Ibn Hishām

Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Hishām ibn Ayyūb al-Ḥimyarī al-Muʿāfirī al-Baṣrī ( ar, أبو محمد عبدالملك بن هشام ابن أيوب الحميري المعافري البصري; died 7 May 833), or Ibn Hisham, edited the biography of Islamic prophet Muhammad written by Ibn Ishaq. The ''nisba'' Al-Baṣrī means "of Basra", in modern Iraq.

Life

Ibn Hisham has been said to have grown up in Basra and moved afterwards to Egypt.Mustafa al-Suqa, Ibrahim al-Abyari and Abdul-Hafidh Shalabi, ''Tahqiq Sirah an-Nabawiyyah li Ibn Hisham'', ed.: Dar Ihya al-Turath, pp. 23-4. His family was native to Basra but he himself was born in Old Cairo. He gained a name as a grammarian and student of language and history in Egypt. His family was of Himyarite origin and belongs to Banu Ma‘afir tribe of Yemen.

Biography of Muḥammad

''As-Sīrah an-Nabawiyyah'' (), 'The Life of the Prophet'; is an edited recension of Ibn Isḥāq's classic ''Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh'' () 'The Life of God's Messenger'. Ibn Isḥāq's now lost work survives only in Ibn Hishām's and al-Tabari's recensions, although fragments of several others survive, and Ibn Hishām and al-Tabarī share virtually the same material.

Ibn Hishām explains in the preface of the work, the criteria by which he made his choice from the original work of Ibn Isḥāq in the tradition of his disciple Ziyād al-Baqqāʾi (d. 799). Accordingly, Ibn Hishām omits stories from ''Al-Sīrah'' that contain no mention of Muḥammad, certain poems, traditions whose accuracy Ziyād al-Baqqāʾi could not confirm, and offensive passages that could offend the reader. Al-Tabari includes controversial episodes of the Satanic Verses including an apocryphal story about Muḥammad's attempted suicide.Raven, Wim, Sīra and the Qurʾān – Ibn Isḥāq and his editors, ''Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an''. Ed. Jane Dammen McAuliffe. Vol. 5. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, 2006. p. 29-51. Ibn Hishām gives more accurate versions of the poems he includes and supplies explanations of difficult terms and phrases of the Arabic language, additions of genealogical content to certain proper names, and brief descriptions of the places mentioned in ''Al-Sīrah''. Ibn Hishām appends his notes to the corresponding passages of the original text with the words: "qāla Ibn Hishām" (Ibn Hishām says).

Translations and editions

Later Ibn Hishām's ''As-Sira'' would chiefly be transmitted by his pupil, Ibn al-Barqī. This treatment of Ibn Ishāq's work was circulated to scholars in Cordoba in Islamic Spain by around 864. The first printed edition was published in Arabic by the German orientalist Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, in Göttingen (1858-1860). The '' Life of Moḥammad According to Moḥammed b. Ishāq'', ed. 'Abd al-Malik b. Hisham. Gustav Weil (Stuttgart 1864) was the first published translation.

In the 20th century the book has been printed several times in the Middle East. The German orientalist Gernot Rotter produced an abridged (about one third) German translation of ''The life of the Prophet. As-Sīra An-Nabawīya''. (Spohr, Kandern in the Black Forest 1999). An English translation by the British orientalist Alfred Guillaume: The Life of Muhammad. A translation of Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah. (1955); 11th edition. (Oxford University Press, Karachi 1996).

Other works

*
Kitab al-Tijan li ma'rifati muluk al-zamān fi akhbar Qahtān
' () 'The Book of Crowns, on the kings of yesteryear in the accounts of the Qahtān' (in Arabic); a genealogical work with historico-legendary accounts of the southern Arabs and their monuments in pre-Islamic times.Printed in Hyderabad (India), 1928.

See also

* Prophetic biography
* List of biographies of Muhammad
* List of Islamic scholars

Notes

References

External links

Biodata from Arees Institute


* ttp://www.goodreads.com/author/show/5631940._Abd_Al_Malik_Ibn_Hisham Bibliographyat Goodreads

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ibn Hisham
Egyptian biographers
833 deaths
Year of birth unknown
Egyptian Muslim historians of Islam
9th-century historians from the Abbasid Caliphate
9th-century Arabs