitation falls in June and August with an average of 64 mm, and the least in March with an average of 31 mm. Like all Rhenish Hesse, Ingelheim, too, is sheltered from the weather by the

Hunsrück The Hunsrück () is a long, triangular, pronounced upland in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by the valleys of the Moselle-Saar (north-to-west), the Nahe (south), and the Rhine (east). It is continued by the Taunus mountains, past ...

, the

Taunus The Taunus is a mountain range in Hesse, Germany, located north of Frankfurt. The tallest peak in the range is ''Großer Feldberg'' at 878 m; other notable peaks are ''Kleiner Feldberg'' (825 m) and ''Altkönig'' (798 m). The Taunus range spans ...

, the

Odenwald The Odenwald () is a low mountain range in the German states of Hesse, Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg. Location The Odenwald is located between the Upper Rhine Plain with the Bergstraße and the ''Hessisches Ried'' (the northeastern section ...

and the

Donnersberg The Donnersberg ("thunder mountain") is the highest peak of the Palatinate (german: Pfalz) region of Germany. The mountain lies between the towns of Rockenhausen and Kirchheimbolanden, in the Donnersbergkreis district, which is named after the m ...

, thereby limiting the yearly precipitation to only 560 mm.

History

The Ingelheim area was already settled in prehistoric times. The place first earned itself particular importance, though, only under

and his successors. Charlemagne had built the Ingelheim Imperial Palace (''Ingelheimer Kaiserpfalz'') here, where

synod A synod () is a council of a Christian denomination, usually convened to decide an issue of doctrine, administration or application. The word ''wikt:synod, synod'' comes from the meaning "assembly" or "meeting" and is analogous with the Latin ...

s and Imperial diets were held in the time that followed. His son and successor, Emperor

Louis the Pious Louis the Pious (german: Ludwig der Fromme; french: Louis le Pieux; 16 April 778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aqui ...

, died on 20 June 840 in Ingelheim. In the High and Late

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...

, the Palatinate's, and thereby also Ingelheim's, importance shrank. For German justice history, the ''Ingelheimer Oberhof'' ("Ingelheim Upper Court") is of particular importance, as a unique collection of judgments from the 15th and 16th centuries that it handed down has been preserved. Late 19th century Ingelheim was the residence of the Dutch writer

Multatuli Eduard Douwes Dekker (2 March 182019 February 1887), better known by his pen name Multatuli (from Latin ''multa tulī'', "I have suffered much"), was a Dutch writer best known for his satirical novel ''Max Havelaar'' (1860), which denounced the a ...

(Eduard Douwes Dekker). In 1939, the formerly self-administering municipalities of Nieder-Ingelheim, Ober-Ingelheim and Frei-Weinheim were merged into the Town of Ingelheim am Rhein. Burgkirche-Ingelheim2

From the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, Ingelheim emerged as the only unscathed town between Mainz and

Koblenz Koblenz (; Moselle Franconian language, Moselle Franconian: ''Kowelenz''), spelled Coblenz before 1926, is a German city on the banks of the Rhine and the Moselle, a multi-nation tributary. Koblenz was established as a Roman Empire, Roman mili ...

. Today, Ingelheim is a middle centre in Rhineland-Palatinate, a Great District-Bound Town (''Große kreisangehörige Stadt'' – a status deriving from the Rhineland-Palatinate Municipal Order) and the seat of district administration for

. Furthermore, Ingelheim harbours the business

Boehringer Ingelheim C.H. Boehringer Sohn AG & Co. is the parent company of the Boehringer Ingelheim group, which was founded in 1885 by Albert Boehringer in Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany. As of 2018, Boehringer Ingelheim is one of the world's largest pharmaceutical ...

which is active worldwide.

Population data

Religion

In 2004, 36% of Ingelheim's inhabitants belonged to the

Lutheran Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched th ...

faith, and 34% were

Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

, while 24% were without any religious faith; from 2% of the population, no data were forthcoming. The six Catholic parishes belong, within the

Roman Catholic Diocese of Mainz The Diocese of Mainz, historically known in English as ''Mentz'' as well as by its French name ''Mayence'', is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Germany. It was founded in 304, promoted in 780 to Metrop ...

to the

Deanery A deanery (or decanate) is an ecclesiastical entity in the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Anglican Communion, the Evangelical Church in Germany, and the Church of Norway. A deanery is either the jurisdiction or residenc ...

of Bingen. The five Protestant parishes of the EKHN belong to the Provostship (''Propstei'') of Mainz, and within this to the Deanery of Ingelheim. Besides these, the

Baptists Baptists form a major branch of Protestantism distinguished by baptizing professing Christian believers only ( believer's baptism), and doing so by complete immersion. Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the doctrines of soul compe ...

