John Ricardo Irfan "Juan" Cole (born October 23, 1952) is an American academic and commentator on the modern
Middle East
The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (Europ ...
and
South Asia
South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical
Geography (from Greek: , ''geographia''. Combination of Greek words ‘Geo’ (The Earth) and ‘Graphien’ (to describe), literally "earth descr ...
.
[ Dead link; no archive located.] He is
Richard P. Mitchell Collegiate Professor of History at the
University of Michigan
, mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth"
, former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821)
, budget = $10.3 billion (2021)
, endowment = $17 billion (2021)As o ...
. Since 2002, he has written a
weblog
A blog (a truncation of "weblog") is a discussion or informational website published on the World Wide Web consisting of discrete, often informal diary-style text entries (posts). Posts are typically displayed in reverse chronological order ...
, ''Informed Comment'' (''juancole.com'').
Background
Cole was born in
Albuquerque, New Mexico. His father served in the
United States Army Signal Corps
The United States Army Signal Corps (USASC) is a branch of the United States Army that creates and manages communications and information systems for the command and control of combined arms forces. It was established in 1860, the brainchild of Ma ...
. When Cole was age two, his family left New Mexico for France. His father completed two tours with the U.S. military in France (a total of seven years) and one 18-month stay at
Kagnew Station
Kagnew Station was a United States Army installation in Asmara, Eritrea on the Horn of Africa. The installation was established in 1943 as a U.S. Army radio station, taking over and refurbishing a pre-existing Italian naval radio station, '' Radi ...
in
Asmara,
Eritrea (then
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...
). Cole was schooled at twelve schools in twelve years, at a series of dependent schools on military bases but also sometimes in civilian schools. Some schooling occurred in the United States, particularly in
North Carolina
North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and ...
and
California
California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
.
Baháʼí studies
Cole converted to the
Baháʼí Faith
The Baháʼí Faith is a religion founded in the 19th century that teaches the essential worth of all religions and the unity of all people. Established by Baháʼu'lláh in the 19th century, it initially developed in Iran and parts of the ...
in 1972 and spent 25 years writing and travelling in support of the religion. He had several works published through Baháʼí publishers and co-edited an online journal (''Occasional Papers in the Shaykhi, Babi, and Baha'i Religions''). Some of these were unofficial translations, and two volumes by/about early Baháʼí theologian
Mírzá Abu'l-Fadl.
In 1994 Cole participated in a discussion group that became a forum for dissent among Baháʼí academics against the
Baháʼí administration
The Baháʼí administration or Baháʼí administrative order is the administrative system of the Baháʼí Faith. It has two arms, the elected and the appointed. The supreme governing institution of the Baháʼí Faith is the Universal Hou ...
. Cole was perceived as leading a dissident faction, and resigned his membership in 1996 after being confronted by Baháʼí leadership. He declared himself a
Unitarian Universalist
Unitarian or Unitarianism may refer to:
Christian and Christian-derived theologies
A Unitarian is a follower of, or a member of an organisation that follows, any of several theologies referred to as Unitarianism:
* Unitarianism (1565–present) ...
.
Soon after his resignation, Cole created an email list and website called H-Bahai, which became a repository of both primary source material and critical analysis on the religion.
Cole went on to critically attack the Baháʼí Faith in several books and articles written from 1998–2002, describing a prominent Baháʼí as "inquisitor" and "bigot", and accusing Baháʼí institutions of cult-like tendencies.
Appointments and awards
Cole was awarded
Fulbright-Hays fellowships to India (1982) and to Egypt (1985–1986). In 1991 he held a
National Endowment for the Humanities
The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) is an independent federal agency of the U.S. government, established by thNational Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act of 1965(), dedicated to supporting research, education, preserv ...
grant for the study of
Shia Islam
Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, m ...
in
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
. From 1999 until 2004, Juan Cole was the editor of ''
The International Journal of Middle East Studies
The ''International Journal of Middle East Studies'' is a scholarly journal published by the Middle East Studies Association of North America (MESA), a learned society.
See also
* Middle East Research and Information Project
* Association for t ...
''. He has served in professional offices for the
American Institute of Iranian Studies The American Institute of Iranian Studies (AIIrS) is a non-profit consortium of US universities and museums, founded in 1967, for the purpose of promoting Iranian and Persian studies. AIIrS facilitates academic and cultural exchange between the US ...
and on the editorial board of the journal ''Iranian Studies''.
