The Imperial Legislative Council (ILC) was the

legislature A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make law Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its p ...

of the

British Raj The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent; * * it is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or Direct rule in India, * Quote: "Mill, who was himsel ...

from 1861 to 1947. It was established under the Charter Act of 1853 by providing for the addition of 6 additional members to the Governor General Council for legislative purposes. Thus, the act separated the legislative and executive functions of the council and it was this body within the GG council which came to known as the Indian/Central Legislative Council. In 1861 it was renamed as Imperial Legislative Council and the strength was increased. It succeeded the Council of the Governor-General of India, and was succeeded by the

Constituent Assembly of India The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to frame the Constitution of India. It was elected by the 'Provincial Assembly'. Following India's independence from the British rule in 1947, its members served as the nation's first Parliament as ...

and after 1950, was succeeded by

Parliament of India The Parliament of India (International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration, IAST: ) is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India. It is a bicameralism, bicameral legislature composed of the president of India and two houses: the R ...

. During the rule of the

East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...

, the council of the

Governor-General of India The Governor-General of India (1773–1950, from 1858 to 1947 the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom and after Indian independence in 1 ...

had both executive and legislative responsibilities. The council had four members elected by the Court of Directors. The first three members were permitted to participate on all occasions, but the fourth member was only allowed to sit and vote when legislation was being debated. In 1858, the British Crown took over the administration from the

. The council was transformed into the Imperial Legislative Council, and the Court of Directors of the Company, which had the power to elect members of the Governor-General's Council, ceased to have this power. Instead, the one member who had a vote only on legislative questions came to be appointed by the Sovereign, and the other three members by the

Secretary of State for India His (or Her) Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for India, known for short as the India Secretary or the Indian Secretary, was the British Cabinet minister and the political head of the India Office responsible for the governance of th ...

Predecessors

The

Regulating Act of 1773 The Regulating Act of 1773 (formally, the East India Company Act 1772) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain intended to overhaul the management of the East India Company's rule in India. The Act did not prove to be a long-term soluti ...

limited the influence of the

and established the Council of Four, elected by the

's Court of Directors.

Pitt's India Act The East India Company Act (EIC Act 1784), also known as Pitt's India Act, was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain intended to address the shortcomings of the Regulating Act of 1773 by bringing the East India Company's rule in India un ...

of 1784 reduced the membership to three, and also established the

India Board The Board of Commissioners for the Affairs of India (commonly known as the India Board or the Board of Control) was an arm of the Government of the United Kingdom responsible for managing the government's interest in British India and the East Ind ...

1861 to 1892

The

Indian Councils Act 1861 The Indian Councils Act 1861 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that transformed India's executive council to function as a cabinet run on the portfolio system. This cabinet had six "ordinary members", who each took charge of a s ...

made several changes to the Council's composition. The council was now called the Governor-General's Legislative Council or the Imperial Legislative Council. Three members were to be appointed by the

, and two by the Sovereign. (The power to appoint all five members passed to the Crown in 1869.) The viceroy was empowered to appoint an additional six to twelve members. The five individuals appointed by the Indian Secretary or Sovereign headed the executive departments, while those appointed by the Governor-General debated and voted on legislation.

Indians in the Council

There were 45 Indians nominated as additional non-official members from 1862 to 1892. Out of these 25 were

zamindars A zamindar ( Hindustani: Devanagari: , ; Persian: , ) in the Indian subcontinent was an autonomous or semiautonomous ruler of a province. The term itself came into use during the reign of Mughals and later the British had begun using it as a ...

and seven were rulers of

princely states A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign entity of the British Indian Empire that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule, subject to ...

. The others were lawyers, magistrates, journalists and merchants. The participation of the Indian members in the council meetings was negligible. * Raja Sir Deo Narayan Singh of Benaras (Jan 1862–1866) * Narendra Singh, Maharaja of Patiala (Jan 1862–1864) *

Dinkar Rao Raja Sir Dinkar Rao Rajwade (20 December 18199 January 1896) was an Indian Statesman, born in Ratnagiri District, Bombay Presidency. He was the son of Ragoba Dadu by his first wife. He was a Chitpavan Brahmin. Little or nothing is known ...

