Indian Association for the Cultivation Of Science (New Gate)

Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) is a

public In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichk ...

, deemed,

research university A research university or a research-intensive university is a university that is committed to research as a central part of its mission. They are the most important sites at which knowledge production occurs, along with "intergenerational kno ...

for higher education and research in basic sciences under the Department of Science & Technology, Government of India, situated at the heart of the Cultural capital of India. Established in 1876 by

Mahendralal Sarkar Mahendralal Sarkar CIE (other spellings: মহেন্দ্রলাল সরকার, Mahendra Lal Sarkar, Mahendralal Sircar, Mahendralal Sircir; 2 November 1833 – 23 February 1904) was a Bengali medical doctor (MD), the second MD grad ...

, a private medical practitioner, it focuses on fundamental research in basic sciences. It is Asia's oldest

research institute A research institute, research centre, research center or research organization, is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often i ...

Located at

Jadavpur Jadavpur is a southern neighbourhood of Kolkata in the district of Kolkata of West Bengal, India. Jadavpur is one of the important junctions in South Kolkata. Jadavpur University and a number of research institutes of national and internation ...

South Kolkata Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, commer ...

near

Jadavpur University Jadavpur University is a public state university located in Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It was established in 1905 as ''Bengal Technical Institute'' and was converted into Jadavpur University in 1955. In 2022, it was ranked fourth am ...

Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (CGCRI) is a Kolkata-based National research institute under Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India. Established in 1950, it focuses on the area of glass, ceramics, mica, refractories ...

and

Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB) is a biomedical research centre in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Established in 1935 as Indian Institute of Experimental Medicine (IIEM), it was inducted under the aegis of Council of Scientific & ...

. It is spread over a limited area of 9.5

acre The acre is a unit of land area used in the imperial Imperial is that which relates to an empire, emperor, or imperialism. Imperial or The Imperial may also refer to: Places United States * Imperial, California * Imperial, Missouri * Imp ...

s and currently in the process of building a super-advanced SMART campus at Baruipur. The association is engaged in research in various fields of

physics Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...

chemistry Chemistry is the science, scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a natural science that covers the Chemical element, elements that make up matter to the chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions ...

biological sciences Biology is the scientific study of life. It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. For instance, all organisms are made up of cells that process hereditary ...

mathematical Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...

and computational sciences, materials sciences and various interdisciplinary areas.

Indian Journal of Physics (IJP)

Indian Journal of Physics The ''Indian Journal of Physics'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science. It was established in 1926 by C. V. Raman and covers a ...

'' was founded in 1926. It is published monthly. Springer distributes print version of the Journal worldwide. The present chief editor of the journal is Prof. Subham Majumdar, who is a senior professor in the School of Physical Sciences, IACS.

Second Campus (Offshore Campus at Baruipur)

Union Minister of Science and Technology, Dr. Harsha Vardhan unveiled the foundation stone of the Syamaprasad Mukherjee Advanced Research and Training (SMART) campus of Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science(IACS) at Baruipur. It will have the facilities for cutting-edge research in multiple disciplines such as fundamental sciences, engineering sciences and medical sciences.

Academic Divisions

Starting from 2018, after being declared as a deemed university by MHRD, for academic purposes, departments and centres in the Institute are broadly assigned to six major schools, each headed by a Chairperson (School Chair): # School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences (SAIS) # School of Biological Sciences (SBS) # School of Chemical Sciences (SCS) # School of Materials Sciences (SMS) # School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences (SMCS) # School of Physical Sciences (SPS) Apart from these 6 major schools, there are a few centers, designed to perform specific and cutting-edge research, by the institute administration: # Centre for Computer Research, Education and Services (CCRES) # Director's Research Unit (DRU) # Technical Research Center (TRC) # Central Scientific Services (CSS) # Raman Centre of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Sciences # Polymer Structural Unit # Energy Research Unit

Administration

Indian_Association_for_Cultivation_of_Science

At its inception, the IACS was headed by a President, with the Honorary Secretary responsible for the day-to-day running of the Society. Until 1911, the office of President was ''de facto'' held by the Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal, when the Lieutenant-Governor (Governor from 1912) became the co-patron of the Society alongside the

Viceroy of India The Governor-General of India (1773–1950, from 1858 to 1947 the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom and after Indian independence in 19 ...

