The Improvement Science Research Network (ISRN) is a

research network Scientific collaboration network is a social network where nodes are scientists and links are co-authorships as the latter is one of the most well documented forms of scientific collaboration. It is an undirected, scale-free network where the deg ...

for academics and physicians who are conducting studies in the new medical field of improvement science. Founded in 2009, ISRN is part of the Institute for Integration of Medicine and Science at the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio (UTHSCSA). It is housed in the UTHSCSA School of Nursing. The principal investigator is Kathleen R. Stevens, EdD, MS, RN, ANEF, FAAN). ISRN is supported by the

National Institutes of Health The National Institutes of Health, commonly referred to as NIH (with each letter pronounced individually), is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research. It was founded in the late ...

(NIH) through funds from the

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, pe ...

. ISRN Membership is open to healthcare researchers, academic and clinical scientists,

clinician A clinician is a health care professional typically employed at a skilled nursing facility or clinic. Clinicians work directly with patients rather than in a laboratory or as a researcher. A clinician may diagnose, treat, and otherwise care for pa ...

s, clinical leaders, administrators, and those with a specific interest in patient safety and improvement research.

Services

ISRN provides a national laboratory for investigators from across broad geographical range to study improvement, healthcare delivery systems, dissemination, implementation, translation,

safety Safety is the state of being "safe", the condition of being protected from harm or other danger. Safety can also refer to risk management, the control of recognized hazards in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk. Meanings There are ...

, and patient outcomes. ISRN infrastructure supports

virtual collaboration Virtual collaboration is the method of collaboration between virtual team members that is carried out via technology-mediated communication. Virtual collaboration follows the same process as collaboration, but the parties involved in virtual colla ...

in the conduct of network studies through direct engagement of study partners and sites, network study

principal investigator In many countries, the term principal investigator (PI) refers to the holder of an independent grant and the lead researcher for the grant project, usually in the sciences, such as a laboratory study or a clinical trial. The phrase is also often us ...

s, and

centralized Centralisation or centralization (see spelling differences) is the process by which the activities of an organisation, particularly those regarding planning and decision-making, framing strategy and policies become concentrated within a particu ...

support. ISRN is registered with the

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ; pronounced "ark" by initiates and often "A-H-R-Q" by the public) is one of twelve agencies within the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The agency is headquartered i ...

as an active PBRN.

Improvement science

improvement science" is an emerging field that shares common aspects with implementation science,

translational science Translational research (also called translation research, translational science, or, when the context is clear, simply translation) is research aimed at translating (converting) results in basic research into results that directly benefit humans. ...

, healthcare delivery science, and

knowledge translation Knowledge translation (KT) is the activities involved in moving research from the laboratory, the research journal, and the academic conference into the hands of people and organizations who can put it to practical use. Knowledge translation is mos ...

. These fields are similar in their focus on transforming what is learned from research into common practice to improve care processes and outcomes. "Improvement science" is proposed as the most inclusive term in this list and is proposed as a specialty within health services research.

Terminology

The ISRN framework and the Stevens Star Model of Knowledge Transformation (Stevens, 2015) are reflected in an international effort to create common terminology of organizational interventions for implementing best

evidence-based practice Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the idea that occupational practices ought to be based on scientific evidence. While seemingly obviously desirable, the proposal has been controversial, with some arguing that results may not specialize to indiv ...

s into health practices, systems and policies. To date, this effort resulted in development of a simplified model of interventions to promote and integrate evidence into health practices, systems, and policies (Colquhoun, et al., 2013) and a review of classification schemes for these interventions (Lokker, C., et al., 2015).

Research priorities

ISRN has established national stakeholder consensus on research priorities that distinguish it from other practice-based research networks (Stevens & Ovretveit, 2013). These priorities highlight gaps in improvement knowledge as identified by clinical and academic scholars, leaders, and change agents across major healthcare disciplines. The research priorities guide decisions about the direction of ISRN discovery and dissemination efforts toward ISRN-sponsored knowledge in each of the following domains of improvement science: * Coordination and Transitions of Care – this category emphasizes strategies for improvement to care processes in specific clinical conditions. At this time, care coordination and transitions of care are the key clinical focus. Examples of Research Issues: Team performance, medication reconciliation, discharge for prevention of early readmission, patient centered care, measurement of targeted outcomes. * High Performing Clinical Systems and Microsystems Approaches to Improvement – this category emphasizes structure and process in clinical care and healthcare as complex adaptive systems. Examples of Research Issues: Frontline provider engagement, factors related to uptake, adoption and implementation, sustaining improvements and improvement processes. * Evidence-Based Quality Improvement and Best Practice – this category emphasizes closing the gap between

knowledge Knowledge can be defined as awareness of facts or as practical skills, and may also refer to familiarity with objects or situations. Knowledge of facts, also called propositional knowledge, is often defined as true belief that is distinc ...

and practice through transforming knowledge and designating and implementing

best practice A best practice is a method or technique that has been generally accepted as superior to other known alternatives because it often produces results that are superior to those achieved by other means or because it has become a standard way of doing ...

s. Examples of Research Issues: Develop and critically appraise

clinical practice Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care practice ...

guidelines, adoption and spread of best practices, customization of best practices, institutional elements in adoption, defining best practice in absence of evidence, consumers in EBP, technology-based integration. * Learning Organizations and Culture of Quality and Safety – this category emphasizes human factors and other aspects of a system related to organizational culture and commitment to quality and safety. Examples of Research Issues: Unit based nursing quality teams, protecting strategy from culture, engendering values and beliefs for culture of

patient safety Patient safety is a discipline that emphasizes safety in health care through the prevention, reduction, reporting and analysis of error and other types of unnecessary harm that often lead to adverse patient events. The frequency and magnitude of a ...