, Religious humanists and

Muslims Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraha ...

each have small communities in Ingelheim, as do the

Jehovah's Witnesses Jehovah's Witnesses is a millenarian restorationist Christian denomination with nontrinitarian beliefs distinct from mainstream Christianity. The group reports a worldwide membership of approximately 8.7 million adherents involved in ...

and

Buddhists Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gra ...

Until 1942 there was a

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

community, whose beginnings went back to the 16th century. About 1850, roughly 200 Jewish inhabitants lived in Ober-Ingelheim, and by 1933 there were still 134 all together in Oberingelheim and Niederingelheim. In 1840 and 1841, a

synagogue A synagogue, ', 'house of assembly', or ', "house of prayer"; Yiddish: ''shul'', Ladino: or ' (from synagogue); or ', "community". sometimes referred to as shul, and interchangeably used with the word temple, is a Jewish house of worshi ...

that was important to architectural history was built. It was dedicated on 27 August 1841 and destroyed on 9 November 1938 –

Kristallnacht () or the Night of Broken Glass, also called the November pogrom(s) (german: Novemberpogrome, ), was a pogrom against Jews carried out by the Nazi Party's (SA) paramilitary and (SS) paramilitary forces along with some participation from ...

. Many Jewish inhabitants lost their lives after being deported to the

death camps Nazi Germany used six extermination camps (german: Vernichtungslager), also called death camps (), or killing centers (), in Central Europe during World War II to systematically murder over 2.7 million peoplemostly Jewsin the Holocaust. The v ...

during the time of the

Third Reich Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

Amalgamations

On 22 April 1972 the municipality of Groß-Winternheim was amalgamated. The former municipalities

Heidesheim am Rhein Heidesheim am Rhein is an ''Ortsbezirk'' (borough) of the town Ingelheim am Rhein in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Before July 2019, it was a separate municipality belonging to the former ''Verbandsgemeinde'' (a kind ...

and

were merged into Ingelheim am Rhein on 1 July 2019.

Population development

Before 1939

Beginning in 1939

Politics

Town council

The municipal election held in 2004 yielded the following results:

Mayor

In the last mayoral elections, held on 26 May 2019, Ralf Claus, mayor of Ingelheim since 2012, was reelected as mayor: Altes-E-Werk-Uffhubtor-Ingelheim

Results of council elections since 1946

*1946 ** CDU: 42.2% **

SPD The Social Democratic Party of Germany (german: Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, ; SPD, ) is a centre-left social democratic political party in Germany. It is one of the major parties of contemporary Germany. Saskia Esken has been t ...

: 26% **

KPD The Communist Party of Germany (german: Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands, , KPD ) was a major political party in the Weimar Republic between 1918 and 1933, an underground resistance movement in Nazi Germany, and a minor party in West German ...