, whose office-holders were automatically Patrons of the Society until 1947.With the exceptions of Sir (later Lord)

Antony MacDonnell Lord MacDonnell Antony Patrick MacDonnell, 1st Baron MacDonnell, (7 March 1844 – 9 June 1925), known as Sir Antony MacDonnell between 1893 and 1908, was an Irish civil servant, much involved in the administration of India. He was Permanent Un ...

(Lieutenant-Governor 1893-1895), Sir Charles Cecil Stevens (Lieutenant-Governor 1897-1898),

James Bourdillon James Dewar Bourdillon (1811–1883), was a British civil servant in Madras (now Chennai). Life Bourdillon was the second son of the Rev. Thomas Bourdillon, vicar of Fenstanton and Hilton, Huntingdonshire. He was educated partly by his father, a ...

(Lieutenant-Governor 1902-1903), Sir

Lancelot Hare Sir Lancelot Hare (7 December 1851 – 7 October 1922) was a British civil servant and former Lieutenant Governor of the Bengal province of the British Raj. Early life Hare was born in London, Britain. He was educated at the City of London School. ...

(Lieutenant-Governor 1906) and Francis Slacke (Lieutenant-Governor 1906-1908). Following India's independence in 1947, the administration of the IACS was reconstituted, with the designation of "Honorary Director" substituted for "Honorary Secretary." The Director's prefix of ''"Honorary"'' was dropped in 1953.

Presidents of the IACS (1876-present)

Sir Richard Temple, 1st Baronet Sir Richard Temple, 1st Baronet (8 March 1826 – 15 March 1902) was a British colonial administrator in 19th-century India, who served as Governor of Bombay from 1877 to 1880. Early life Temple was the son of Richard Temple (1800–1874) and ...

FRS (1876-1877) * Mahendra Sarobar, IACS

The Hon.

Sir ''Sir'' is a formal honorific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "Sieur" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exist in French only as ...

Ashley Eden

FASB The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is a private standard-setting body whose primary purpose is to establish and improve Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) within the United States in the public's interest. The Securi ...

(1877-1882) *Sir Augustus Rivers Thompson (1882-1887) *Sir

Steuart Bayley Sir Steuart Colvin Bayley (26 November 1836 – 3 June 1925) was a British civil servant and Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal from 1887 to 1890. Early life He was the son of William Butterworth Bayley, who rose to be acting Governor-General of In ...

(1887-1890) * Meghnad Saha stat

Sir

Charles Alfred Elliott Sir Charles Alfred Elliott (8 December 1835 – 28 May 1911) was a Lieutenant Governor of Bengal. Life He was born on 8 December 1835 at Brighton, was son of Henry Venn Elliott, vicar of St. Mary's, Brighton, by his wife Julia, daughter of Joh ...

FASB (1890-1895) *Sir Alexander Mackenzie (1895-1898) *Sir John Woodburn (1898-1903) *Sir

Andrew Henderson Leith Fraser Sir Andrew Henderson Leith Fraser (14 November 1848 – 26 February 1919) was a British officer of the Indian Civil Service and the Lieutenant Governor of Bengal between 1903 and 1908. Early life and education Born in Bombay on 14 Novembe ...

FASB (1903-1909) *Sir

Edward Norman Baker Sir Edward Norman Baker, KCSI (23 March 1857 – 28 March 1913) s:Dictionary of Indian Biography/Baker, Edward Norman was a British colonial officer who became Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal. The son of Arthur Baker, he was educated at Christ's C ...

(1909-1911) *

Raja ''Raja'' (; from , IAST ') is a royal title used for South Asian monarchs. The title is equivalent to king or princely ruler in South Asia and Southeast Asia. The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested f ...

Pyare Mohan Mukherjee FASB (1911-1922) *Hon. Justice Sir

Ashutosh Mukherjee Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee (anglicised, originally Asutosh Mukhopadhyay, also anglicised to Asutosh Mookerjee) (29 June 1864 – 25 May 1924) was a prolific Bengali educator, jurist, barrister and mathematician. He was the first student to be awar ...