He is a member of the
Middle East Studies Association of North America
Middle East Studies Association (often referred to as MESA) is a learned society, and according to its website, "a non-profit association that fosters the study of the Middle East, promotes high standards of scholarship and teaching, and encoura ...
,
and served as the organization's president for 2006.
In 2006, he received the James Aronson Award for Social Justice Journalism administered by
Hunter College. He is a member of the Community Council of the
National Iranian American Council
The National Iranian American Council (NIAC; fa, شورای ملی ایرانیان آمریکا) is a NGO based in Washington, D.C. The NIAC Action, the sister organization of NIAC, was formed in 2015 to build political power for Iranian America ...
(NIAC).
Notable work
Cole founded the Global Americana Institute to translate works concerning the United States into Arabic. The first volume was selected works of
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809. He was previously the natio ...
, and the second was a translation of a biography of
Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King Jr. (born Michael King Jr.; January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist, one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968 ...
along with selected speeches and writings.
Current affairs history
After September 11, 2001, Cole turned increasingly to writing on radical Muslim movements, the Iraq War, United States foreign policy, and the Iran crisis. He calls his work not "contemporary history" but "current affairs history".
Cole testified on Iraq before the
Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
The United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations is a standing committee of the U.S. Senate charged with leading foreign-policy legislation and debate in the Senate. It is generally responsible for overseeing and funding foreign aid p ...
in 2004.
''Informed Comment'' blog
Since 2002, Cole has published the blog ''Informed Comment'', covering "History, Middle East, South Asia, Religious Studies, and the
War on Terror
The war on terror, officially the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT), is an ongoing international counterterrorism military campaign initiated by the United States following the September 11 attacks. The main targets of the campaign are militant ...
". Cole's prominence quickly rose through his blog, and ''Foreign Policy'' commented in 2004, "Cole's transformation into a public intellectual embodies many of the dynamics that have heightened the impact of the blogosphere. He wanted to publicize his expertise, and he did so by attracting attention from elite members of the blogosphere. As Cole made waves within the virtual world, others in the real world began to take notice".
In 2006
National Journal called Cole "the most respected voice on foreign policy on the left" and his blog ranked the 99th most popular in 2009, but it has since fallen off the list.
Views
Cole chastised several U.S. presidential candidates, including
Hillary Clinton
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton ( Rodham; born October 26, 1947) is an American politician, diplomat, and former lawyer who served as the 67th United States Secretary of State for President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013, as a United States sen ...
,
Rudy Giuliani, and
Mitt Romney, for making bellicose statements about Iran in order to present themselves in a tougher or more conservative light.
In 2002, Cole rejected the Bush administration's early claims of Iraqi cooperation with
Al-Qaeda, commenting that
Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein ( ; ar, صدام حسين, Ṣaddām Ḥusayn; 28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was an Iraqi politician who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003. A leading member of the revolutio ...
had "persecuted and killed both Sunni and Shiite fundamentalists in great number", as well as claims to the effect that Iraq was developing
weapons of mass destruction
A weapon of mass destruction (WMD) is a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or any other weapon that can kill and bring significant harm to numerous individuals or cause great damage to artificial structures (e.g., buildings), natu ...
. Rather than making America safer, he says, the war has ironically had the opposite effect: inspiring anti-U.S. militants.
In a 2005 speech at the
Middle East Policy Council
The Middle East Policy Council (MEPC) is a Washington, D.C.-based 501(c)3 non-profit organization that produces analysis and commentary on issues impacting U.S. national interests in the Middle East. It was founded in 1981 under the stated mission ...
, Cole was critical of the U.S. allying itself with offshoots of the
Islamic Dawa Party
The Islamic Dawa Party, also known as the Islamic Call Party ( ar, حزب الدعوة الإسلامية, Ḥizb ad-Daʿwa al-Islāmiyya), is an Shia Islamist political party in Iraq. Dawa and the Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council are two of the ...
in Iraq but vehemently opposing
Hezbollah in Lebanon.
Ahmadinejad's remarks on Israel
Cole and
Christopher Hitchens
Christopher Eric Hitchens (13 April 1949 – 15 December 2011) was a British-American author and journalist who wrote or edited over 30 books (including five essay collections) on culture, politics, and literature. Born and educated in England, ...
traded barbs regarding the translation and meaning of a passage referring to Israel in a speech by Iran President
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Fathi Nazila of ''
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid d ...