(Jan 1862–1864) *

Yusef Ali Khan Nawab Muhammad Yusef Ali Khan Bahadur, KSI, (5 March 1816 – 21 April 1865) was a Nawab of the princely state of Rampur from 1855 to 1865. During the First War of Independence, he rendered many useful services to the Government of India by k ...

, Nawab of Rampur (Sep 1863–1864) * Maharaja Sir Mirza Gajapati Viziaram, Raj Bahadur of Vizianagram (Jan 1864–1866)(Apr 1872–1876) * Raja Sir Sahib Dayal of Kishen Kot (Jan 1864–1866) * Mahtabchand Bahadur, Raja of Burdwan (Nov 1864–1866) *

Khwaja Abdul Ghani Nawab Bahadur Sir Khwaja Abdul Ghani (30 July 1813 – 24 August 1896) was the second Nawab of Dhaka and the first to assume the title of Nawab as hereditary, recognized by the British Raj. He introduced the panchayat system, gaslights, wat ...

, Nawab of Dacca (Dec 1867–1869) *

Prasanna Coomar Tagore Prasanna may refer to: People As sole name * Prasanna (actor) (Prasanna Venkatesan, active from 2001), Indian film actor * Prasanna (theatre director) (born 1951), Indian theatre director and playwright * V. V. Prasanna, a Tamil playback singer ...

(Dec 1867–1873) * Dheoraj Singh of Kashipur (Jan 1868–1870) * Sawai Ram Singh II, Maharaja of Jaipur (Aug 1868–1870) and (Aug 1871–1875) * Digvijay Singh, Raja of Balrampur (Oct 1868–1870) * Ramanath Tagore (Feb 1873–1875) *Raja Shamsher Parkash of Sirmur * Sir Ishwari Prasad Narayan Singh, Maharaja of Benaras (1876) * Sir Narendra Krishna Deb (1876) * Nawab Faiz Ali Khan, Nawab Bahadur of

Pahasu Pahasu is a town and a nagar panchayat in Bulandshahr district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Geography Pahasu is located at . It has an average elevation of 187 metres (613 feet). History Pahasu was a jagir during British India owned ...

(1877) *

Kalb Ali Khan Hajji Nawab Kalb Ali Khan Bahadur (1832 – 23 March 1887) was a Nawab of the princely state of Rampur from 1865 to 1887. Succeeding his father, Sir Nawab Yusef Ali Khan Bahadur, he continued his father's good works, expanding the Rampur ...

, Nawab of Rampur (1878–1887) *

Syed Ahmad Khan Sir Syed Ahmad Khan KCSI (17 October 1817 – 27 March 1898; also Sayyid Ahmad Khan) was an Indian Muslim reformer, philosopher, and educationist in nineteenth-century British India. Though initially espousing Hindu-Muslim unity, he ...

(1878–1882) *

Jatindramohan Tagore Maharaja Bahadur Sir Jatindramohan Tagore ( bn, যতীন্দ্রমোহন ঠাকুর; 16 May 1831 – 10 January 1908) was a theatre enthusiast, art-lover, and philanthropist from Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent.Sengupta ...

(Bengal Zamindars) (1880–1881) *

Raghubir Singh of Jind Maharaja Raghubir Singh (1832 – 7 March 1887) was a Maharaja of Jind State of the Phulkian dynasty who reigned from 1864 to 1887. Early life Singh was born at Bazidpur in 1832, the younger of two sons of Swarup Singh of Jind. In 1848, he ...

(1880) * Raja Shiva Prasad of Benaras * Durga Charan Laha, Maharaja of Shyampukur (1882) (Calcutta Merchants) *

Kristo Das Pal Kristo Das Pal ( bn, কৃষ্ণদাস পাল; 1838 – 24 July 1884), was an Indian journalist, orator and the editor of the '' Hindoo Patriot''. In spite of being born of the Teli or oil-men's caste, which ranks low in the Hindu socia ...

(1883) *

Syed Ameer Ali Syed Ameer Ali Order of the Star of India (1849–1928) was an Indian/ British Indian jurist hailing from the state of Oudh from where his father moved and settled down at Bengal Presidency. He was a prominent political leader, and author of a n ...

