Ifugao or Batad is a
Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in the northern valleys of
Ifugao
Ifugao, officially the Province of Ifugao ( ilo, Probinsia ti Ifugao; tl, Lalawigan ng Ifugao), is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Lagawe and it borders Benguet to the ...
,
Philippines
The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no),
* bik, Republika kan Filipinas
* ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas
* cbk, República de Filipinas
* hil, Republ ...
. It is a member of the
Northern Luzon subfamily and is closely related to the
Bontoc and
Kankanaey languages. It is a
dialect continuum
A dialect continuum or dialect chain is a series of language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighboring varieties are mutually intelligible, but the differences accumulate over distance so that widely separated varie ...
, and its four main varieties—such as
Tuwali—are sometimes considered separate languages.
Loanword
A loanword (also loan word or loan-word) is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language. This is in contrast to cognates, which are words in two or more languages that are similar because t ...
s from other languages, such as
Ilokano, are replacing some older terminology.
Dialects
''
Ethnologue'' reports the following locations for each of the four Ifugao languages.
*Amganad Ifugao: spoken in
Hungduan and
Banaue
Banaue (or alternatively spelled as Banawe), officially the Municipality of Banaue is a 4th class municipality in the province of Ifugao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 20,652 people.
It is widely known as t ...
municipalities of
Ifugao Province, and into southwestern
Mountain Province
Mountain Province is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Bontoc. Mountain Province was formerly referred to as ''Mountain'' in some foreign references. The name is usually shor ...
. 27,100 speakers as of 2000. Dialects are Burnay Ifugao and Banaue Ifugao.
*Batad Ifugao (Ayangan Ifugao): spoken in central
Ifugao Province. There are also some speakers in
Isabela Province, on the eastern shore of the
Magat reservoir. 10,100 speakers as of 2002. Dialects include Ducligan Ifugao.
*Mayoyao Ifugao (Mayaoyaw): spoken in
Ifugao Province, (northern
Mayoyao
Mayoyao, officially the Municipality of Mayoyao is a 4th class municipality in the province of Ifugao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 15,621 people.
History
Battle of Mayoyao Ridge
From July 26, to August ...
,
Aguinaldo, and
Alfonso Lista municipalities) and
Mountain Province
Mountain Province is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Bontoc. Mountain Province was formerly referred to as ''Mountain'' in some foreign references. The name is usually shor ...
(2 small border areas). 30,000 speakers as of 2007.
*Tuwali Ifugao (Gilipanes, Ifugaw, Kiangan Ifugao, Quiangan, Tuwali): spoken in southern
Ifugao Province. 30,000 speakers as of 2000. Dialects are Hapao Ifugao, Hungduan Ifugao, and Lagawe Ifugao.
Phonology
Consonants
* Other sounds such as /s/ and /r/ occur in loanwords.
Vowels
* /ÊŠ/ can also be heard as close-back
* /É™/ does not exist in the Tuwali dialect.
* /i/ can also be heard as
ª
Orthography
The unified Ifugao alphabet is as follows: A, B, D, E, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, Ng, O, P, T, U, W, Y. The letters are pronounced differently depending on the dialect of the speaker.
Hay Mahun an Bahaon
A Pre-Primer in Ayangan Ifugao.'' Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1984.
References
External links
*
{{Austronesian languages
South–Central Cordilleran languages
Languages of Ifugao