''s
Tehran
Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...
bureau translated the passage as "Our dear Imam
homeini Khomeini is an Iranian name, derived from the Iranian city of Khomein. The most prominent Khomeini is Ruhollah Khomeini.
Notable people named Khomeini include:
* Ruhollah Khomeini, former Supreme Leader of Iran
*Ahmad Khomeini, son of Ruhollah Kh ...
said that the occupying regime must be wiped off the map."
In an article published at the ''
Slate'' website, Hitchens accused Cole of attempting to minimize and distort the meaning of the speech, which Hitchens understood to be a repetition of "the standard line" that "the state of Israel is illegitimate and must be obliterated." Hitchens also denigrated Cole's competence in both Persian and "plain English" and described him as a Muslim apologist.
Cole responded that while he personally despised "everything Ahmadinejad stands for, not to mention the odious Khomeini",
he nonetheless objected to the ''New York Times'' translation.
Cole wrote that it inaccurately suggested Ahmadinejad was advocating an invasion of Israel ("that he wants to play Hitler to Israel's Poland"). He added that a better translation of the phrase would be "the occupation regime over Jerusalem should vanish from the page of time," a metaphysical if not poetic reference rather than a militaristic one.
He also stated that Hitchens was incompetent to assess a Persian-to-English translation, and accused him of unethically accessing private Cole e-mails from an on-line discussion group.
CIA harassment allegations
In 2011,
James Risen
James Risen (born April 27, 1955) is an American journalist for ''The Intercept''. He previously worked for ''The New York Times'' and before that for ''Los Angeles Times''. He has written or co-written many articles concerning U.S. government ...
reported in ''
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid d ...
'' that
Glenn Carle Glenn Carle is an American writer and former intelligence officer. He is the author of ''The Interrogator: An Education'' (2011), which describes his involvement in the interrogation of a man at the time believed to be one of the top members of al-Q ...
, a former
Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, ...
officer who was a top
counterterrorism official during the administration of President
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. A member of the Republican Party, Bush family, and son of the 41st president George H. W. Bush, he ...
, "said the White House at least twice asked intelligence officials to gather sensitive information" on Cole "in order to discredit him".
[ Risen, James (2011-06-15]
Ex-Spy Alleges Bush White House Sought to Discredit Critic
''The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid d ...
'' "In an interview, Mr. Carle said his supervisor at the
National Intelligence Council
The National Intelligence Council (NIC), established in 1979 and reporting to the Director of National Intelligence, bridges the United States Intelligence Community (IC) with policy makers in the United States. The NIC produces the "Global Tren ...
told him in 2005 that White House officials wanted 'to get' Professor Cole, and made clear that he wanted Mr. Carle to collect information about him, an effort Mr. Carle rebuffed. Months later, Mr. Carle said, he confronted a CIA official after learning of another attempt to collect information about Professor Cole. Mr. Carle said he contended at the time that such actions would have been unlawful."
[
]
Criticism
Yale controversy
In 2006, Cole was nominated to teach at Yale University
Yale University is a Private university, private research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Established in 1701 as the Collegiate School, it is the List of Colonial Colleges, third-oldest institution of higher education in the United Sta ...
and was approved by both Yale's sociology and history departments. However, the senior appointments committee overruled the departments, and Cole was not appointed.
According to "several Yale faculty members", the decision to overrule Cole's approval was "highly unusual". Yale Deputy Provost Charles Long stated that "Tenure appointments at Yale are very complicated and they go through several stages, and he candidatescan fail to pass at any of the stages. Every year, at least one and often more fail at one of these levels, and that happened in this case." The history department vote was 13 in favor, seven opposed, and three abstentions. Professors interviewed by the '' Yale Daily News'' said "the faculty appeared sharply divided."
Yale historian Paula Hyman
Paula Hyman (September 30, 1946 – December 15, 2011) was a social historian and the Lucy Moses Professor of Modern Jewish History at Yale University.
She served as the president of the American Academy for Jewish Research from 2004 to 2008. Sh ...
commented that the deep divisions in the appointment committee were the primary reasons that Cole was rejected: "There was also concern, aside from the process, about the nature of his blog and what it would be like to have a very divisive colleague." Yale political science professor Steven B. Smith commented, "It would be very comforting for Cole's supporters to think that this got steamrolled because of his controversial blog opinions. The blog opened people's eyes as to what was going on." Another Yale historian, John M. Merriman, said of Cole's rejection: "In this case, academic integrity clearly has been trumped by politics."Philip Weiss
Philip Weiss is an American journalist who co-edits '' Mondoweiss'' ("a news website devoted to covering American foreign policy in the Middle East, chiefly from a progressive Jewish perspective") with journalist Adam Horowitz. Weiss describes h ...
