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Remetea Mare ( hu, Temesremete; german: Großeinsiedel or ''Großremete'') is a
commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...
in
Timiș County Timiș () is a county ('' județ'') of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land area. T ...
,
Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
. It is composed of two villages, Ianova and Remetea Mare (commune seat).


Geography

Remetea Mare is located in the center of
Timiș County Timiș () is a county ('' județ'') of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land area. T ...
, 12 km east of
Timișoara ), City of Roses ( ro, Orașul florilor), City of Parks ( ro, Orașul parcurilor) , image_map = Timisoara jud Timis.svg , map_caption = Location in Timiș County , pushpin_map = Romania#Europe , pushpin_ ...
. It is crossed by
DN6 DN6 ( ro, Drumul Național 6) is a national road in Romania which links Bucharest with the Banat region in the western part of the country and further to the East-European capitals Budapest and Belgrade via the border with Hungary near Cenad. I ...
( E70) and the
Bega Canal The Bega Canal or Begej Canal (; hu, Béga-csatorna) is a navigation canal of Romania and Serbia. It is the first navigation canal built on the present-day territory of Romania, and serves the city of Timișoara. Its name comes from the Bega riv ...
. It borders
Pișchia Pișchia ( hu, Hidasliget or ''Piski''; german: Bruckenau) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Bencecu de Jos, Bencecu de Sus, Murani, Pișchia (commune seat) and Sălciua Nouă. Name Geography Pișchia i ...
to the northeast,
Recaș Recaș ( hu, Temesrékas; german: Rekasch; sr, Рекаш, Rekaš) is a town in Timiș County, Romania. Six villages are administered by the town: Bazoș, Herneacova, Izvin, Nadăș, Petrovaselo and Stanciova. It received town status in April 20 ...
to the east,
Bucovăț Bucovăț (; Moldovan Cyrillic: Буковэц) is a town in Strășeni district, Moldova Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republica Moldova), is a Landlocked country, landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bo ...
to the south and Giarmata to the west. The commune covers an area of 58.15 ha.


History


Remetea Mare

Remetea Mare was first mentioned in 1333 as ''Remete'', but most likely the village is much older. The area has been inhabited since the first
Iron Age The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age (Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the Bronze Age (Chalcolithic). The concept has been mostly appl ...
(
Hallstatt culture The Hallstatt culture was the predominant Western Europe, Western and Central European Archaeological culture, culture of Late Bronze Age Europe, Bronze Age (Hallstatt A, Hallstatt B) from the 12th to 8th centuries BC and Early Iron Age Europe ...
, c. 1200–300 BC), as evidenced by recent archaeological discoveries. The village was called Remetea Timișană, an alternative name used until now. In the
Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...
, there would have been a town (market) called ''Sasvár'', mentioned in the papal tithe records from 1332–1337. ''Sasvár'' was allegedly guarded by a fortress with a watchtower that aimed to protect the
Timișoara Fortress Timișoara Fortress ( la, Castrum Temesiensis, Castrum Temesvariensis, hu, Temesvári vár, tr, Temeşvar Kalesi, german: link=no, Festung Temeswar, ro, Cetatea Timișoara) is a historical fortress in western Romania around which the town of ...
from external attacks. The Sasvár Fortress, meaning "Fortress of the Eagles", was demolished immediately after the occupation of
Banat Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of T ...
by the Ottomans. Other details about this settlement are not known, but in popular parlance the name of a place known as ''Șușioara'' has been preserved. During the Turkish occupation of Banat, no information is known about the settlement. It is only on Count Mercy's map from 1723 that the name ''Remeta'' appears, designating the estates here, one of which belongs to the . The modern history of the locality is linked to the name of this family. Initially they sold the estate to other owners, but then they recovered it, and in 1720 Baron László Ambrózy built a mansion which is still preserved today. In 1848 this mansion served as a
field hospital A field hospital is a temporary hospital or mobile medical unit that takes care of casualties on-site before they can be safely transported to more permanent facilities. This term was initially used in military medicine (such as the Mobile A ...
. Although located in the immediate vicinity of
Timișoara ), City of Roses ( ro, Orașul florilor), City of Parks ( ro, Orașul parcurilor) , image_map = Timisoara jud Timis.svg , map_caption = Location in Timiș County , pushpin_map = Romania#Europe , pushpin_ ...
, on the road that connected the capital of Banat with
Lugoj Lugoj (; hu, Lugos; german: Lugosch; sr, Лугош, Lugoš; bg, Лугож; tr, Logoş) is a list of cities and towns in Romania, city in Timiș County, Romania. The Timiș River divides the city into two halves, the so-called "Romanian Lugoj" ...
, Remetea Mare was inhabited mainly by Romanians, although there were also inhabitants of other nationalities, especially Germans and Hungarians. In 1911, the Romanians built their new Orthodox church. In the interwar period it was rounded to Plasa Chișoda,
Timiș-Torontal County Timiș-Torontal was a county ( ro, județ) in the Kingdom of Romania. Its capital was Timișoara. The territory of the county had been transferred to Romania in 1920 from the Kingdom of Hungary under the Treaty of Trianon. Geography Timiș-Toro ...
, it had a national house, a choir, a cultural society and the St. George Society.


Ianova

Ianova is about as old as Remetea Mare. The first recorded mention of Ianova dates from 1333 (''Jenev''). The presence of Serbs was noticed very early here, probably in the 11th century. During the Middle Ages it was inhabited and ruled by various local noblemen, as evidenced by the numerous feudal documents of change of ownership. In Ianova are the ruins of a medieval fortification dating from the 14th–16th centuries and is located in the south of the village, in the place called "Turkish fortress" ( ro, cetatea turcească). It was inhabited during the Ottoman occupation, as in 1690 it is mentioned as ''Jenovo''. On Count Mercy's map from 1723–1725 it is mentioned as ''Janova'', being inhabited by Romanians. This name was kept until 1893 when it was changed to ''Margitfalva'', in honor of the village owner, Margit, wife of . Later it was also called ''Temesjenő''. In the mid-19th century, when Ianova was owned by the , the village was colonized with Germans and Hungarians. In 1968 it was incorporated in the commune of Remetea Mare, together with Bucovăț and Bazoșu Nou.


Demographics

Remetea Mare had a population of 2,302 inhabitants at the 2011 census, up 9% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are
Romanians The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym ''Vlachs'') are a Romance languages, Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Culture of Romania, Romanian culture and Cultural heritage, ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they l ...
(92.18%), with a minority of
Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and  ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...
(1.39%). For 5.73% of the population, ethnicity is unknown. By religion, most inhabitants are
Orthodox Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to: Religion * Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-pag ...
(86.4%), but there are also minorities of
Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
s (3.34%) and
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
s (2.65%). For 5.73% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.


Notable people

*
Mihai Șora Mihai Șora (; born 7 November 1916) is a Romanian philosopher and essayist. Biography Șora was born in Remetea Mare, Ianova, Timiș County, the son of an Romanian Orthodox Church, Orthodox priest. He studied philosophy at the University of ...
(b. 1916), philosopher and essayist


References

{{Authority control Communes in Timiș County Localities in Romanian Banat