(1883– ) *

Vishvanath Narayan Mandlik Vishvanath Narayan Mandlik, C.S.I. (8 March 1833 – 9 May 1899) was an eminent Bombay citizen, lawyer, author and a legal expert on Hindu law. Although a conservative when dealing in several cases involving Hindu traditions (where he opposed s ...

(1884–1887) * Sir Shankar Bakhsh Singh (1886) * Peary Mohan Mukherjea *

Dinshaw Maneckji Petit Sir Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, 1st Baronet (30 June 18235 May 1901) was an Indian entrepreneur and founder of the first textile mills in India, as well as a great philanthropist. He was part of the Petit family and became the first Petit baronet ...

(1886) *

Khwaja Ahsanullah Nawab Bahadur Sir Khwaja Ahsanullah KCIE (22 August 1846 – 16 December 1901) was the third Nawab of Dhaka. He also authored books in Persian and Urdu under the pen name of Shaheen. Ahsanullah is recognised for his philanthropic works in Ben ...

* Sir

Romesh Chandra Mitra Sir Romesh Chandra Mitra or Romesh Chunder Mitter (1840–13 July 1899) was an Indian judge and the first Indian officiating Chief Justice of the Calcutta High Court. Sir Romesh Mitra Girls school was founded in his honour in 1897. The school loc ...

, Bengal * Krishnaji Lakshman Nulkar, Bombay (1890–1891) *

Rashbihari Ghosh Sir Rashbehari Ghosh (23 December 184528 February 1921) was an Indian politician, lawyer, social worker and philanthropist. Early life Rashbehari Ghosh was born on 23 December 1845 at Torkona village in Khandaghosh area in Purba Bardhaman dis ...

(1892)

1892 to 1909

The

Indian Councils Act 1892 The Indian Councils Act 1892 was an Act of British Parliament that introduced various amendments to the composition and function of legislative councils in British India. Most notably, the act expanded the number of members in the central and ...

increased the number of legislative members with a minimum of ten and maximum of sixteen members. The Council now had 6 officials, 5 nominated non-officials, 4 nominated by the provincial legislative councils of

Bengal Presidency The Bengal Presidency, officially the Presidency of Fort William and later Bengal Province, was a subdivision of the British Empire in India. At the height of its territorial jurisdiction, it covered large parts of what is now South Asia and ...

Bombay Presidency The Bombay Presidency or Bombay Province, also called Bombay and Sind (1843–1936), was an administrative subdivision (province) of British India, with its capital in the city that came up over the seven islands of Bombay. The first mainl ...

, Madras Presidency and

North-Western Provinces The North-Western Provinces was an administrative region in British India. The North-Western Provinces were established in 1836, through merging the administrative divisions of the Ceded and Conquered Provinces. In 1858, the nawab-ruled kingdo ...

and 1 nominated by the chamber of commerce in Calcutta. The members were allowed to ask questions in the Council but not allowed to ask supplementaries or discuss the answer. They were however empowered to discuss the annual financial statement under certain restrictions but could not vote on it.

Indians in the Council

Pherozeshah Mehta Sir Pherozeshah Merwanjee Mehta (4 August 1845 – 5 November 1915) was an Indian politician and lawyer from Bombay. He was knighted by the British Government in India for his service to the law. He became the Municipal commissioner of Bombay ...

, Bombay (1893–1896) (1898–1901) *

Lakshmeshwar Singh Maharaja Sir Lakshmeshwar Singh, Maharaja of Darbhanga (25 September 1858 – 16 November 1898) was the Zamindar and principal landowner of Darbhanga in the Mithila region, presently in the State of Bihar, India. His philanthropic works, admin ...

, Bengal (1893–1898) *Baba Khem Singh Bedi, Punjab nominated (1893–1897), Punjab (1897–1905) *Fazulbhai Vishram, Bombay nominated (1893–) *

Gangadhar Rao Chitnavis Sir Gangadhar Rao Chitnavis (1862 - ?) was an Indian landholder and politician in the Central Provinces, British India. Background and family Chitnavis belonged to the prominent Chitnavis family of Nagpur, a Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu famil ...