Governance

ISRN is affiliated with the PBRN Resource Center of the Institute for Integration of Medicine and Science, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio. Through this alignment, ISRN addresses "Translational Science 3" (T3) phases of moving knowledge into practice. ISRN is advised by the ISRN Steering Council. The Steering Council is composed of twelve healthcare experts, leaders, and stakeholders from both private and public agencies and facilities. . ISRN activities are supported by a coordinating team housed in the

School of Nursing Nurse education consists of the theoretical and practical training provided to nurses with the purpose to prepare them for their duties as nursing care professionals. This education is provided to student nurses by experienced nurses and other med ...

Events

Web events

The first session of the ISRN web event series, "The Way Forward: An Introduction to Improvement Science", was held in June 2010. Presented by Jack Needleman, PhD, FAAN, and Kathleen R. Stevens, this introductory session showcased the activities of the ISRN as a catalyst for change. The discussion included definition of improvement science, exploration of the overlapping

paradigm In science and philosophy, a paradigm () is a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns, including theories, research methods, postulates, and standards for what constitute legitimate contributions to a field. Etymology ''Paradigm'' comes f ...

s of improvement science, translational science, and implementation science and explanation of the need and context for improvement research and a discussion of improvement science research methods, study opportunities, and ISRN research results.

External links

Institute for Integration of Medicine and Science

Kathleen R. Stevens

References

{{Reflist * Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)(2006). Fact Sheet: AHRQ support for primary care practice-based research networks (PBRNs). Rockville, MD: The Agency. Retrieved from nttp:/www.ahrq.gov/research/pbrn/bprnfact.htm * American Nurses Association (ANA). (2007) The National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI). Washington, DC: ANA. * Berwick DM. (2008). The science of improvement. JAMA. 2008;299(10):1182-4. * Bietz, M.J., Abrams, S, Cooper, D.M., Stevens, K.R., Puga, F., Patel, D.I, ... Olson, J,S. (2012). Improving the odds through the Collaboration Success Wizard. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 1–7. * Colquhoun, H., Leeman, J., Michie, S., Lokker, C., Bragge, P., Hempel, S.,... Grimshaw, J.(2014). Towards a simplified model of interventions to promote and integrate evidence into health practices, systems, and policies. Implementation Science, 9, 51. (open access) * Davidoff, F., Batalden, P., Stevens, D., Ogrinc, G., & Mooney, S. (2008). Publication guidelines for improvement studies in health care: evolution of the SQUIRE project. Annals of Internal Medicine. 149(9,670-677. * Dolor, R.J., Smith, P.C., Neale, A.V. & Agency for Health Care Research and Quality Practice-Based Research Network (2008). Institutional review board training for community practices: advice from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Practice-Based Research Network listserv. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 21(4):345-352. * Graham, D.G., Spano, M.S., Stewart, T.V., Staton, E.W., Meers, A., & Pace, W.D. (2007). Strategies for planning and launching PBRN research studies: a project of the Academy of Family Physicians National Research Network (AAFP NRN). Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine. Mar-Apr;20(2),220-228. * Newhouse, R.P., Pettit, J.C., Poe S., & Rocco L. (2006). The slippery slope: differentiating between quality improvement and research. Journal of Nursing Administration, 36(4),211-219. * Newhouse, R., Bobay, K, Dykes, P.C., Stevens, K.R., & Titler, M. (2013). Methodology issues in implementation science. Medical Care, 51(4 Suppl. 2), S32-S40. * Patel, D.I., Stevens, K.R., & Puga, F. (2013). Variations in Institutional Review Board approval in the implementation of an improvement science research study. Nursing Research and Practice. Article ID 548591, 6 pages. (open access) * Puga, F, Stevens, K.R. & Patel, D. I. (2013). Adoption of best practices in team science within in a healthcare improvement research network. Nursing Research and Practice. Article ID 814360, 7 pages. (open access) * Sorra, J.S. and Nieva, V.F. (2004). Hospital survey on patient safety culture (Publication No. 04-0041). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. * Stevens, K.R. & Ovretveit, J. (2013). Improvement research priorities: USA survey and expert consensus. Nursing Research and Practice, 2013 (Article ID 695729), 1–8.(open access) * Stevens, K.R., Puga, F, Patel, D.I. (2012). An Evidence-Based Research Collaborative Guide. San Antonio, TX: Academic Center for Evidence-Based Practice, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. * Stevens, K,R. (2012). Stevens Star Model of EBP: Knowledge transformation. Center for Advancing Clinical Excellence. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. * Stevens, K. R. (2013). The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 8(2), 4. (open access) * Stevens, K. R. (2011). National Institute of Nursing Research has widened the Flue Highway of translation research

etter Etter is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Albert Etter (born 1872), American horticulturist *Bill Etter (born 1950), American football quarterback *Bob Etter (born 1945), American football placekicker, bridge player, and profess ...

Research & Theory for Nursing Practice: An International Journal. 25(3), 157–159. * Vincent, D., Hastings-Tolsma, M. & Stevens, K.R. (2013). Dissemination and implementation research: Intersection between nursing science and health care delivery. Nursing Research and Practice, Article ID 802767. Scientific organizations based in the United States