FASB,

FRSE Fellowship of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Scotland's national academy of science and letters, judged to be "eminently distinguished in their subject". This soci ...

FRAS FRAS may refer to: * Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society, post-nominal letters * Fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland Fellows of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland are individuals who have bee ...

, MRIA (1922-1924) *Sir

Rajendra Nath Mookerjee Sir Rajendra Nath Mookerjee (or Rajen Mookerjee; 23 June 1854 – 15 May 1936) was a pioneering Bengali Indian industrialist.Sengupta, Subodh Chandra and Bose, Anjali (editors), (1976/1998), ''Sansad Bangali Charitabhidhan'' (Biographical dict ...

FASB (1924-1934?) *Sir

Nilratan Sircar Sir Nilratan Sircar M.A. M.D. D.Sc. (1 October 1861 – 18 May 1943) was an Indian doctor, educationist, philanthropist and swadeshi entrepreneur. He was awarded honorary DCL by University of Oxford & LL.D by University of Edinburgh. He was a ...

(1934-1942) *Prof.

Rai Bahadur RAI – Radiotelevisione italiana (; commercially styled as Rai since 2000; known until 1954 as Radio Audizioni Italiane) is the national public broadcasting company of Italy, owned by the Ministry of Economy and Finance (Italy), Ministry of Eco ...

Sir

Upendranath Brahmachari Rai Bahadur Sir Upendranath Brahmachari ( bn, উপেন্দ্রনাথ ব্রহ্মচারী) (19 December 1873 – 6 February 1946) was a leading Indian physician and scientist of his time. He synthesised Urea-Stibamine (car ...

FNI, FASB (1942-1946) *Prof.

Meghnad Saha Meghnad Saha (6 October 1893 – 16 February 1956) was an Indian astrophysicist who developed the Saha ionization equation, used to describe chemical and physical conditions in stars. His work allowed astronomers to accurately relate the sp ...

FNI, FASB, FRS (1946-1951) *Prof. Sir

Jnan Chandra Ghosh Sir Jnan Chandra Ghosh or Jnanendra Chandra Ghosh (4 September 1894 – 21 January 1959) was an Indian chemist best known for his contribution to the development of scientific research, industrial development and technology education in Ind ...

FNI (1951-1954) *Hon. Justice

Charu Chandra Biswas Charu Chandra Biswas CIE (21 April 1888 – 9 December 1960) was an Indian National Congress politician. Details Biswas began his career as a ''Lawyer'' in the Calcutta High Court. The imperial British government appointed him a Companion of ...

(1954-1957) *Hon. Chief Justice Phani Bhusan Chakravartti (1957-1958) *Prof.

Satyendra Nath Bose Satyendra Nath Bose (; 1 January 1894 – 4 February 1974) was a Bengali mathematician and physicist specializing in theoretical physics. He is best known for his work on quantum mechanics in the early 1920s, in developing the foundation for ...

FNI, FRS (1958-1962) *Hon. Justice Rama Prasad Mookerjee (1962-1965) *Prof.

Jnanendra Nath Mukherjee Jnanendra Nath Mukherjee CBE, FRSC (23 April 1893, Mahavdepur, Rajshahi District-today in Bangladesh – 10 May 1983), was an Indian colloid chemist. Early life Jnanendra Nath Mukherjee was the eldest son of his parents, Shri Durgadas Muk ...

FNI, FCS (1965-1968) *Prof.

Basanti Dulal Nagchaudhuri Basanti Dulal Nagchaudhuri (6 September 1917 – 25 June 2006) was an Indian physicist and academic, and a scientific advisor to the Government of India. He is known as one of the pioneers of nuclear physics in India and for building the nation' ...

