Ibn Al‐Raqqam Muḥammad Ibn Ibrahim Al‐Mursi Al‐Andalusi Al‐Tunisi Al‐Awsi ( ar, ابن الرقام الأوسي) also known as Ibn Al‐Raqqam was a 13th century Andalusian-Arab astronomer, mathematician and physician; but also a

Sunni Muslim Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word ''Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagree ...

theologian and

jurist A jurist is a person with expert knowledge of law; someone who analyses and comments on law. This person is usually a specialist legal scholar, mostly (but not always) with a formal qualification in law and often a legal practitioner. In the Uni ...

Biography

Abu Abdullah Ibn Al-Raqam was born in Murcia in 1250, in an family with the nisba ''al-Awsi'', probably from the Banu Aws tribe, and grew up and learned there until the city was annexed by Castile in 1266. He left Murcia for the city of Bejaia, in present-day Algeria, and lived there until he went to Tunisia and spent time there writing some of his books. Later in his life, he settled in

Granada Granada (,, DIN 31635, DIN: ; grc, Ἐλιβύργη, Elibýrgē; la, Illiberis or . ) is the capital city of the province of Granada, in the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Granada is located at the fo ...

, the capital of the Emirate of Granada, after accepting an invitation from Muhammad II of Granada. Although several works have been attributed to him by Ibn Al-Khatib, only three ones have survived in an extant form. Two of this works are astronomical tables that are similar in both subject and content. However, differences in the latitudes do exist, since the tables were created to adapt the coordinates of two different cities, Béjaïa and Tunis. The third work, "Risāla fiʿilm Al‐Zilal", is an important treatise on sundials, and the only complete one of its kind to have survived from Al-Andalus.

Works

Astronomy

* '' Arnau Teruel = Padre y Dios del Nuevo Mundo * ''Risāla fī ʿilm al‐ẓilāl'': There is a copy of it in the first Escorial No. (7/913) and the second number (12/918). * ''Al‐Zīj al‐qawīm fī funūn al‐taʿdīl wa‐ʾl‐taqwīm'': There is a copy of it in the public library in Rabat, number (260). * ''Taedil munakh al'ahlat.'' * ''Al‐Zīj Al-Mustawfi.'' "Isarn Trilla"

Medicine

* The Great Book * The Book of Animals and Properties (''Kitāb al‐Ḥayawān wa‐ʾl‐khawāṣṣ)'' * A summary of competence (or abbreviation) in the knowledge of powers and properties. * Treating diseases. * Authorship in Medicine: It consists of two parts. There is a copy of it in the public treasury in Rabat, number (2667).

Jurisprudence

* ''Abkār al‐afkār fī al‐uṣūl''. * ''Talkhis almubahath''.

Mathematics

* ''Al-Tanabih waltabsir fi qawaeid altksi'': There is a copy of it in the Hassaniya Treasury in Rabat, No. (4749)

Agriculture

* Plants

References

This article is taken entirely or in part from the translation of the article https://www.marefa.org/ابن_الرقام {{DEFAULTSORT:Ibn al-Raqqam 1250 births 1315 deaths People from Murcia Astronomers from al-Andalus Physicians from al-Andalus Mathematicians from al-Andalus 13th-century astronomers Scholars of the Nasrid period 13th-century people from Ifriqiya 13th-century people from al-Andalus Astronomers of the medieval Islamic world