, Central Provinces nominated (1893–1909) *

Mir Humayun Jah Bahadur Mir Humayun Jah Bahadur CIE was an Indian nobleman, politician, theosophist and Indian independence activist who served as a non-official member of Madras Legislative Council from 1866 till 1892 and a non-official member of the Imperial Legisla ...

(1893–) *

(1894–1908) *Babu Mohini Mohan Roy (1894) * P. Ananda Charlu, Madras (1895–1903) *

Rahimtulla M. Sayani Rahimtulla Mahomed Sayani (5 April 1847 – 6 June 1902), was an Indian politician who served as the President of the Indian National Congress for a term in 1896, succeeding Surendranath Banerjea. Rahimtullah M Sayani, born in 1847, belonged t ...

, Bombay (1896–1898) *Nawab Amiruddin Ahmad Khan of

Loharu Loharu (also known as Luharu) is a city, municipal committee and assembly constituency in the Bhiwani district of the Indian state of Haryana. It is the administrative headquarters of one of the four administrative sub-divisions of the distric ...

(1897) *Balwant Rao Bhuskute, Central Provinces (1896–1897) *Pandit Bishambar Nath (1897) *Joy Gobind Laha (1897) * Nawab Faiyaz Ali Khan, Nawab Bahadur of

, North-West Provinces (1898–1900) *

Rameshwar Singh Bahadur Rameshwar Singh Thakur (16 January 1860 – 3 July 1929) was the Maharaja of Darbhanga in the Mithila region from 1898 to his death. He became Maharaja on the death of his elder brother Maharaja Sir Lakshmeshwar Singh, who died without issue. ...

, Bengal nominated (1899–1904), Bengal (1904–) * Apcar Alexander Apcar, Bengal Chamber of Commerce (1900–1903) *

Syed Hussain Bilgrami Nawab Syed Hussain Bilgrami, Imad-ul-Mulk Bahadur, CSI (1842-1926) was an Indian civil servant, politician, educationalist and an early leader of the All India Muslim League. Early life Syed Hussain Bilgrami was born in 1844 in Gaya from an ...

(1902–1908) *Raja Surindar Bikram Prakash Bahadur of Sirmur (1902–1907) *

Aga Khan III Sultan Muhammad Shah (2 November 187711 July 1957), commonly known by his religious title Aga Khan III, was the 48th Imam of the Nizariyya. He played an important role in British Indian politics. Born to Aga Khan II in Karachi, Aga Khan II ...

, nominated (1903) *

Gopal Krishna Gokhale Gopal Krishna Gokhale ( �ɡoːpaːl ˈkrɪʂɳə ˈɡoːkʰleː9 May 1866 – 19 February 1915) was an Indian 'moderate' political leader and a social reformer during the Indian independence movement. Gokhale was a senior leader of the India ...

, Bombay (1903–1909) * Ernest Cable, Bengal Chamber of Commerce (1903–) * Rai

Sri Ram Rai Bahadur Sri Ram CIE was an Indian advocate and Government pledger from Lucknow. He was elected to the Council of India on 3 October 1904 as a non-official member representing the United Provinces. Gopal Krishna Gokhale Gopal Krishna Go ...

Bahadur, United Provinces (1903–) * Bipin Krishna Bose, Central Provinces (1903–) * Wadero Ghulam Kadir M.B.E Nominated Ratodero Larrkanao(1913) *

Nawab Syed Muhammad Bahadur Nawab Syed Muhammad Bahadur (1867 – 12 February 1919) was an Indian politician who served as the President of the Indian National Congress in 1913 at Karachi conference. He was the third Muslim to hold this position after Badruddin Tyabji and ...

, Madras (1903–1909) * Nawab Fateh Ali Khan Kazilbash, Punjab (1904) *

R. G. Bhandarkar Sir Ramakrishna Gopal Bhandarkar ( mr, रामकृष्ण गोपाळ भांडारकर) (6 July 1837 – 24 August 1925) was an Indian scholar, orientalist, and social reformer. Early life Ramakrishna Bhandarkar was b ...

(1903) *

Ripudaman Singh Maharaja Ripudaman Singh (4 March 1883 – 12 December 1942), later known as Sardar Gurcharan Singh, was the Maharaja of Nabha State from 1911 to 1928, when he was deposed by the British. He later became an Indian revolutionary. Early life R ...