: 9.2% ** Liste Gemünden/Gaul: 22.6% : Eligible voters: 6,899 : Voter turnout: 88.6% *1948 ** CDU: 35.1% ** SPD: 33.1% ** DP: 25.3% ** KP: 6.5% * 9 November 1952 ** Freie Bürgerliste Rausch: 40.1%, 2,882 votes — 11 seats ** SPD: 23.04%, 1,656 votes — 6 seats ** CDU: 22.43%, 1,612 votes — 6 seats ** FDP: 10.21%, 734 votes — 2 seats ** KPD: 4.2%, 303 votes : Eligible voters: 9,488 : Voter turnout: 77.76%, 7378 votes, 7,187 valid votes * 1956 ** SPD: 36.79%, 2,611 votes — 9 seats ** CDU: 27.06%, 1,920 votes — 7 seats ** Wählergruppe Bambach: 24.45%, 1,735 votes — 6 seats ** FDP: 11.7%, 830 votes — 3 seats : Eligible voters: 9,979 : Voter turnout: 72.62%, 7,247 votes, 7,096 valid votes *23 October 1960 ** SPD: 42.61%, 3,114 votes — 11 seats ** CDU: 36.65%, 2,679 votes — 10 seats ** FDP: 16.92%, 1,237 votes — 2 seats ** Wählergruppe Kaufmann: 3.82%, 279 votes : Eligible voters: 10,695 : Voter turnout: 70.14%, 7,502 votes, 7,309 valid votes *25 October 1964 ** SPD: 51.7% — 13 seats (absolute majority) ** CDU: 34.7%, 2,800 votes — 9 seats ** FDP: 13.6%, 1,098 votes — 3 seats : Eligible voters: 11,369 (50a CDU) 11,312 (40a Ing) : Voter turnout: 72.77%, 8,231 votes (50a CDU) 8,232 (40a Ing) *8 June 1969 ** CDU: 37.15%, 3,397 votes — 12 seats ** SPD: 34.45%, 3,150 votes — 11 seats ** FDP: 10.45%, 956 votes — 3 seats ** Freie Wählergruppe Kaege: 17.95%, 1,641 votes — 5 seats : Eligible voters: 12,295 : Voter turnout: 75.51%, 9,309 votes, 9,144 valid votes *23 April 1972 ** SPD: 41.99%, 4,263 votes — 14 seats (according to 40a 4,264) ** CDU: 38.92%, 3,952 votes — 12 seats ** FDP: 8.79%, 892 votes — 2 seats ** Wählergruppe Kaege: 10.28%, 1,044 votes — 3 seats : Eligible voters: 13,992 : Voter turnout: 73.46%, 10,280 votes, 10,153 valid votes *17 March 1974 ** CDU: 46.6%, 5,092 votes — 17 seats (40a: 46.40%) ** SPD: 34.34%, 3,769 votes — 12 seats ** FDP: 10.26%, 1,126 votes — 3 seats ** FWG: 8.98%, 986 votes — 3 seats : Eligible voters: 14,027 : Voter turnout: 79.17%, 11,106 votes, 10,973 valid votes *10/11 June 1979 ** SPD: 42.12%, 4,322 votes — 14 seats ** CDU: 41.52%, 4,261 votes — 13 seats ** FDP: 8.21%, 842 votes — 2 seats ** FWG: 8.15%, 837 votes — 2 seats : Eligible voters: 14,238 : Voter turnout: 73.54%, 10,470 votes, 10,262 valid votes *17 June 1984 ** CDU: 40.7%, 4,576 votes — 15 seats ** SPD: 44.1%, 4,966 votes — 16 seats ** FDP: 7.8% — 2 seats ** FWG: 10.6% — 2 seats ** DKP: 1% — 112 votes : Eligible voters: 15,408 : Voter turnout: 74.9%, 11,252 valid votes *18 June 1989 ** SPD: 41.0% — 15 seats ** CDU: 31.2% — 11 seats ** FWG: 10.6% — 4 seats ** FDP: 7.75% — 3 seats ** Grüne: 7.38% — 2 seats *12 June 1994 ** SPD: 36.6% — 13 seats ** CDU: 31.0% — 11 seats ** FWG: 6 seats ** Grüne: 4 seats ** FDP: 2 seats : Voter turnout: 70%, 11,781 votes

Mayors before 1939

*''Nieder-Ingelheim'' ** Weitzel about 1881 ** Leonard Muntermann ( DDP, 1912 - 7 April 1932) *''Ober-Ingelheim'' ** Dr. Georg Rückert (February 1932 - April 1933) ** Gaul (1933-)

(Chief) Mayors since 1939

Mayors (''Bürgermeister'') from 1946, Chief Mayors (''Oberbürgermeister'') from 1972: * 1939-1945: Franz Bambach (

NSDAP The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party (german: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP), was a far-right politics, far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that crea ...

) * 15 April 1945 - 23 June 1945: Georg Schick * 23 June 1945 - : Dr. iur. Georg Rückert (SP) * 22 September 1946 – 1948: Dr. iur. Georg Rückert (SP) * 1949 - 1 October 1956: Dr. rer. pol. Heinz Brühne (SPD) * 1957-1964: Heinz Kühn * 1964-1965: Albert Saalwächter * 1966-1972: Hans-Ulrich Oehlschlägel, BM (SPD) * 1972-1975: Hans-Ulrich Oehlschlägel, OB (SPD) * 1975-1995: Anno Vey (CDU) * 1995-2011: Dr. Joachim Gerhard (CDU) * 2011- : Ralf Claus (SPD)

Coat of arms

The town's

arms Arms or ARMS may refer to: *Arm or arms, the upper limbs of the body Arm, Arms, or ARMS may also refer to: People * Ida A. T. Arms (1856–1931), American missionary-educator, temperance leader Coat of arms or weapons *Armaments or weapons **Fi ...

might be described thus: Argent an eagle displayed sable armed and langued gules. The eagle is the Imperial Eagle. The arms have their roots in the Imperial Freedom enjoyed by the ''Ingelheimer Grund'' (Ingelheim area).

Old coats of arms

:Nieder-Ingelheim: Argent a wall embattled gules masoned sable, issuant therefrom a demi-eagle displayed of the third beaked and langued of the second. :Ober-Ingelheim: Argent an eagle displayed sable armed, beaked and langued gules.

