Investments into an industry or project can produce temporary and long-term employment. The resulting jobs are typically categorized as being one of three types. A direct job is employment created to fulfill the emand for a product or service.
An indirect job is a job that exists to produce the
goods and services
Goods are items that are usually (but not always) tangible, such as pens, physical books, salt, apples, and hats. Services are activities provided by other people, who include architects, suppliers, contractors, technologists, teachers, doctor ...
needed by the workers with direct jobs.
Indirect employment includes the things need direct on the job as well as jobs produced because of the worker's needs (e.g.,
uniform
A uniform is a variety of clothing worn by members of an organization while participating in that organization's activity. Modern uniforms are most often worn by armed forces and paramilitary organizations such as police, emergency services, se ...
s). Employment created by the additional personal spending (e.g., eating at a restaurant) by both direct and indirect workers is classified as an induced job.
Projects may produce temporary and long-term jobs.
jobs tend to be long term.
Examples
Efficiency of job production
Investments in some projects or industries are more efficient at producing direct and indirect jobs. For example, investing US$1,000,000 in the petroleum industry produces fewer direct and indirect jobs than investing the same amount of money in renewable energy or Efficient energy use, energy efficiency.
A special economic zone produces fewer indirect jobs if it is isolated from the country's main economy, and more if it is well integrated.
[{{Cite book , last=Development , first=United Nations Conference on Trade and , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5OGoDwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PT197&dq=indirect+jobs&hl=en , title=World Investment Report 2019: Special Economic Zones , date=2019-08-09 , publisher=United Nations , isbn=978-92-1-004158-4 , language=en , quote=In 2017, SEZs provided about 166,000 direct jobs and an estimated 250,000 indirect ones, the majority of which were still low-skilled workers (blue collar, 71 per cent), even though the share of technical workers has steadily grown since 2012.] For example, the special economic zone in the Dominican Republic provided 166,000
formal direct jobs plus 250,000 indirect jobs in 2017.
References
Employment
Employment classifications
Economic stimulus programs