(1906–1908) *Nawab

Khwaja Salimullah Nawab Sir Khwaja Salimullah Bahadur (7 June 1871 – 16 January 1915) was the fourth Nawab of Dhaka and one of the leading Muslim politicians during the British rule in India. In 1906, the Muslim League was officially founded at the educationa ...

(1908) *

Asutosh Mookerjee Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee (anglicised, originally Asutosh Mukhopadhyay, also anglicised to Asutosh Mookerjee) (29 June 1864 – 25 May 1924) was a prolific Bengali educator, jurist, barrister and mathematician. He was the first student to be awar ...

(1908) *Munshi Madho Lal, United Provinces (1907–1909) *

Theodore Morison Sir Theodore Morison (9 May 1863 – 14 February 1936) was a British educationalist who served as a Member of the Council of India and Director of the University of London Institute in Paris. He is best known as an interpreter of Muslim life ...

(1908) *Maing Ba Tow (1908)

1909 to 1920

The

Indian Councils Act 1909 The Indian Councils Act 1909, commonly known as the Morley–Minto or Minto–Morley Reforms, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that brought about a limited increase in the involvement of Indians in the governance of British In ...

increased the number of members of the Legislative Council to 60, of whom 27 were to be elected. For the first time, Indians were admitted to membership, and there were six Muslim representatives, the first time that such representation had been given to a religious group. The composition of the Council was as follows: * Ex-officio members from the

Viceroy's Executive Council The Viceroy's Executive Council was the cabinet of the government of British India headed by the Viceroy of India. It is also known as the Council of the Governor-General of India. It was transformed from an advisory council into a cabinet consistin ...

(9) * Nominated officials (28) * Nominated non-officials (5): Indian commercial community (1), Punjab Muslims (1), Punjab Landholders (1), Others (2) * Elected from provincial legislatures (27) ** General (13): Bombay(2), Madras(2), Bengal(2), United Provinces(2), Central Provinces, Assam, Bihar & Orissa, Punjab, Burma ** Landholders (6): Bombay, Madras, Bengal, United Provinces, Central Provinces, Bihar & Orissa ** Muslim (6): Bengal (2), Madras, Bombay, United Provinces, Bihar & Orissa ** Commerce (2): Bengal Chamber of Commerce (1), Bombay Chamber of Commerce

Indians in the Council (1909–20)

Nominated Officials

*Kiran Chandra De Mahesh

Nominated Non-Officials

Surendranath Banerjee Sir Surendranath Banerjee often known as Rashtraguru ( bn, Rāṣṭraguru, Teacher of the Nation; 10 November 18486 August 1925) was Indian nationalist leader during the British Rule. He founded a nationalist organization called the Indian Nat ...

(1913–1920), Raja Piari Mohan Mukherjee (1915), Sir Fazalbhoy

Currimbhoy Ebrahim Sir Fazalbhoy Currimbhoy Ebrahim, 1st Baronet (25 October 1839 – 26 September 1924) was a mid 19th century Gujarati Khoja businessman of the Nizari Ismaili faith based in Bombay. He is credited with founding E. Pabaney & Co, a family held tra ...

(−1920),

Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata (R.D. Tata, 1856–1926) was an Indian businessman who played a pivotal role in the growth of the Tata Group in India. He was the first cousin of Jamsetji Tata, a pioneering industrialist and the founder of Tata Sons. He w ...

(1920)

Bengal

* General:

Sachchidananda Sinha Sachchidananda Sinha (10 November 1871 – 6 March 1950) was an Indian lawyer, parliamentarian, and journalist. Early life Sinha was born on 10 November 1871 in Arrah, in Bengal Presidency (in present-day Bihar) into a well-to-do Srivastava Kay ...

(1910–12),

Bhupendra Nath Bose Bhupendra Nath Bose (13 January 1859 – 13 September 1924) was an Indian politician and President of the Indian National Congress in 1914. Life and works Bose was born in Radhanagar, West Bengal in 1859. He graduated from the Presidency Coll ...