"Burning Cole"
''The Nation
''The Nation'' is an American liberal biweekly magazine that covers political and cultural news, opinion, and analysis. It was founded on July 6, 1865, as a successor to William Lloyd Garrison's '' The Liberator'', an abolitionist newspaper t ...
'', July 3, 2006.
In an interview on ''Democracy Now!
''Democracy Now!'' is an hour-long American TV, radio, and Internet news program hosted by journalists Amy Goodman (who also acts as the show's executive producer), Juan González, and Nermeen Shaikh. The show, which airs live each weekday at ...
'', Cole said that he had not applied for the post at Yale: "Some people at Yale asked if they could look at me for a senior appointment. I said, 'Look all you want.' So that's up to them. Senior professors are like baseball players. You're being looked at by other teams all the time. If it doesn't result in an offer, then nobody takes it seriously." He described the so-called "scandal" surrounding his nomination as "a tempest in a teapot" that had been exaggerated by "neo-con journalists": "Who knows what their hiring process is like, what things they were looking for?"
Other controversies
Alexander H. Joffe in the ''Middle East Quarterly
The Middle East Forum (MEF) is an American conservative think tank founded in 1990 by Daniel Pipes, who serves as its president. MEF became an independent non-profit organization in 1994. It publishes a journal, the '' Middle East Quarterly''.
...
'' has written that "Cole suggests that many Jewish American officials hold dual loyalties, a frequent anti-Semitic theme." Cole argues that his critics have "perverted the word 'antisemitic, and also points out that "in the Middle East Studies establishment in the United States, I have stood with Israeli colleagues and against any attempt to marginalize them or boycott them".
According to Efraim Karsh
Efraim Karsh ( he, אפרים קארש; born 1953) is an Israeli–British historian who is the founding director and emeritus professor of Middle East and Mediterranean Studies at King's College London. Since 2013, he has served as professor of p ...
, Cole has done "hardly any independent research on the twentieth-century Middle East", and characterized Cole's analysis of this era as "derivative". He has also responded to Cole's criticism of Israeli policies and the influence of the " Israel lobby", comparing them to accusations that have been made in anti-semitic writings.
Jeremy Sapienza of ''Antiwar.com
Antiwar.com is a website that describes itself as devoted to non-interventionism and as opposing imperialism and war. It is a project of the Randolph Bourne Institute. The website states that it is "fighting the next information war”.
Histor ...
'' has criticized Cole for what he deems as partisan bias on issues of war and peace, citing his support for wars supported by the U.S. Democratic Party Democratic Party most often refers to:
*Democratic Party (United States)
Democratic Party and similar terms may also refer to:
Active parties Africa
*Botswana Democratic Party
*Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea
*Gabonese Democratic Party
*Demo ...
as in the Balkans
The Balkans ( ), also known as the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throughout the who ...
and Libya, while opposing wars supported by the U.S. Republican Party such as the wars in Iraq.[Sapienza, Jeremy]
"Juan Cole's Conveniently Partisan Intervention Issues"
''Antiwar.com'', August 23, 2011.
Selected bibliography
Monographs and edited works
* '' Engaging the Muslim World'', Palgrave Macmillan
Palgrave Macmillan is a British academic and trade publishing company headquartered in the London Borough of Camden. Its programme includes textbooks, journals, monographs, professional and reference works in print and online. It maintains off ...
, 2009.
* ''Napoleon's Egypt: Invading the Middle East'', Palgrave Macmillan
Palgrave Macmillan is a British academic and trade publishing company headquartered in the London Borough of Camden. Its programme includes textbooks, journals, monographs, professional and reference works in print and online. It maintains off ...
, 2007.
* ''The Ayatollahs and Democracy in Iraq,'' Amsterdam University Press
Amsterdam University Press (AUP) is a university press that was founded in 1992 by the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. It is based on the Anglo-Saxon university press model and operates on a not-for-profit basis. AUP publishes scholarl ...
, 2006.
