A doctor of both laws, from the Latin ''doctor utriusque juris'', or ''juris utriusque doctor'', or ''doctor juris utriusque'' ("doctor of both laws") (abbreviations include: JUD, IUD, DUJ, JUDr., DUI, DJU, Dr.iur.utr., Dr.jur.utr., DIU, UJD and UID) is a scholar who has acquired a doctorate in both

civil Civil may refer to: *Civic virtue, or civility *Civil action, or lawsuit * Civil affairs *Civil and political rights *Civil disobedience *Civil engineering *Civil (journalism), a platform for independent journalism *Civilian, someone not a membe ...

and church law. The degree was common among Roman Catholic and German scholars of the Middle Ages and early modern times. Today the degree is awarded by the Pontifical Lateran University after a period of six years of study, by the University of Würzburg, and by the University of Fribourg, as well as the University of Cologne. Between approximately the twelfth through the eighteenth centuries European students of law mastered the ''Ius commune'', a pan-European legal system that held sway during that span. It was composed of canon (church) law and Roman and feudal (civil) law, resulting in the degree of "Doctor of both laws". or of "Licentiatus of both laws".

Doctors of Civil and Canon Law

* Agliardi, Antonio,

Cardinal Cardinal or The Cardinal may refer to: Animals * Cardinal (bird) or Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of cardinal in the family Cardinalidae **''Cardinalis cardinalis'', or northern cardinal, the ...

Camerlengo Camerlengo (plural: ''camerlenghi'', Italian for "chamberlain") is an Italian title of medieval origin. It derives from the late Latin ''camarlingus'', in turn coming through the Frankish ''kamerling'', from the Latin ''camerarius'' which meant "ch ...

of the Sacred College of Cardinals * Arregui Yarza, Antonio, Metropolitan Archbishop of the

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guayaquil The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Guayaquil ( la, Archidioecesis Guayaquilensis) is an archdiocese located in the city of Guayaquil in Ecuador. Special churches *Minor Basilica: ** Basílica de Nuestra Señora de La Merced in Guayaq ...

, Ecuador * Thomas Bach * Pope Benedict XIV * Bevilacqua, Anthony, Cardinal, Archbishop Emeritus of Philadelphia (USA) *

Jean de Dieu-Raymond de Cucé de Boisgelin Jean de Dieu-Raymond de Cucé de Boisgelin (27 February 1732 – 22 August 1804) was a French prelate, statesman and cardinal. The Boisgelin of Cucé are the Cadet branch of the maison de Boisgelin). His cousin is the famous author Louis de Boi ...

* St. Charles Borromeo * Edoardo Borromeo *

Giacomo Luigi Brignole Giacomo Luigi Brignole (8 May 1797 – 23 June 1853) was a Catholic Cardinal and Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals. Early life Brignole was born on 8 May 1797 in Genoa, then the capital of the Republic of Genoa. He was educated ...

Giovanni Battista Bussi (1755–1844) Giovanni Battista Bussi (Viterbo, 23 January 1755 – Benevento, 31 January 1844) was an Italian cleric. He was raised to cardinal by pope Leo XII Pope Leo XII ( it, Leone XII; born Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiorre Girolamo Nicola della ...

Antonio Maria Cagiano de Azevedo Antonio Maria Cagiano de Azevedo (14 December 1797 – 13 January 1867) was a Catholic Cardinal and held a number of significant legal positions within the Catholic Church during the 19th century. Personal life Cagiano was born 14 December 1797 ...

Étienne Hubert de Cambacérès Étienne, a French analog of Stephen or Steven, is a masculine given name. An archaic variant of the name, prevalent up to the mid-17th century, is Estienne. Étienne, Etienne, Ettiene or Ettienne may refer to: People Scientists and inventors * ...

Giovanni Battista Caprara Giovanni Battista Caprara Montecuccoli (1733 – 1810) was an Italian statesman and Cardinal and archbishop of Milan from 1802 to 1810. As a papal diplomat he served in the embassies in Cologne, Lausanne, and Vienna. As Legate of Pius VII in Fra ...

Filippo Giudice Caracciolo Filippo Giudice Caracciolo was an Italian prelate who was archbishop of Naples from 1833 to 1844. Life Born into a noble family in Naples on 27 March 1785, he entered the Oratorian order in the late years of the 18th century. He was ordained ...

Domenico Carafa della Spina di Traetto Domenico Carafa della Spina di Traetto (12 July 1805 – 17 June 1879) was a Catholic Cardinal, Archbishop of Benevento and Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals. Personal life Carafa was born in Naples, Italy on 12 July 1805. He was th ...

Francesco Carafa di Trajetto Francesco Carafa della Spina di Trajetto (29 April 1722, Naples - 20 September 1818, Rome) was an Italian cardinal. Family He belonged to the family of pope Paul IV and of pope Paul V via his mother. He was the great-great uncle of cardinal Domen ...