Sponsorships

* Airbus Ingelheim am Rhein D-ABJE, Boeing 737-530, SN 25310/2126 * Until her decommissioning on 28 June 2001 there was a partnership with S58 Pinguin, a German Navy

Fast Attack Craft A fast attack craft (FAC) is a small, fast, agile, offensive, often affordable warship armed with anti-ship missiles, gun or torpedoes. FACs are usually operated in close proximity to land as they lack both the seakeeping and all-round defensive ...

Twin towns – sister cities

Ingelheim am Rhein is twinned with: *

Stevenage Stevenage ( ) is a large town and borough in Hertfordshire, England, about north of London. Stevenage is east of junctions 7 and 8 of the A1(M), between Letchworth Garden City to the north and Welwyn Garden City to the south. In 1946, Stevena ...

, England, United Kingdom (1963) *

Autun Autun () is a subprefecture of the Saône-et-Loire department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of central-eastern France. It was founded during the Principate era of the early Roman Empire by Emperor Augustus as Augustodunum to give a Ro ...

, France (1963) *

San Pietro in Cariano San Pietro in Cariano ( vec, San Piero in Carian) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about west of Venice and about northwest of Verona. It is located in the geographical region of Valp ...

, Italy (1984) * Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg (Berlin), Germany (1971) *

Limbach-Oberfrohna Limbach-Oberfrohna is a town in the district of Zwickau (district), Zwickau in Saxony, Germany. Main sights * ''Schloss '' (Castle) Wolkenburg * Protestant church in Oberfrohna * ''Wasserturm '' ("Water Tower") * Limbach Municipal Church Town h ...

, Germany (1990) *

Nysa Nysa may refer to: Greek Mythology * Nysa (mythology) or Nyseion, the mountainous region or mount (various traditional locations), where nymphs raised the young god Dionysus * Nysiads, nymphs of Mount Nysa who cared for and taught the infant ...

, Poland (2002) On 24 October 1975, the three-way partnership between Ingelheim, Autun and Stevenage was officially sealed.

Culture and sightseeing

''Ingelheimer Fassenacht''

There is in Ingelheim a well-developed

carnival Carnival is a Catholic Christian festive season that occurs before the liturgical season of Lent. The main events typically occur during February or early March, during the period historically known as Shrovetide (or Pre-Lent). Carnival typi ...

culture, which admittedly is very much under the

Mainz carnival The Mainz Carnival (''Mainzer Fastnacht'', ''"Määnzer Fassenacht" or "Meenzer Fassenacht"'') is a months-long citywide carnival celebration in Mainz, Germany that traditionally begins on 11 November but culminates in the days before Ash Wednesda ...

’s influence. All together, the town counts four Carnival clubs: * Carneval-Verein "Wäschbächer" 1885 * Carnevalverein Frei-Weinheim * Ingelheimer Carnevalverein * Narrenclub Ingelheim 1987 ("Fools’ Club")

Museums

The ''Museum bei der Kaiserpfalz'' ("Museum at the Imperial Palace") has an exhibit dedicated to the Imperial Palace built in Ingelheim after 785 by

. On show are small archaeological finds, objects from architectural sculpture and a demonstrative model of the once imposing building. Remnants of the Imperial Palace can be seen right near the museum. Of Europe-wide importance is the golden ''solidus'' found in 1996, which is hitherto still the only gold coin ever found struck with Charlemagne's effigy.

Music

* Further Education Centre Symphony Orchestra * Ingelheimer Konfettis (performing and singing group) * Ingelheim church choir * Bläserchöre Ingelheim (wind choirs) * Carolus Magnus-Ingelheimer Kaiserpfalzbläser (wind ensemble) * Telemann-Chor Ingelheim (choir)

Singing clubs

* GV Liederkranz 1857 * GV Einigkeit 1885 * GV Germania 1862 * MGV 1866 * Schubert-Quartett 1924 e.V. * Boehringer Jazz & Pop Chor 2009

Buildings

The town has at its disposal a range of historical buildings worth seeing: File:BurgkircheKriegerdenkmal.JPG, ''Burgkirche'' File:OI-Altes-Rathaus.JPG, Ober-Ingelheim Old Town Hall File:SaalkircheSommer2009.JPG, Evangelical Church, built in 997 as Saint Peter's Chapel of the Imperial Palace. File:WestUffhubtor.JPG, ''Uffhubtor'' File:Selztaldom2.JPG, ''

Selztaldom The Evangelische Pfarrkirche in Großwinternheim, part of Ingelheim am Rhein, also called Selztaldom meaning ''Selz valley cathedral'', is a romanesque revival aisleless church built according to Romanesque architecture blueprints from the Middl ...

