IBMX (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine), like other methylated xanthine derivatives, is both a: # competitive non-selective

phosphodiesterase inhibitor A phosphodiesterase inhibitor is a drug that blocks one or more of the five subtypes of the enzyme phosphodiesterase (PDE), thereby preventing the inactivation of the intracellular second messengers, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cycli ...

which raises intracellular

cAMP Camp may refer to: Outdoor accommodation and recreation * Campsite or campground, a recreational outdoor sleeping and eating site * a temporary settlement for nomads * Camp, a term used in New England, Northern Ontario and New Brunswick to descri ...

, activates PKA, inhibits TNFα and

leukotriene Leukotrienes are a family of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators produced in leukocytes by the oxidation of arachidonic acid (AA) and the essential fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by the enzyme arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase. Leukotrienes ...

synthesis, and reduces inflammation and

innate immunity The innate, or nonspecific, immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies (the other being the adaptive immune system) in vertebrates. The innate immune system is an older evolutionary defense strategy, relatively speaking, and is the ...

, and # nonselective

adenosine receptor The adenosine receptors (or P1 receptors) are a class of purinergic G protein-coupled receptors with adenosine as the endogenous ligand. There are four known types of adenosine receptors in humans: A1, A2A, A2B and A3; each is encoded by a di ...

antagonist. As a

, IBMX has IC₅₀ = 2–50 ''μ''M and does not inhibit PDE8 or

PDE9 Phosphodiesterase type 9 (PDE9) is a type of phosphodiesterase enzyme. Some inhibitors include BAY 73-6691 BAY 73-6691 is a drug developed by Bayer for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. It was the first compound developed that acts as a p ...

References

Adenosine receptor antagonists Phosphodiesterase inhibitors Xanthines {{Alkaloid-stub