FNA (first term, 1968–1970)Prior to 1970, the

Indian National Science Academy The Indian National Science Academy (INSA) is a national academy in New Delhi for Indian scientists in all branches of science and technology. In August 2019, Dr. Chandrima Shaha was appointed as the president of Indian National Science Academ ...

was named the "National Institute of Sciences of India", and its fellows bore the post-nominal "FNI". The post-nominal became "FNA" in 1970 when the association adopted its present name. *Prof. Sushil Kumar Mukherjee FNA (first term, 1970–1973) *Prof. Sukumar Chandra Sirkar FNA (1973-1974) *Prof. Basanti Dulal Nagchaudhuri FNA (second term, 1974–1977) *Prof. Bimal Kumar Bachhawat FNA (1977-1983) *Prof. Sushil Kumar Mukherjee FNA (second term, 1983–1997) *Prof. Arun Kumar Sharma FNA, FASc (1997-2000) *Prof. M. M. Chakraborty (2000-2003) * Independence Day celebration at IACS

Prof. Ashesh Prosad Mitra FNA, FASc, FRS (2003-2007) *Prof.

Shri Krishna Joshi Prof. Shri Krishna Joshi (6 June 1935 – 15 May 2020) was an Indian physicist. He was born on 6 June 1935 in the village of Anarpa in Kumaun, Uttarakhand, India. Career Joshi received his Ph.D. in physics from Allahabad University in 1962. J ...

FNA, FASc (2007-2014) *Prof.

Man Mohan Sharma Man Mohan Sharma FREng (born May 1, 1937 in Jodhpur, Rajasthan) is an Indian chemical engineer. He was educated at Jodhpur, Mumbai, and Cambridge. At age 27, he was appointed Professor of Chemical Engineering in the Institute of Chemical Techno ...

FNA, FASc, FRS,

FREng Fellowship of the Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng) is an award and Scholarship, fellowship for engineers who are recognised by the Royal Academy of Engineering as being the best and brightest engineers, inventors and technologists in the UK a ...

(2014–2021) *Prof. Srivari Chandrasekhar, FNA, FASc (2021 – 2022) *Prof. Vinod K. Singh, FNA, FASc, FNASc, FTWAS (2022 - present)

Secretaries and Directors of the IACS

Honorary Secretaries of the IACS (1876-1947)

Honorary Directors of the IACS (1947-1953)

Directors of the IACS (1953-present)

Notable alumni and associates

Nobel Laureate

* Sir C.V. Raman, FRS, Former Faculty of IACS

Bharat Ratna (Highest Civil Honor in India)

* Sir C.V. Raman, FRS, Former Faculty of IACS * Prof. C.N.R. Rao, FRS, Former Chairman of Review Committee of IACS

Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS), London

* Sir J. C. Bose, former faculty of IACS *

Sir C. V. Raman Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (; 7 November 188821 November 1970) was an Indian physicist known for his work in the field of light scattering. Using a spectrograph that he developed, he and his student K. S. Krishnan discovered that when ...

, former faculty of IACS * Prof. Meghnad Saha, former faculty and Director of IACS *

K. S. Krishnan Sir Kariamanikkam Srinivasa Krishnan, FRS, (4 December 1898 – 14 June 1961) was an Indian physicist. He was a co-discoverer of Raman scattering, for which his mentor C. V. Raman was awarded the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics. Early life K ...

, alumnus, former faculty of IACS *

S. N. Bose Satyendra Nath Bose (; 1 January 1894 – 4 February 1974) was a Bengali mathematician and physicist specializing in theoretical physics. He is best known for his work on quantum mechanics in the early 1920s, in developing the foundation for ...

, former faculty of IACS * A. P. Mitra, former Chairman of the IACS Council * C. N. R. Rao, former Chairman of the Review Committee of IACS and IACS Fellow * M. M. Sharma, former Chairman of the IACS Governing Council and IACS Fellow * TV Ramakrishnan (IACS Fellow) * Ajay Sood (IACS Fellow)

Padma Vibhushan (Civil Honor in India)

* C. N. R. Rao, former Chairman of the Review Committee of IACS and IACS Fellow * M. M. Sharma, former Chairman of the IACS Governing Council and IACS Fellow

Padma Bhusan (Civil Honor in India)

, alumnus, former faculty of IACS Padma Shri (Civil Honor in India) * Vinod K. Singh, Chairman of Governing Council, IACS

TWAS Prize

* C. N. R. Rao, former Chairman of the Review Committee of IACS and IACS Fellow *

Animesh Chakravorty Animesh Chakravorty FNA, FASc (born 30 June 1935) is a Bengali Indian inorganic chemist. In 1975, he was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology in chemistry by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. E ...