(1911–19), Lalit Mohan Chatterjee, Rai Sita Nath Ray Bahadur (1916–19) * Muslims:

Syed Shamsul Huda Syed Shamsul Huda (1862–1922) was a Muslim political leader of the Bengal Executive Council. He became the first British Indian Muslim President of the Legislative council in 1921. Huda was born in Gokarna, palace known as Gokarna Nawa ...

(1911–15), A. K. Ghuznavi (1911), Maulvi Abdul Rahim (1916–1919),

Nawab Bahadur Syed Nawab Ali Chowdhury Syed Nawab Ali Chowdhury (29 December 1863 – 17 April 1929) was Nawab of Dhanbari of Tangail in East Bengal (modern day Bangladesh). He was one of the founders of Dhaka University. He was the first Muslim minister of united Bengal. He was min ...

(1916–20) * Landholders:

Bijoy Chand Mahtab Maharajadhiraja Bahadur Sir Bijay Chand Mahtab, ( bn, মহারাজাধিরাজা বাহাদুর স্যার বিজয়চাঁদ মহতাব; 19 October 1881 – 29 August 1941) was the ruler of Burdwan Estate ...

(1909–12),

Manindra Chandra Nandy Maharaja Sir Manindra Chandra Nandy (29 May 1860 – 12 November 1929) was the Maharaja of Cossimbazar Raj from 1898 to 1929, a philanthropist and reformist during the period of Bengal Renaissance. Family Manindra Chandra Nandy was born on 29 ...

(1916–19)

Bihar & Orissa

* General:

(1912–20),

Madhusudan Das Madhusudan Das (28 April 1848 – 4 February 1934) was an Indian lawyer and social reformer, who founded Utkal Sammilani in 1903 to campaign for the unification of Odisha along with its social and industrial development. He was one of the main ...

(1913), Rai Bahadur Krishna Sahay (1916–1919) * Muslims: Mulana Mazharul Haque (1910–11), Syed Ali Imam (1912) Quamrul Huda (1915), Mohammad Yunus (1916) * Landholders: Rajendra Narayan Bhanja Deo Raja of Kanika (1916–1920)

Bombay

*General:

(1909–1915),

Vithalbhai Patel Vithalbhai Patel (27 September 1873 – 22 October 1933) was an Indian legislator and political leader, co-founder of the Swaraj Party and elder brother of Sardar Patel. Early life Born in Nadiad, in the Indian state of Gujarat, Vithalbhai ...

(1912),

Dinshaw Edulji Wacha Sir Dinshaw Edulji Wacha (2 August 1844 – 18 February 1936) was a Parsi politician from Bombay. He was one of the founding members of the Indian National Congress. Wacha was also the president of the Congress in 1901. Wacha was associat ...

(1916–1920), Lallubhai Samaldas Mehta, Pheroze Sethna, Sir Vithaldas Thackersey * Muslim:

Muhammad Ali Jinnah Muhammad Ali Jinnah (, ; born Mahomedali Jinnahbhai; 25 December 1876 – 11 September 1948) was a barrister, politician, and the founder of Pakistan. Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until the ...

(1910–1911) and (1916–1919), Ghulam Muhammad Bhurgri (1911–1912),

Ibrahim Rahimtoola Sir Ibrahim Rahimtoola (May 1862 – June 1942) was an eminent politician and legislator in British India. He served as Mayor of Bombay, Chairman of the Fiscal Commission and later as President of the Central Legislative Assembly. Early life a ...

(1913–1919), Sir

Shah Nawaz Bhutto Shah Nawaz Bhutto ( sd, ; ur, ) (8 March 1888 – 19 November 1957), was a politician and a member of Bhutto family hailing from Larkana in the Sind region of the Bombay Presidency of British India, which is now Sindh, Pakistan. Early l ...

* Landholders:

Sir Sassoon David, 1st Baronet Sir Sassoon Jacob Hai David, 1st Baronet, (11 December 1849 – 27 November 1926) was an Indian merchant who was a member of the community of Baghdadi Jews who lived in Bombay from the late 19th Century into the 20th Century. He was a textile ...