* Carafa, Pierluigi (iuniore),

of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Dean of the College of Cardinals *

Luigi Dadaglio Luigi Dadaglio (28 September 1914 – 22 August 1990) was a Roman Catholic Cardinal and Major Penitentiary of the Apostolic Penitentiary. Early life He was born in Sezzadio, Italy. He was educated at the Seminary of Acqui. He was ordained on ...

, Cardinal,

Major Penitentiary of the Apostolic Penitentiary The Apostolic Penitentiary (), formerly called the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Penitentiary, is a dicastery of the Roman Curia and is one of the three ordinary tribunals of the Apostolic See. The Apostolic Penitentiary is chiefly a tribu ...

Antonio Despuig y Dameto Antonio Despuig y Dameto (30 March 1745 – 2 May 1813) was a Spanish archbishop and cardinal. He was Archbishop of Seville (1795–1799) and Latin Patriarch of Antioch (1799–1813). He was born in Palma, Majorca. He was made a cardinal by pope Pi ...

* Michele di Pietro *

Domenico Ferrata Domenico Ferrata JUD (4 March 1847 – 10 October 1914) was an Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal who spent most of his career in the diplomatic service of the Holy See and in the Roman Curia. Life Ferrata was born in Gradoli, near Viterbo to Gio ...

, Cardinal, Secretary of State *

Giuseppe Milesi Pironi Ferretti Giuseppe Milesi Pironi Ferretti (9 March 1817 – 2 August 1873) was an Italian Catholic cardinal and politician of the Holy See. Early life and career Ferretti was born on 9 March 1817 in Ancona and was educated there until he joined the P ...

* Michael J. Fitzgerald, Auxiliary Bishop of the

Archdiocese of Philadelphia The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Philadelphia is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in southeastern Pennsylvania, in the United States. It covers the City and County of Philadelphia as well a ...

Official Biography. *

Enrico Gasparri Enrico Gasparri S.T.D. JUD (25 July 1871 – 20 May 1946) was a Roman Catholic Cardinal and Archbishop. Biography Enrico was ordained on 10 August 1894 at the age of 23. He studied in Rome receiving degrees in theology and philosophy and w ...

, Cardinal, Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura * Pietro Gasparri, Cardinal, Secretary of State, codifier of

1917 Code of Canon Law The 1917 ''Code of Canon Law'' (abbreviated 1917 CIC, from its Latin title ), also referred to as the Pio-Benedictine Code,Dr. Edward Peters accessed June-9-2013 was the first official comprehensive codification of Latin canon law. Ordered ...

Pietro Giannelli Pietro Giannelli (11 August 1807 – 5 November 1881) was an Italian prelate who was elevated to the cardinalate The College of Cardinals, or more formally the Sacred College of Cardinals, is the body of all cardinals of the Catholic Churc ...

Giacomo Giustiniani Giacomo Giustiniani (1769–1843) was an Italian priest, papal diplomat and Cardinal. Considered '' papabile'' in the Papal Conclave (1830–31), his election was vetoed by Ferdinand VII of Spain. He was the younger brother of Vincenzo Giust ...

Józef Glemp Józef Glemp (18 December 192923 January 2013) was a Polish cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Warsaw from 1981 to 2006, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1983. Biography Early life and ordination Józef Glemp was ...

, Cardinal, late Archbishop emeritus of Warsaw ( Poland) *Archbishop Filippo Iannone, appointed Vicegerent of the Diocese of Rome 31 January 2012 *

Stephan Kuttner Stephan George Kuttner (March 24, 1907 in Bonn – August 12, 1996 in Berkeley), an expert in Canon Law, was recognized as a leader in the discovery, interpretation and analysis of important texts and manuscripts that are key to understanding th ...

, Professor, Catholic University of America, Yale University, and University of California at Berkeley, founder of the Stephan Kuttner Institute of Medieval Canon Law * Carlo Laurenzi * Pope Leo XIII *

Alphonsus Maria de Liguori Alphonsus Liguori, CSsR (27 September 1696 – 1 August 1787), sometimes called Alphonsus Maria de Liguori or Saint Alphonsus Liguori, was an Italian Catholic bishop, spiritual writer, composer, musician, artist, poet, lawyer, scholastic philosop ...

, Bishop of Sant'Agata de' Goti * Listecki, Jerome Edward, Archbishop of Milwaukee (USA) *

Vincenzo Macchi Vincenzo Macchi (30 August 1770 – 30 September 1860) was an Italian Cardinal. Career Born on 30 August 1770 in Capodimonte in the Papal States, he studied in Montefiascone and in Rome and was ordained a priest in 1794. In 1801 he gai ...