'' ("Selz Valley Cathedral") File:Remigius-Münster.JPG, Saint Remigius's Church (Cath.) with

Sebastian Münster Sebastian Münster (20 January 1488 – 26 May 1552) was a German cartographer and cosmographer. He also was a Christian Hebraist scholar who taught as a professor at the University of Basel. His well-known work, the highly accurate world map, '' ...

statue File:NI-Kaiserpfalz.JPG, The ''

Aula Regia An ''aula regia'' ( lat. for "royal hall"), also referred to as a ''palas hall'', is a name given to the great hall in an imperial or royal palace (German ''Kaiserpfalz''). In the Middle Ages the term was also used as a synonym for the ''Pfalz'' i ...

'' at

’s Imperial Palace File:MalakoffturmIngelheim.jpg, Malakoff tower File:OhrenbrückerTor.JPG, Ohrenbrückertor File:IngelheimBismarckturm.JPG, Bismarck Tower

Others

* St. Michael with Plague Cross *

Carolingian The Carolingian dynasty (; known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family named after Charlemagne, grandson of mayor Charles Martel and a descendant of the Arnulfing and Pippin ...

aqueduct * Heidesheimer Tor (gate) * Bismarck Tower * Ohrenbrücker Tor (gate) * Jewish graveyard * Old market hall in ''Nieder-Ingelheim''

Parks

* Kommerzienrat-Boehringer-Anlage * Emmerlingscher Park * Rosengärtchen * Uffhubtor-Anlage

Natural monuments

*Drifting chalk sands and dunes In the cadastral areas of Nieder-Ingelheim and Frei-Weinheim, mainly north of the

Autobahn The (; German plural ) is the federal controlled-access highway system in Germany. The official German term is (abbreviated ''BAB''), which translates as 'federal motorway'. The literal meaning of the word is 'Federal Auto(mobile) Track'. ...

along Konrad-Adenauer-Straße, but also south of the Autobahn – even within the

industrial lands – are found drifting chalk sands. Likewise a deposit is to be found in the area of the ''Griesmühle'' (mill). These formations are under conservational protection under the Rhineland-Palatinate State Care Law. Damaging them or removing them, among other acts, is considered an incompensable encroachment on nature and the landscape. Municipal building uses in drifting chalk sand areas are therefore routinely excluded or only approved in very special cases. Two such exceptions were the building of Konrad-Adenauer-Straße (from the Autobahn bridge to Rheinstraße) and the building of the daycare centre on Sporkenheimer Straße.

Sport

* 1. Schwimmsportverein Ingelheim 1966 e.V. (swimming) * RV Ingelheim * SpVgg Ingelheim
TUS Ober-Ingelheim
* Turngemeinde 1847 Corp. Nieder-Ingelheim (gymnastics) * SV Ingelheim 1949 e.V. * VfL Frei Weinheim * HSC Ingelheim * TV Frei-Weinheim (gymnastics) * MFG-Ingelheim e.V. - Modellfluggruppe Ingelheim e.V. * TSC Ingelheim * FSC Ingelheim 07
Bridgeclub Ingelheim

Common welfare

* ''Mütter- und FamilienZentrum e.V. MütZe'' The ''MütZe'' ("Mothers’ and Families’ Centre", with the abbreviation resembling the word ''Mütze'' – "cap") is to be found at the old Gymnasium. The ''MütZe'' takes upon itself a generation-spanning exchange for all Ingelheim residents. A babysitter exchange, handicraft classes, breakfast and lunch, housework and holiday support are regularly offered, as well as courses and events covering every family theme from babies to health to creativity. In Ingelheim there are also a House of Youth (''Haus der Jugend'', although this is soon to become a shopping centre and will be replaced with another House of Youth) and a ''Mehrgenerationshaus''.

Regular events

*Since 1972 there has been a yearly folk music event, the ''Eurofolkfestival Ingelheim'', on the Burgkirche Fairgrounds. It is said to be one of the successor festivals to the famous Waldeck-Festivals. A great number of the visitors are people from the hippie culture and youths from the local area and from throughout Germany. The number of visitors varies from 2,000 to 3,000. It is usually held between mid-June and mid-July and always lasts from Friday to Sunday. Out of the ''Eurofolkfestival'' grew the ''OpenOhr Festival'' (a youth cultural festival) in Mainz in 1974 and 1975. * ''Hafenfest auf der Jungau'' ("Harbour Festival on the Jungau"), each year in early August. * ''Ingelheimer Rotweinfest'' ("Ingelheim Red Wine Festival") on the Burgkirche Fairgrounds, is held each year from the last weekend in September to the first weekend in October. * ''Kerb in Groß-Winternheim'' ("

kermis Kermesse, or kermis, or kirmess, is a Dutch language term derived from 'kerk' (church) and 'mis' (mass) that became borrowed in English, French, Spanish and many other languages, originally denoting the mass said on the anniversary of the foundat ...