(1910), Wadero Ghulam Kadir Dayo 1913 1914, Khan Bahadur Saiyed Allahondo Shah (1916–1919)

Burma

* General: Maung Mye (1915), Maing Ba Tu (1911–1920)

Central Provinces

* General: Sir Maneckji Byramji Dadabhoy (1911–1917), Raghunath Narasinha Mudholkar (1911–1912), V. R. Pandit, General (1915), Ganesh Shrikrishna Khaparde (1918–1920), Rai Sahib Seth Nath Mal *Landholders: Sir

(1893–1916), Pandit Bishan Dutt Shukul (1916–1919)

East Bengal & Assam

* General: Kamini Kumar Chanda (1920) * Landholders: Pramathanath Roy, Raja of Dighapatia (1911–1915)

Madras

* General:

N. Subba Rao Pantulu Nyapathi Subba Rao Pantulu (14 January 1856 – 15 January 1941) was an Indian politician and social activist who served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council between 1893 and 1909. He was also one of the founders of ''The Hindu''. Earl ...

(1910–1913), C. Vijayaraghavachariar (1913–1916), V. S. Srinivasa Sastri (1916–1919), B. N. Sarma (1916–1919),

Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu Rao Bahadur Sir Kurma Venkatareddy Naidu KCSI (1875–1942) was an Indian lawyer, professor, politician and Justice Party leader who served as the Chief Minister of Madras Presidency from 1 April 1937 to 14 July 1937. He was the last Chief Min ...

(1920),

T. Rangachari Diwan Bahadur T. Rangachari CIE (1865–1945) was an Indian lawyer, politician, journalist, legislator. Early life Rangachari was born in 1865 in a prominent land-owning Iyengar family of the Madras Presidency. He had his education in Madr ...

, M. Ct. Muthiah Chettiar * Muslim:

Ghulam Muhammad Ali Khan Khan Bahadur Sir Ghulam Muhammad Ali Khan (1882–1952) was the fifth Prince of Arcot and ruled from 1903 to 1952. Early life Ghulam Muhammad Ali Khan was born on 26 February 1882 to Muhammad Munawar Khan. He was educated at the Newingto ...

(1910–1913),

(1909–1919), Khan Bahadur Mir Asad Ali (1916–1919) * Landholders: Veerabhadra Raju Bahadur (1912),

Raja of Panagal Raja Sir Panaganti Ramarayaningar KCIE (9 July 1866 – 16 December 1928), also known as the Raja of Panagal, was a ''zamindar'' of Kalahasti, a Justice Party leader and the Chief Minister or Premier of Madras Presidency from 11 July 19 ...

(1912–1915), K. V. Rangaswamy Iyengar (1916–1919)

Punjab

* General: Raja Sir Daljit Singh (1913–1915), Sir Runbhir Singh (1915), Dewan Tek Chand (1915–1917), Sundar Singh Majithia (1917–1920) * Muslims: Sir

Zulfikar Ali Khan Major Nawab Sayyid Zulfikar Ali Khan Bahadur (11 March 1934 – 5 April 1992) was an Indian politician and an Indian army officer who ruled as Titular Nawab of Rampur from 1982 to 1992, succeeding his elder brother Murtaza Ali Khan Baha ...

(1910–1920), Muhammad Shafi (1917) * Landholders:

Pratap Singh of Kapurthala Colonel The Honourable Kanwar Pratap Singh Bahadur of Kapurthala (1871-5 December 1911) was a Punjabi politician and scholar. Biography The son of Bikrama Singh of Kapurthala, Pratap Singh was an honorary magistrate and civil judge in Punjab. ...

(1910–1911), Col. Raja Jai Chand, Sir

Malik Umar Hayat Khan Major General Nawab Sir Umar Hayat Khan Tiwana (5 October 1874 – 24 March 1944), was soldier of the Indian Empire, one of the largest landholders in the Punjab, and an elected member of the Council of State of India. Background and early li ...

(1911–1920) * Chiefs : Sultan Karam Dad Khan of Pharwala (1918)

United Provinces

* General:

Madan Mohan Malaviya Madan Mohan Malaviya ( (25 December 1861 — 12 November 1946) was an Indian scholar, educational reformer and politician notable for his role in the Indian independence movement. He was president of the Indian National Congress four times and ...

(1911–1919),

Bishan Narayan Dar Pandit Bishan Narayan Dar (1864 – 19 November 1916) was an Indian politician who served as the President of the Indian National Congress for one term in 1911. Dar belonged to a prominent Kashmiri Pandit family from Lucknow. His uncle Pandit Sh ...

