ISPM 15 revision
The Revision of ISPM No. 15 (2009) under Annex 1, requires that wood used to manufacture ISPM 15 compliant Wood Packaging must be made from debarked wood not to be confused with bark free wood. ISPM 15 was updated to adopt the bark restriction regulations proposed by the European Union in 2009. Australia held out for approximately one year with more stringent bark restrictions before conforming July 1, 2010Debarked wood packaging
Wood packaging materials must be debarked prior to being heat treated or fumigated to meet ISPM 15 regulations. The debarking component of the regulation is to prevent the re-infestation of insects while lumber is sitting to be manufactured, or even after it has been manufactured. The official definition for debarked lumber according to the ISPM 15 Revision (2009) is: ''"Irrespective of the type of treatment applied, wood packaging material must be made of debarked wood. For this standard, any number of visually separate and clearly distinct small pieces of bark may remain if they are: - less than 3 cm in width (regardless of the length) or - greater than 3 cm in width, with the total surface area of an individual piece of bark less than 50 square cm."''Argument for bark removal
The post-treatment levels of infestation (with and without bark) compared with pre-treatment levels are as follows. Overall, from the studies presented there is either: a) no significant difference between infestation levels of treated and untreated wood; or b) differences identified are related to the species of insect which may prefer treated or untreated wood. Supporting information from a North American study (IFQRG 2005-27) is summarised in the Table below (Data are numbers of beetles per cm2):ISPM Marking
*IPPC certification symbol. *XX: represents the two-letter ISO country code orInternationally accepted types of treatment
*HT (Heat Treatment) - The wood needs to be heated until its core reaches 56 °C for at least 30 minutes. ** Steady Heat Treatment (HT): Standard procedure conducted in heating chambers; ** Kiln-dried (KD): Similar to the standard HT, but it also requires moisture's standards; ** Mobile Heat Treatment (HT): Heat treatment conducted in heating chambers installed in trucks. Allows the treatment to be done anywhere. ** Portable Chamber Process (PCP - HT): Heat treatment conducted in portable chambers made of thermal fabric. Allows the treatment to be done anywhere, but with lower costs. The process' patent requirement belongs to the Brazilian company Fitolog Pest Control; ** Fast Container Connector (FCC - HT): Heat treatment conducted directly in containers by a mobile heating unit. It is a simplified variation of PCP. Ideal for ports and terminals. *MB (Methyl Bromide) - Requires to completely fill an area with gaseous pesticide (methyl bromide). ** Container Fumigation: The container where the wooden packaging is placed is completely filled with Methyl Bromide. After a 24-hour quarantine, the container is aerated and the wood/cargo is released; ** Tent Fumigation: The wooden packaging is covered with a specific type of tent, sealed to the ground with weight. The tent is completely filled with methyl bromide. After a 24-hour quarantine, the tent is removed and the wood/cargo is released;Exemptions from ISPM 15
Not all packaging material must be treated to qualify to be used as shipping or packaging material. Here is a list of materials which are not required to be treated and are exempt from ISPM 15 laws and regulations. *Plastic Pallets - these are most often made from either polypropylene or polyethylene plastic resin. *Corrugated Pallets - these are produced using wood pulp, glue and high heat. *Presswood Pallets - these are made under high temperature and pressure using glue and solely (recovered) wood chips or sawdust. *Composite wooden palletblocks - these are made under high temperature and pressure using glue and solely (recovered) wood chips. *Plywood or Processed Wood - wood packaging made of processed wood material. These include particle board, veneer that has been created using glue, heat or pressure.Countries participating in ISPM 15
Although this is only a reference, confirmation with the export authority when exporting to another country is required. This is a complete list as of July 1, 2010. Countries and their approximate ISPM 15 Adoption Date:Government of Australia - Department of Agriculture and Water ResourcesSee also
* ASTM D6253 Treatment and/or Marking of Wood Packaging MaterialsReferences
Further reading
* Yam, K. L., "Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology", John Wiley & Sons, 2009,External links