, or church consecration festival"), second weekend in September * ''Internationale Tage'' ("International Days"), each year since 1959. Organized for

François Lachenal François Paul Lachenal (Geneva 31 May 1918 – 22 August 1997) was a Swiss publisher and diplomat, who beginning in 1940 played a significant role in publishing the writings of the French authors during the occupation of France by Germany. He ...

till 1997.till 2000 curated by Patricia Rochat and since then by Ulrich Luckhardt. * ''Umsonst-und-drinnen'', international music festival for new blood groups. * ''Kinderfest der DPSG Ingelheim'' ("Ingelheim

DPSG The Deutsche Pfadfinderschaft Sankt Georg (DPSG, ''German Scout Association Saint George'') is the largest of Germany's many Scouting organizations. The Catholic association has about 95,000 members of both genders.http://www.dpsg.de/dpsg/zahle ...

Children’s Festival"), each year on

Ascension Day The Solemnity of the Ascension of Jesus Christ, also called Ascension Day, Ascension Thursday, or sometimes Holy Thursday, commemorates the Christian belief of the bodily Ascension of Jesus into heaven. It is one of the ecumenical (i.e., shared b ...

since 1969 on the Jungau in Frei-Weinheim. * ''Entekerb'' ("Harvest Kermis"), in October in Frei-Weinheim. * ''Altstadtfest'' ("Old Town Festival"), second weekend in August, staged by NCI * ''Fest der Generationen'', second Saturday in September around the old Gymnasium, staged by the MütZe

Culinary specialities

Regional Rhenish-Hessian specialities are

asparagus Asparagus, or garden asparagus, folk name sparrow grass, scientific name ''Asparagus officinalis'', is a perennial flowering plant species in the genus ''Asparagus''. Its young shoots are used as a spring vegetable. It was once classified in ...

and morello

cherries A cherry is the fruit of many plants of the genus ''Prunus'', and is a fleshy drupe (stone fruit). Commercial cherries are obtained from cultivars of several species, such as the sweet ''Prunus avium'' and the sour ''Prunus cerasus''. The nam ...

cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture, ...

of sour cherries).

Economy and infrastructure

Transport

The

A 60 runs through the municipal area and has two interchanges there. ''

Bundesstraße ''Bundesstraße'' (German for "federal highway"), abbreviated ''B'', is the denotation for German and Austrian national highways. Germany Germany's ''Bundesstraßen'' network has a total length of about 40,000 km. German ''Bundesstraßen'' ...

'' 41 ends in Ingelheim. The Autobahnen A 61 and A 63 lie right nearby.

Frankfurt Airport Frankfurt Airport (; german: link=no, Flughafen Frankfurt Main , also known as ''Rhein-Main-Flughafen'') is a major international airport located in Frankfurt, the fifth-largest city of Germany and one of the world's leading financial centres ...

can be reached by Autobahn in roughly 30 minutes. Frankfurt-Hahn Airport can be reached in roughly 50 minutes by Autobahnen A 60 and A 61 or ''Bundesstraße'' 50. A Bus to Hahn can be caught in Mainz Ingelheim lies on the Mainz-Bingen-Cologne (

West Rhine Railway The West Rhine railway (German: ''Linke Rheinstrecke'', literally 'left (bank of the) Rhine route') is a famously picturesque, double-track electrified railway line running for 185 km from Cologne via Bonn, Koblenz, and Bingen to Mainz. It i ...

) and Saarbrücken-Mainz-Frankfurt

railway Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the vehicles run on a pre ...

lines. Between Ingelheim-Nord and

runs a Rhine ferry. The constituent communities and the surrounding municipalities are served by city and regional bus routes of ''Omnibusverkehr Rhein-Nahe GmbH''. The local rail transport is served by the ''Rhein-Nahe-Nahverkehrsverbund''.

Established businesses

, pharmaceutical enterprise * Envision Entertainment GmbH, formerly

EA Phenomic EA Phenomic was a real-time strategy video game developer, headquartered in Ingelheim, Germany, and founded as Phenomic Game Development in 1997 by Volker Wertich, who had previous worked in Blue Byte and developed ''The Settlers'' and ''The Sett ...

, a video game developer * Goldener Engel, brewery * Karl Gemünden, building company * Rheinhessische Energie- und Wasserversorgungs-GmbH, energy and water supply * Vereinigte Obst- und Gemüsemärkte (VOG), Europe's biggest transshipment centre for sour cherries * WetterKontor, supplier of weather information

Agricultural produce

Of the 4,987-hectare municipal area, 641 ha is used for

winegrowing Viticulture (from the Latin word for ''vine'') or winegrowing (wine growing) is the cultivation and harvesting of grapes. It is a branch of the science of horticulture. While the native territory of ''Vitis vinifera'', the common grape vine, ran ...

and 1 373 ha is used for crops. The main agricultural produce is sour cherries, white asparagus and

Wine Wine is an alcoholic drink typically made from fermented grapes. Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts are m ...