Lorenzo Girolamo Mattei Lorenzo Girolamo Mattei (29 May 1748, Rome - 24 July 1833) was an Italian cardinal from the house of Mattei. He was promoted to cardinal by pope Gregory XVI in the consistory of 15 April 1833. He was also nominal Latin Patriarch of Antioch Ant ...

Teodolfo Mertel Teodolfo Mertel (9 February 1806 – 11 July 1899) was a lawyer, deacon, and cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the last cardinal not to have been ordained at least a priest. Life He was born in the town of Allumiere, in the Province ...

, last lay cardinal in the Catholic Church * Denzil Meuli, priest of the diocese of Auckland * Alfonso Ortiz, editor of the Mozarabic Missal (1500) and Breviary (1502) *

J. K. Paasikivi Juho Kusti Paasikivi (; 27 November 1870 – 14 December 1956) was the seventh president of Finland (1946–1956). Representing the Finnish Party until its dissolution in 1918 and then the National Coalition Party, he also served as Prime Minister ...

, President of Finland * Giovanni Panico, cardinal and nuncio * Salvatore Pappalardo, Cardinal,

Archbishop of Palermo The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Palermo ( la, Archidioecesis Panormitana) was founded as the Diocese of Palermo in the first century and raised to the status of archdiocese in the 11th century.Italy) *

Thomas J. Paprocki Thomas John Joseph Paprocki (born August 5, 1952) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who has been serving as bishop of the Diocese of Springfield in Illinois since 2010. He previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Arc ...

, Bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Springfield in Illinois (USA) * Peters, Edward N., Catholic University of America, 1991 * Luigi Poggi, Cardinal, Archivist and Librarian Emeritus of the Holy Roman Church * Mario Francesco Pompedda, Cardinal, Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura * Pietro Respighi, Cardinal, Archpriest of the Basilica of St. John Lateran *

Gabriele della Genga Sermattei Gabriele della Genga Sermattei (4 December 1801 – 10 February 1861) was a Catholic Cardinal and Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals. Early life and priesthood Sermattei was born on 4 December 1801 in Assisi. He was the son of ''Count ...

K. J. Ståhlberg K is the eleventh letter of the Latin alphabet. K may also refer to: General uses * K (programming language), an array processing language developed by Arthur Whitney and commercialized by Kx Systems * K (cider), a British draft cider manufac ...

, President of Finland * Alessandro Verde, Cardinal,

Archpriest of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore The Basilica of Saint Mary Major ( it, Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore, ; la, Basilica Sanctae Mariae Maioris), or church of Santa Maria Maggiore, is a Major papal basilica as well as one of the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome and the larges ...

(Italy) *

Pietro Vidoni Pietro Vidoni (8 November 1610 – 5 January 1681) was an Italian Cardinal (Catholicism), cardinal who served from 1652 to 1660 as the papal legate and nuncio to Poland. Personal life Vidoni was born 8 November 1610 in Cremona into Italian nobili ...

Carlo Maria Viganò Carlo Maria Viganò (; born 16 January 1941) is an archbishop of the Catholic Church who served as the Apostolic Nuncio to the United States from 19 October 2011 to 12 April 2016. He previously served as Secretary-General of the Governorate of Va ...

, Archbishop at the centre of the

Vatileaks scandal The Vatican leaks scandal, also known as Vati-Leaks, is a scandal beginning in 2012 initially involving leaked Vatican documents, exposing corruption; in addition, an internal Vatican investigation has purportedly uncovered the blackmailing of ho ...

Jan Wężyk Jan Wężyk (1575–1638), of Wąż Coat of Arms, was a Polish noble and Roman Catholic bishop and Primate of Poland. Biography Jan Wężyk was born in Wola Wężykowa, Poland in 1575.Jean-Baptiste van Dievoet (1775-1862) JUL (Juris Utriusque Licentiatus) of the

Old University of Leuven The Old University of Leuven (or of Louvain) is the name historians give to the university, or ''studium generale'', founded in Leuven, Brabant (then part of the Burgundian Netherlands, now part of Belgium), in 1425. The university was closed in ...

. *

Antonín Theodor Colloredo-Waldsee Antonín Theodor von Colloredo-Waldsee (also: ''Colloredo-Waldsee-Melz'' or ''Colloredo-Melz und Waldsee'') (17 July 1729 – 12 November 1811) was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. Biography Antonín was born on 29 June 1729 in Vie ...

, Cardinal,

Archbishop of Olomouc The following is a list of diocesan bishops and archbishops of Olomouc. Not much is known about the beginnings of the Diocese of Olomouc. It was reestablished in 1063 and in 1777 it was elevated to an archdiocese. Bishops of Olomouc *''89 ...

References

{{Academic degrees Laws, Doctor Law degrees Religious degrees Dual academic degrees Academic canon law *

Doctors of Civil and Canon Law

See also

References