Illingen is a municipality in

Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg (; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million inhabitants across a ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

. With a population of about 10,000, it is to the west of Stuttgart, the capital of Baden-Württemberg.

History

The towns of Illingen and were, in the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire ...

, owned by the nearby

Maulbronn Monastery Maulbronn Monastery (german: Kloster Maulbronn) is a former Cistercian abbey and ecclesiastical state in the Holy Roman Empire located at Maulbronn, Baden-Württemberg. The monastery complex, one of the best-preserved in Europe, was named a UNE ...

. In 1504, the monastery was taken over by the Duchy of Württemberg, beginning a centuries-long association with Württemberg. On 18 March 1806, the now

Kingdom of Württemberg The Kingdom of Württemberg (german: Königreich Württemberg ) was a German state that existed from 1805 to 1918, located within the area that is now Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Duchy of Württemberg, which existe ...

assigned Illingen and Schützingen to . This became the district of Maulbronn in 1934, to which the two towns were also assigned. When that district was dissolved in 1938, they were assigned to Vaihingen's district. With the in the State of

, they were assigned to the district of Enz. In 1974, Illingen and Schützingen were joined into a single municipality.

Geography

The municipality ('' Gemeinde'') of Illingen is located at the eastern edge of the

Enzkreis Enzkreis is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in the northwest of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from west clockwise) Karlsruhe, Heilbronn, Ludwigsburg, Böblingen and Calw. The district-free Pforzheim area in the south is nea ...

district, within the

state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...

and

Federal Republic of Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between ...

. It covers an area of that lies within the metropolitan areas of

Karlsruhe Karlsruhe ( , , ; South Franconian: ''Kallsruh'') is the third-largest city of the German state (''Land'') of Baden-Württemberg after its capital of Stuttgart and Mannheim, and the 22nd-largest city in the nation, with 308,436 inhabitants. ...

and

Pforzheim Pforzheim () is a city of over 125,000 inhabitants in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, in the southwest of Germany. It is known for its jewelry and watch-making industry, and as such has gained the nickname "Goldstadt" ("Golden City") ...

. Illingen is physically located on the

Keuper Uplands The Keuper Uplands (german: Keuperbergland or, more rarely ''Keuperwaldberge'') are part of the South German Scarplands and cover an area of about 3,200 square kilometres. The following regions belong to the Keuper Uplands (from southwest to nort ...

, just north of the

Enz The Enz is a river flowing north from the Black Forest to the Neckar in Baden-Württemberg. It is 106 km long. Its headstreams – the Little Enz (german: Kleine Enz) and the Great Enz or Big Enz (''Große Enz'') – rise in the Northern B ...

valley, between the and the hilly Stromberg region. The largest watercourses within the municipality are the

Schmiebach Schmiebach (also: ''Schmie'') is a river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It flows into the Enz in Vaihingen an der Enz. See also *List of rivers of Baden-Württemberg A list of rivers of Baden-Württemberg, Germany: A * Aal * Aalbach * Aalen ...

and Metter rivers. The lowest elevation in the municipality, NN, lies along the Schmie while the highest, NN, is the top of the Burgberg in the west. The geological makeup of Illingen varies by area. The south is composed of

Keuper The Keuper is a lithostratigraphic unit (a sequence of rock strata) in the subsurface of large parts of west and central Europe. The Keuper consists of dolomite, shales or claystones and evaporites that were deposited during the Middle and Late T ...

from the Stromberg's Keuperberg subregion. In and around the town of Illingen, this Keuper is covered by layers of loess and loam. North of Schützingen is the Federally protected nature reserve. In the municipality's southern reaches are the and reserves.

Coat of arms

The municipality of Illingen's

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldic visual design on an escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central element of the full heraldic achievement, which in its ...

displays the historical coats of arms for the towns of Illingen and Schützingen. On the left is Schützingen's, displaying a red key upon a yellow

field Field may refer to: Expanses of open ground * Field (agriculture), an area of land used for agricultural purposes * Airfield, an aerodrome that lacks the infrastructure of an airport * Battlefield * Lawn, an area of mowed grass * Meadow, a grass ...

, and on the right is Illingen's, a red

spear A spear is a pole weapon consisting of a shaft, usually of wood, with a pointed head. The head may be simply the sharpened end of the shaft itself, as is the case with fire hardened spears, or it may be made of a more durable material fasten ...

with a golden flag upon a blue field. The flag upon Illingen's dates to 1937 while Schützingen's key was associated with the township by the time of its documentation in the 1684 cartographic book . That municipal coat of arms and flag were approved by the on 1 March 1974.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Illingen, Baden-Wurttemberg Enzkreis Württemberg