. Although the town lies in a region dominated by white wine, 54.9% of the vineyard area in Ingelheim am Rhein is used for growing red wine varieties. With 641 ha in vineyards, the town is moreover one of

Rhenish Hesse Rhenish Hesse or Rhine HesseDickinson, Robert E (1964). ''Germany: A regional and economic geography'' (2nd ed.). London: Methuen, p. 542. . (german: Rheinhessen) is a region and a former government district () in the German state of Rhineland- ...

’s biggest winegrowing centres after

Worms Worms may refer to: *Worm, an invertebrate animal with a tube-like body and no limbs Places *Worms, Germany, a city **Worms (electoral district) *Worms, Nebraska, U.S. *Worms im Veltlintal, the German name for Bormio, Italy Arts and entertainme ...

, (1,490 ha),

Nierstein Nierstein is a town belonging to the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' Rhein-Selz in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Geography Location Nierstein lies in Rhenish Hesse on the Rhine between Mainz and Worms. In Nierstein the F ...

(783 ha),

Alzey Alzey () is a ''Verband''-free town – one belonging to no ''Verbandsgemeinde'' – in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the fifth-largest town in Rhenish Hesse, after Mainz, Worms, Germany, Worms, Ingelheim am Rhein ...

(769 ha),

Westhofen Westhofen is an ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a municipality belonging to a ''Verbandsgemeinde'', a kind of collective municipality – in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Geography Location Westhofen lies between Worms (r ...

(764 ha),

Alsheim Alsheim is an ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a municipality belonging to a ''Verbandsgemeinde'', a kind of collective municipality – in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. History Alsheim is mentioned in the Wormser wall-building ...

(704 ha) and

Bechtheim Bechtheim is an ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a municipality belonging to a ''Verbandsgemeinde'', a kind of collective municipality – in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' of Wonnegau, whose ...

(654 ha), and one of the biggest in the whole

state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...

. "The red wines of Ingelheim and Heidesheim (…) opposite to Eltville (…) enjoy a high reputation." The

Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute The Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute was founded in 1872 and is located in the town of Geisenheim, in Germany's Rheingau region. In 1876 Swiss-born professor Hermann Müller joined the institute, where he developed his namesake grape variety ...

’s vegetable farming department runs an experimental asparagus field in Ingelheim. The research results can be viewed on the Internet.Geisenheimer Online-Beratungssystem: ww.asparagus-info.org/ref>

Media

Local daily newspaper: ''

Allgemeine Zeitung The ''Allgemeine Zeitung'' was the leading political daily journal in Germany in the first part of the 19th century. It has been widely recognised as the first world-class German journal and a symbol of the German press abroad. The ''Allgemeine ...

Ingelheim'' within the ''Rhein Main Presse'', published by the ''Verlagsgruppe Rhein Main'', Mainz. Municipal television: "Blickpunkt Ingelheim", which is broadcast every Monday and Thursday on regional channel K3.

Public institutions

Since 1996, Ingelheim has been the seat of district administration for

Education

Ingelheim is home to: * three

primary school A primary school (in Ireland, the United Kingdom, Australia, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, and South Africa), junior school (in Australia), elementary school or grade school (in North America and the Philippines) is a school for primary e ...

s (Präsident-Mohr-Grundschule, Theodor-Heuss-Grundschule, Brüder-Grimm-Grundschule) * a combination primary school and

Hauptschule A ''Hauptschule'' (, "general school") is a secondary school in Germany, starting after four years of elementary schooling (''Grundschule''), which offers Lower Secondary Education (Level 2) according to the International Standard Classification ...

(Pestalozzi-Grund- u. Hauptschule) * a professional college, die ''BBS Ingelheim'' * a school for those with learning difficulties (Albert-Schweitzer-Sonderschule) * a

Realschule ''Realschule'' () is a type of secondary school in Germany, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia (''realna gimnazija''), the Austrian Empire, the German Empire, Denmark and Norway (''realskole''), Sweden (''realskola''), ...

(''Kaiserpfalz-Realschule'') * an integrated

comprehensive school A comprehensive school typically describes a secondary school for pupils aged approximately 11–18, that does not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude, in contrast to a selective school system where admission is res ...