(1914–1920),

Tej Bahadur Sapru Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru (8 December 1875 20 January 1949) was an Indian freedom fighter, lawyer, and politician. He was a key figure in India's struggle for independence, helping draft the Indian Constitution. He was the leader of the Liberal pa ...

(1916–1919) * Muslims: Sir

Mohammad Ali Mohammad Khan Maharaja Sir Mohammad Ali Mohammad Khan, Khan Bahadur, KCSI, KCIE (4 June 1878 – 23 March 1931) was the Raja of Mahmudabad from 28 June 1903 to 23 March 1931 and a noted politician, zamindar of British India. Raja of Mahmudabad He wa ...

Raja ''Raja'' (; from , IAST ') is a royal title used for South Asian monarchs. The title is equivalent to king or princely ruler in South Asia and Southeast Asia. The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested f ...

of Mahmudabad (1909–1912), Nawab Abdul Majid (1912),

Nawab Mohammad Ismail Khan Nawab Mohammad Ismail Khan (1884–1958) was an eminent Muslim politician and a leading activist of the All-India Muslim League, who stood in the forefront of the Khilafat Movement and Pakistan Movement. Nawab Mohammad Ismail Khan is regarded as ...

* Landholders: Raja Sir Rampal Singh of Kurri Sudauli

1920 to 1947

Under the

Government of India Act 1919 The Government of India Act 1919 (9 & 10 Geo. 5 c. 101) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was passed to expand participation of Indians in the government of India. The Act embodied the reforms recommended in the report of ...

, the Imperial Legislative Council was converted into a bicameral legislature with the

Imperial Legislative Assembly The Central Legislative Assembly was the lower house of the Imperial Legislative Council, the legislature of British Raj, British India. It was created by the Government of India Act 1919, implementing the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms. It was ...

(also known as the Central Legislative Assembly) as the lower house of a

bicameral Bicameralism is a type of legislature, one divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single grou ...

legislature and the

Council of State A Council of State is a governmental body in a country, or a subdivision of a country, with a function that varies by jurisdiction. It may be the formal name for the cabinet or it may refer to a non-executive advisory body associated with a head o ...

as the upper house, reviewing legislation passed by the Assembly. The Governor-General nonetheless retained significant power over legislation. He could authorise the expenditure of money without the Legislature's consent for "ecclesiastical, political nddefence" purposes, and for any purpose during "emergencies". He was permitted to veto, or even stop debate on, any bill. If he recommended the passage of a bill, but only one chamber co-operated, he could declare the bill passed over the objections of the other chamber. The Legislature had no authority over foreign affairs and defence. The President of the Council of State was appointed by the Governor-General; the Central Legislative Assembly elected its own President, apart from the first, but the election required the Governor-General's approval. Under the

Indian Independence Act 1947 The Indian Independence Act 1947 947 CHAPTER 30 10 and 11 Geo 6is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that partitioned British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan. The Act received Royal Assent on 18 J ...

, the Imperial Legislative Council and its houses were dissolved on 14 August 1947 and was replaced by the

and the

Constituent Assembly of Pakistan The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan ( bn, পাকিস্তান গণপরিষদ, Pākistān Goṇoporishod; ur, , Aāin Sāz Asimblī) was established in August 1947 to frame Constitution of Pakistan of 1956, a constitution for Paki ...

References

External links

History of Assembly (Old Secretariat)
at

Legislative Assembly of Delhi The Delhi Legislative Assembly, also known as the Delhi Vidhan Sabha, is a unicameral legislature of the union territory of Delhi in India. Delhi Legislative Assembly is the legislative arm of the Government of Delhi. At present, it consists o ...

website {{Legislatures of India 1861 establishments in British India

Predecessors

1861 to 1892

Indians in the Council

1892 to 1909

Indians in the Council

1909 to 1920

Indians in the Council (1909–20)

Nominated Officials

Nominated Non-Officials

Bengal

Bihar & Orissa

Bombay

Burma

Central Provinces

East Bengal & Assam

Madras

Punjab

United Provinces

1920 to 1947

See also

References

External links