* ''Nationalism and the Colonial Legacy in the Middle East and Central Asia.'' Co-edited with Deniz Kandiyoti. Special Issue of ''The International Journal of Middle East Studies'' Vol. 34, no. 2 (May 2002), pp. 187–424
* ''Sacred Space and Holy War: The Politics, Culture and History of Shi`ite Islam,'' London: I.B. Tauris
I.B. Tauris is an educational publishing house and imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing. It was an independent publishing house with offices in London and New York City until its purchase in May 2018 by Bloomsbury Publishing.
It specialises in non ...
, 2002.
* ''Modernity and the Millennium:The Genesis of the Baháʼí Faith in the Nineteenth-Century Middle East.'' New York: Columbia University Press
Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University. It is currently directed by Jennifer Crewe (2014–present) and publishes titles in the humanities and sciences, including the fiel ...
, 1998.
* ''Colonialism and Revolution in the Middle East: Social and Cultural Origins of Egypt's `Urabi Movement.'' Princeton: Princeton University Press
Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University. Its mission is to disseminate scholarship within academia and society at large.
The press was founded by Whitney Darrow, with the financia ...
, 1993. Paperback edn., Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 1999.
* ''Comparing Muslim Societies'' (edited, Comparative Studies in Society and History series); Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press
The University of Michigan Press is part of Michigan Publishing at the University of Michigan Library. It publishes 170 new titles each year in the humanities and social sciences. Titles from the press have earned numerous awards, including ...
, 1992.
* ''Roots of North Indian Shi`ism in Iran and Iraq: Religion and State in Awadh, 1722-1859.'' Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press
The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing. It was founded in 1893 to publish scholarly and scientific works by facult ...
, 1988; New Delhi: Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and its printing history dates back to the 1480s. Having been officially granted the legal right to print books ...
, 1991)
* ''Shi'ism and Social Protest.'' (edited, with Nikki Keddie), New Haven: Yale University Press
Yale University Press is the university press of Yale University. It was founded in 1908 by George Parmly Day, and became an official department of Yale University in 1961, but it remains financially and operationally autonomous.
, Yale Universi ...
, 1986.
* ''Muhammad: Prophet of Peace Amid the Clash of Empires.'
Bold Type Books
2018.
Selected recent journal articles and book chapters
Reference:[(2012-06-15]
/ref>
* "Islamophobia and American Foreign Policy Rhetoric: The Bush Years and After". In John L. Esposito and Ibrahim Kalin, eds., ''Islamophobia: the Challenge of Pluralism in the 21st Century'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011), pp. 127–142.
* "Shi'ite Parties and the Democratic Process in Iraq". In Mary Ann Tetreault, Gwen Okruhlik, and Andrzej Kapiszewski, eds. ''Political Change in the Arab Gulf States: Stuck in Transition''. (Boulder, Co.: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2011). pp. 49–71.
* "Notes on 'Iran Today.' ''Michigan Quarterly Review''. (Winter, 2010), pp. 49–55.
* "Playing Muslim: Bonaparte's Army of the Orient and Euro-Muslim Creolization". In David Armitage and Sanjay Subrahmaniyam, eds., ''The Age of Revolutions in Global Context, c. 1760-1840''. (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), pp. 125–143.
* "Struggles over Personal Status and Family Laws in Post-Baathist Iraq". In Kenneth Cuno and Manisha Desai, eds., ''Family, Gender and Law in a Globalizing Middle East and South Asia'' (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2009), pp. 105–125.
* "Iraq and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict in the Twentieth Century". ''Macalester International'', Volume 23 (Spring 2009): 3–23.
* "The Taliban, Women and the Hegelian Private Sphere", in Robert D. Crews and Amin Tarzi, ''The Taliban and the Crisis of Afghanistan'' (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2008), pp. 118–154 (revised version of Social Research article below.)
* "Islamophobia and American Foreign Policy" ''Islamophobia and the Challenges of Pluralism in the 21st Century'', (Washington, D.C.: ACMCU Occasional Papers, Georgetown University, 2008). Pp. 70–79.
* "Marsh Arab Rebellion: Grievance, Mafias and Militias in Iraq", Fourth Wadie Jwaideh Memorial Lecture, (Bloomington, IN: Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures, Indiana University, 2008). pp. 1–31.
* "The Decline of Grand Ayatollah Sistani's Influence". ''Die Friedens-Warte: Journal of International Peace and Organization''. Vol. 82, nos.2–3 (2007): 67–83.
* "Shia Militias in Iraqi Politics". In Markus Bouillon, David M. Malone and Ben Rowswell, eds., ''Iraq: Preventing a New Generation of Conflict'' (Boulder, Co.: Lynne Rienner, 2007), pp. 109–123.
