Ilya Adolfovich Rubanovich (22 May 1859Rubanovich's year of birth is also given as 1860. – 16 October 1920) was a Russian revolutionary who joined '

The People's Will Narodnaya Volya ( rus, Наро́дная во́ля, p=nɐˈrodnəjə ˈvolʲə, t=People's Will) was a late 19th-century revolutionary political organization in the Russian Empire which conducted assassinations of government officials in an at ...

' ('Narodnaya Volya') in the 1880s. In 1881, this group assassinated Tsar Aleksandr II. During the repression which followed, Rubanovich fled abroad, eventually settling in Paris, France, and becoming a French citizen. There he co-founded the Group of 'Old Members of The People's Will' ('Gruppa Starykh Narodovol’tsev') in 1891, together with P.L.

Lavrov Lavrov (russian: Лавро́в), or Lavrova (feminine; Лавро́ва) is a Russian surname and may refer to: *Alexander Lavrov (1838–1904), Russian metallurgist *Andrey Lavrov (b. 1962), Soviet/Russian handball goalkeeper and the only three-t ...

, N.S. Rusanov and others. In 1900 he was instrumental in founding the Agrarian Socialist League. When the Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR) was founded in 1901, Rubanovich joined it and became its official representative abroad. Together with Nikolai Rusanov, he edited the party's official journal, ''Herald of the Russian Revolution'' (''Vestnik Russkoi Revoliutsii''). When the PSR was admitted to the

Second International The Second International (1889–1916) was an organisation of socialist and labour parties, formed on 14 July 1889 at two simultaneous Paris meetings in which delegations from twenty countries participated. The Second International continued th ...

(over vehement protests from its rival, the Russian Social Democratic party), Rubanovich became the party's official representative to the International. In addition to his work for the PSR, Rubanovich was active in the French socialist movement. He was close to the

Blanquist Blanquism refers to a conception of revolution generally attributed to Louis Auguste Blanqui (1805–1881) which holds that socialist revolution should be carried out by a relatively small group of highly organised and secretive conspirators. Hav ...

Parti Socialiste-Révolutionnaire (a namesake of the Russian PSR). In 1905, he supported the unification of the various French socialist groups in the French Socialist Party (SFIO). He also helped organise Jewish trade unionists in France. In 1914, most European socialist parties split over the

First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

. Rubanovich sided with the ' Defencist' wing of the Russian PSR and the 'social patriots' in the SFIO, who supported the '' Entente'' war effort. Rubanovich supported the February Revolution of 1917, briefly returned to Russia and then returned to Paris to resume his position as representative of the PSR abroad. He opposed the October Revolution.

Notes

References

* Hildermeier, M., Die Sozialrevolutionäre Partei Russlands. Agrarsozialismus und Modernisierung im Zarenreich (1900-1914). Köln, Wien: Böhlau 1978. {{DEFAULTSORT:Rubanovich, Ilya 1859 births 1920 deaths Narodnaya Volya Socialist Revolutionary Party politicians Russian socialists Jewish socialists Russian revolutionaries