(''Kurt Schumacher'') * a Gymnasium (''Sebastian-Münster-Gymnasium'') Under the umbrella of the Ingelheim Further Education Centre ''Weiterbildungszentrum Ingelheim'' the following institutions work: * ''Volkshochschule'' (

folk high school Folk high schools (also ''Adult Education Center'', Danish: ''Folkehøjskole;'' Dutch: ''Volkshogeschool;'' Finnish: ''kansanopisto'' and ''työväenopisto'' or ''kansalaisopisto;'' German: ''Volkshochschule'' and (a few) ''Heimvolkshochschule;'' ...

) * Fridtjof-Nansen-Akademie für politische Bildung (political education) * Music school * Jugendbildungswerk (youth education)

Notable people

Honorary citizens

Robert Boehringer Robert Boehringer (30 July 1884, in Winnenden – 9 August 1974, in Geneva) was a German industrialist and poet. Boehringer was the son of a factory owner. He spent his childhood, youth, and his student years in Basel, where he also had his Ph.D. ...

, entrepreneur and lyricist, named an honorary citizen of Ingelheim in 1974 *

Christian Rauch Christian Daniel Rauch (2 January 1777 – 3 December 1857) was a German sculptor. He founded the Berlin school of sculpture, and was the foremost German sculptor of the 19th century. Life Rauch was born at Arolsen in the Principality of ...

(1878–1976), archaeologist, named an honorary citizen of Ingelheim 16 December 1974

Sons and daughters of the town

Portrait of the Cosmographer Sebastien Munster WGA

(1488–1552), scientist (cosmographer, Hebraist) *

Johannes Anspach Johannes is a Medieval Latin form of the personal name that usually appears as "John" in English language contexts. It is a variant of the Greek and Classical Latin variants (Ιωάννης, ''Ioannes''), itself derived from the Hebrew name '' Yeh ...

(1752–1823), pastelist, draftsman, painter, owner of an artist's studio in the Netherlands *

Klaus Knopper Klaus Knopper (born 1968 in Ingelheim) is a German electrical engineer and free software developer. Knopper is the creator of Knoppix, a well-known live CD Linux distribution. He received his degree in electrical engineering from the Kaiserslaute ...

(born 1968), developer of Linux distribution Knoppix *

Markus Kreuz Markus Kreuz (born 29 April 1977) is a German former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. Career Kreuz played professionally for 1. FSV Mainz 05, 1. FC Kaiserslautern, Hannover 96, 1. FC Köln, Eintracht Frankfurt, FC Rot-Weis ...

(born 1977), footballer

Other celebrities

, held court in Ingelheim in 807 *

, died in 840 in a summer tent on an island in the Rhine off Ingelheim * The House of Ingelheim, among them

Anselm Franz von Ingelheim Anselm Franz von Ingelheim may refer to: * Anselm Franz von Ingelheim (Archbishop of Mainz) (1634–1695), 17th-century Roman Catholic archbishop-elector *Anselm Franz von Ingelheim (Bishop of Würzburg) Anselm Franz of Ingelheim (1683–1749) wa ...

, Archbishop of Mainz *

Jean-Baptiste Kléber Jean-Baptiste Kléber () (9 March 1753 – 14 June 1800) was a French general during the French Revolutionary Wars. After serving for one year in the French Royal Army, he entered Habsburg service seven years later. However, his plebeian ances ...

, during the Siege of Mainz in 1793 headquartered in Ingelheim *

Eduard Douwes Dekker Eduard Douwes Dekker (2 March 182019 February 1887), better known by his pen name Multatuli (from Latin ''multa tulī'', "I have suffered much"), was a Dutch writer best known for his satirical novel ''Max Havelaar'' (1860), which denounced the a ...

, known as Multatuli (2 March 1820 in Amsterdam – 19 February 1887 in Ingelheim am Rhein) *

Richard von Weizsäcker Richard Karl Freiherr von Weizsäcker (; 15 April 1920 – 31 January 2015) was a German politician ( CDU), who served as President of Germany from 1984 to 1994. Born into the aristocratic Weizsäcker family, who were part of the German nobilit ...

, from 1962 to 1966 managing partner of

Pope Joan Pope Joan (''Ioannes Anglicus'', 855–857) was, according to legend, a woman who reigned as pope for two years during the Middle Ages. Her story first appeared in chronicles in the 13th century and subsequently spread throughout Europe. The s ...

, Johanna von Ingelheim, a perhaps real, perhaps fictitious figure

References

External links

Town’s official webpage

Official Website of the Ingelheim Imperial Palace

Deutsch-Israelischer Freundeskreis Ingelheim e.V.

The Stevenage-Ingelheim-Autun Association
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ingelheim Am Rhein Towns in Rhineland-Palatinate Mainz-Bingen Rhenish Hesse Holocaust locations in Germany