* "Anti-Americanism: It's the Policies". AHR Forum : Historical Perspectives on Anti-Americanism. ''The American Historical Review'', 111 (October, 2006): 1120–1129.
* "The Rise of Religious and Ethnic Mass Politics in Iraq", in David Little and Donald K. Swearer, eds., ''Religion and Nationalism in Iraq: A Comparative Perspective'' (Cambridge, Mass.: Center for the Study of the World Religions/ Harvard University Press, 2006), pp. 43–62.
* "Muslim Religious Extremism in Egypt: A Historiographical Critique of Narratives", in Israel Gershoni, et al., eds. ''Middle East Historiographies: Narrating the Twentieth Century'' (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2006), pp. 262–287.
* "Of Crowds and Empires: Afro-Asian Riots and European Expansion, 1857–1882". xtensively revised.In Fernando Coronil and Julie Skurski, eds. ''States of Violence''. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2006, pp. 269–305.
* "Empires of Liberty? Democracy and Conquest in French Egypt, British Egypt and American Iraq". In ''Lessons of Empire: Imperial Histories and American Power''. Ed. Calhoun, Craig, Frederick Cooper and Kevin W. Moore, eds. New York: The New Press, 2006. pp. 94–115. .
* "A 'Shiite Crescent'? The Regional Impact of the Iraq War". ''Current History''. (January 2006): 20–26.
* Juan Cole et al., "A Shia Crescent: What Fallout for the U.S.?" ''Middle East Policy'' Volume XII, Winter 2005, Number 4, pp. 1–27. (Joint oral round table).
* "The United States and Shi'ite Religious Factions in Post-Ba'thist Iraq", ''The Middle East Journal'', Volume 57, Number 4, Autumn 2003, pp. 543–566.
* "The Imagined Embrace: Gender, Identity and Iranian Ethnicity in Jahangiri Paintings". In Michel Mazzaoui, ed. ''Safavid Iran and her Neighbors'' (Salt Lake City: Utah University Press, 2003), pp. 49–62.
* "Mad Sufis and Civic Courtesans: The French Republican Construction of Eighteenth-Century Egypt". In Irene Bierman, ed. ''Napoleon in Egypt''. (London: Ithaca Press, 2003), pp. 47–62.
* "Al-Tahtawi on Poverty and Welfare", in Michael Bonner, Mine Ener and Amy Singer, eds. ''Poverty and Charity in Middle Eastern Contexts'' (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2003), pp. 223–238.
Translations
* ''Religion in Iran: From Zoroaster to Baha'u'llah by Alessandro Bausani.'' ditor of this English translation of Persia Religiosa, Milan, 1958, and contributor of afterwords and bibliographical updates New York: Bibliotheca Persica Press, 2000.
* ''Broken Wings: A Novel'' by Kahlil Gibran. ranslation of the Arabic novel, al-Ajnihah al-Mutakassirah.Ashland, Or.: White Cloud Press, 1998)
* ''The Vision r-Ru'yaof Kahlil Gibran'' rose poems translated from the Arabic Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1998. ardcover Edn.: Ashland, Or.: White Cloud Press, 1994)
* ''Spirit Brides [`Ara'is al-murujof Kahlil Gibran'' [short stories translated from the Arabic]. Santa Cruz: White Cloud Press, 1993.
*
Letters and Essays 1886–1913 (Rasa'il va Raqa'im) of Mírzá Abu'l-Fadl Gulpaygani
' r. from Arabic and Persian Los Angeles: Kalimat Press, 1985.
*
Miracles and Metaphors (Ad-Durar al-bahiyyah) of Mírzá Abu'l-Fadl Gulpaygani
' r. from the Arabic and annotated Los Angeles: Kalimat Press, 1982)
References
External links
*
Home page
at the University of Michigan
, mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth"
, former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821)
, budget = $10.3 billion (2021)
, endowment = $17 billion (2021)As o ...
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Cole, Juan
1952 births
Living people
American bloggers
21st-century American historians
21st-century American male writers
American political commentators
University of Michigan faculty
Islam and politics
Former Bahá'ís
Translators from Arabic
Middle Eastern studies in the United States
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Northwestern University alumni
Writers from Albuquerque, New Mexico
Science fiction fans
20th-century American writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
American male non-fiction writers
Fulbright alumni