Abū ‘Awn Idrīs ibn Ḥasan ibn Abī Numayy ( ar, أبو عون إدريس بن حسن بن أبي نمي) was

Emir of Mecca Emir (; ar, أمير ' ), sometimes transliterated amir, amier, or ameer, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremo ...

and ruler of the

Hejaz The Hejaz (, also ; ar, ٱلْحِجَاز, al-Ḥijāz, lit=the Barrier, ) is a region in the west of Saudi Arabia. It includes the cities of Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, Tabuk, Yanbu, Taif, and Baljurashi. It is also known as the "Western Provin ...

from 1603 to 1624.

Biography

Idris was born in Dhu al-Qi'dah 974 AH (May/June 1567), during the joint reign of his father Sharif Hasan and his grandfather Sharif

Muhammad Abu Numayy II Muḥammad Abū Numayy II ibn Barakāt ibn Muḥammad ( ar, محمد أبو نمي الثاني بن بركات بن محمد ) was Sharif of Mecca from 1512 to 1566. He co-reigned first with his father (1512–1525) and later with his sons (1540 ...

. His mother was Hana—or Haya—bint Ahmad ibn Humaydah. His ''

kunyah A ''kunya'' ( ar, كُنية) is a teknonym in Arabic names, the name of an adult usually derived from their oldest child. A kunya is a component of an Arabic name, a type of epithet, in theory referring to the bearer's first-born son or daughter ...

'' was Abu Awn.

Reign

After his father's death in Jumada II 1010 AH (November 1601) Idris traveled to

Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...

and resided there for some time. He returned to the

during the reign of his brother, Sharif

Abu Talib ibn Hasan Abu or ABU may refer to: Places * Abu (volcano), a volcano on the island of Honshū in Japan * Abu, Yamaguchi, a town in Japan * Ahmadu Bello University, a university located in Zaria, Nigeria * Atlantic Baptist University, a Christian university ...

. In Jumada II 1012 AH (November 1603) Abu Talib died, and the ''ashraf'' elected Idris as Emir with his brother Fuhayd ibn Hasan and his nephew Muhsin ibn Husayn as co-rulers. Both were included in the ''du'a'' alongside Idris, and were together allotted one quarter of the Emirate's income. Sultan

Ahmed I Ahmed I ( ota, احمد اول '; tr, I. Ahmed; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 until his death in 1617. Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal f ...

ratified the decision and sent the customary ''

khil'ah A robe of honour ( ar, خلعة, khilʿa, plural , or ar, تشريف, tashrīf, pl. or ) was a term designating rich garments given by medieval and early modern Islamic rulers to subjects as tokens of honour, often as part of a ceremony of appoi ...

'' (robe of honor) and diploma from Istanbul. The royal proclamation was read out in the

Masjid al-Haram , native_name_lang = ar , religious_affiliation = Islam , image = Al-Haram mosque - Flickr - Al Jazeera English.jpg , image_upright = 1.25 , caption = Aerial view of the Great Mosque of Mecca , map ...

on Wednesday, 11 Safar 1013 AH (7 July 1604). In late Rabi II 1019 AH (July 1610), Idris and Muhsin deposed Fuhayd and exiled him from Mecca.

Deposition

In 1033 AH (1624) a dispute occurred between Idris and Muhsin. In the end, Muhsin convened the ''

ahl al-hall wal-aqd Political aspects of Islam are derived from the Quran, ''ḥadīth'' literature, and ''sunnah'' (accounts of the sayings and living habits attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad during his lifetime), the history of Islam, and elements of ...

'' from the ''ashraf'', scholars, jurists, and notables of Mecca, and they decided to remove Idris from office. On Thursday, 4 Muharram 1034 AH (16 October 1624) fighting broke out as Muhsin was proclaimed sole Emir of Mecca. That night a ceasefire was enacted that allowed Idris to stay in Mecca for a few months. On Friday the ''khutbah'' was made in the name of Sharif Muhsin alone.

Exile and death

Idris fell ill in Safar 1034 (November/December 1624) and left Mecca in poor health on the night of 12 Rabi I (). He died in the

Jabal Shammar The Emirate of Jabal Shammar ( ar, إِمَارَة جَبَل شَمَّر), also known as the Emirate of Haʾil () or the Rashidi Emirate (), was a state in the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula, including Najd, existing from the mid-n ...

region on 14 Jumada II () or 17 Jumada II (), according to different sources, and was buried at Yatab. News of his death reached Mecca in early Rajab (April), and ''

salat al-gha'ib Absentee funeral prayer in Islam, known as Salat al-Gha'ib ( ar, صلاة الغائب), is a kind of funeral prayer performed upon a dead Muslim if they die in a place where there are no Muslims to pray for the dead. By contrast, if someone d ...

'' (the funeral prayer in absentia) was offered for him in the Masjid al-Haram.

References

Sources

* * * * * * {{cite book, last1=de Zambaur, first1=E., title=Manuel de généalogie et de chronologie pour l'histoire de l'Islam, date=1927, publisher=Heinz Lafaire, location=Hanovre, language=fr, page=22 1567 births 1625 deaths Banu Qatadah 16th-century Arab people 17th-century Arab people