, former faculty of IACS *

Kankan Bhattacharyya Kankan Bhattacharyya was a modern non-linear Spectroscopy, laser spectroscopy scientist. His main interest is in femtosecond dynamics in nano-confined systems that include biological assemblies. His primary discovery is the ultraslow nature of bio ...

, former student, faculty and Director of IACS *

Santanu Bhattacharya Santanu Bhattacharya (born 1958) is an Indian chemical biologist and former professor at the Indian Institute of Science. At, present he is the Director of the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati (IISER-Tirupati). He i ...

, former Director of IACS *D. D. Sharma, former faculty member, IACS

Alexander von Humboldt Research Award

* D. Mukherjee, former student, faculty and Director of IACS

Fellow of the World Academy of Sciences (FTWAS)

* C. N. R. Rao, former Chairman of the Review Committee of IACS and IACS Fellow * D. Mukherjee, former student, faculty and Director of IACS *

, former student, faculty and Director of IACS *

, former Director of IACS * T. Saha-Dasgupta, former Faculty of IACS

Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar (SSB) Prize

, alumnus, former faculty of IACS * S. Basu, received in 1965, former faculty of IACS * C. N. R. Rao, former Chairman of the Review Committee of IACS and IACS Fellow * U. R. Ghatak, former Director and faculty of IACS *

, former faculty of IACS *

Mihir Chowdhury Mihir Chowdhury Indian National Science Academy, FNA, Indian Academy of Sciences, FASc (15 July 1937 – 28 March 2017) was an Indian physical chemist and Professor and Head of Department of Chemistry at Presidency College, Kolkata and at the D ...

, former faculty of IACS * D. Mukherjee, former student, faculty and Director of IACS *

, former student, faculty and Director of IACS * Akhil R. Chakravarty, former Student of IACS * D. S. Ray, former student and faculty of IACS * Sourav Pal, former student of IACS *

, former Director of IACS *

Samaresh Bhattacharya Samaresh Bhattacharya (born 1960) is an Indian inorganic and organometallic chemist and a professor of the department of chemistry at Jadavpur University. He also serves as a dean of the faculty of science at the university and is known for his s ...

, former Student of IACS * Krishnendu Sengupta, present faculty member, IACS *

Pradyut Ghosh Pradyut Ghosh (born 17 February 1970) is an Indian inorganic chemist and a professor at the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science. He is known for his studies on chemical sensing of anions, interlocked molecules and self-assembly and ...

, present faculty member, IACS * P. S. Mukherjee, former Student of IACS * Jyotirmayee Dash, present faculty member, IACS

Notable research works

Nobel laureate

conducted his work on the

Raman effect Raman scattering or the Raman effect () is the inelastic scattering of photons by matter, meaning that there is both an exchange of energy and a change in the light's direction. Typically this effect involves vibrational energy being gained by a ...

in this institute. His work was first published in the

, which is published by IACS. At the university,

Debashis Mukherjee Debashis Mukherjee is a theoretical chemist, well known for his research in the fields of molecular many body theory, theoretical spectroscopy, finite temperature non-perturbative many body theories. Mukherjee has been the first to develop and ...

developed the Mk-MRCC method to account for electron correlations in molecular systems. Another important discovery has been in the area of solvation dynamics of molecules and particular the dynamics of water molecules around the surfaces of membranes. These experiments performed by Professor

provided an insight into the behavior of water near biological surfaces and led to his coining of the word "biological water".

Notes

References

External links

* *

Ray–Dutt twist The Ray–Dutt twist is a mechanism proposed for the racemization of octahedral complexes containing three bidentate chelate rings. Such complexes typically adopt an octahedral molecular geometry in their ground states, in which case they posses ...

Raman Effect Raman scattering or the Raman effect () is the inelastic scattering of photons by matter, meaning that there is both an exchange of energy and a change in the light's direction. Typically this effect involves vibrational energy being gained by a ...

{{authority control Nanotechnology institutions Deemed universities in India Research institutes in West Bengal Research institutes in Kolkata Council of Scientific and Industrial Research 1876 establishments in India Scientific organizations established in 1876 Educational institutions established in 1876