History
History of the word
The first use of the word ''indigenization'' recorded by the OED is in a 1951 paper about studies conducted in India about Christian missionaries. The word was used to describe the process of making churches indigenous in southern India. It was used in ''History of the use
Throughout history, the process of making something indigenous has taken different forms. Other words that describe similar processes of making something local are Africanization, localization, glocalization, and Americanization. However, those terms describe a specific case of the process of making something indigenous. The terms may be rejected in favor of the more general term of indigenization because the others may have too narrow of a scope. For example,Types
Linguistics
In this context, indigenization is used to refer to how a language is adopted in a certain area such as French in Africa. The term is used to describe the process where a language needed to be indigenized was in Africa where the ex-colonizer's language required some references to African religion andEconomy
Indigenization is seen as the process of changing someone to a person of more corroboration towards their surroundings. A large part of that process is the economy of said surroundings. Indigenization has played an important part in the economic roles of society. Thanks to The Indigenization and Economic Empowerment Act, black people were offered a more distinguished position in the economy, with foreigners having to give up 51% of their business to black people. China's Open Door Policy is seen as a big step of indigenization for their economy, as it is opening its doors to the western world. This allowed different cultures to experience one another and opened up China's businesses to the western world as well, which set China forth in a sort of economic reform.Social work
Another big part of indigenization is social work, although it is unknown what the actual process is when social forces come into place. Indigenization is seen by some as less of a process of naturalization and more of a process of culturally relevant social work. Indigenization was not the standard, but it was a way to accustom others to a surrounding point of view but also to help understand where the people came from and their heritage. However, some argue that the indigenization of social work may work when it comes to foreigners being brought into Western cultures, it would not work as well in non-Western cultures. They also argue that Western cultures seem to exaggerate the similarities and the differences between Western and foreign cultures.Indigenization and the Economic Empowerment Act
The Indigenization and Economic Empowerment Act was passed by Zimbabwe Parliament in 2008. It is a set of regulations meant to regulate businesses, compelling foreign-owned firms to sell 51-percent of their business to native Zimbabweans over the following years. Five-year jail terms are assigned to foreigners who do not submit an indigenisation plan or use natives as fronts for their businesses. The intent of the law is to ensure the country's indigenous members fulfill a more prominent role in the economy. Controversy rose over this intent, with opponents stating that the law will scare away foreign investors. Indigenous Zimbabweans are defined as "any person who, before the 18th April, 1980 hen Zimbabwe gained independence from British Empire">Britain">Zimbabwe<_a>_gained_indep.html" ;"title="Zimbabwe.html" ;"title="hen Zimbabwe">hen Zimbabwe gained independence from British Empire">Britain was disadvantaged by unfair discrimination on the grounds of his or her race, and any descendant of such person, and includes any company, association, syndicate or partnership of which indigenous Zimbabweans form the majority of the members or hold the controlling interest". This provision allows the minister of youth development, indigenization and economic empowerment, Saviour Kasukuwere, to keep a database of indigenous businesses from which foreign interest can pick partners. At the time of the law passing, the ruling party in Zimbabwe was Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front, Zanu-PF, led by the president Robert Mugabe. Saviour Kasukuwere is a member of this party, which brought up skepticism among economists who speculated that the database may be used by the party to give its allies the best deals. Mr. Kasukuwere stated that he will implement the law regardless of objections.Place names
Federal government organizations like theSee also
* Angolanidade * Cultural homogenization * Indigenism ** Indigenismo * Korenizatsiya *References
{{Cultural assimilation Ethnicity Social history Linguistic controversies Cultural assimilation Indigenous politics