The Interactive Encyclopedia System, or TIES, was a

hypertext Hypertext is E-text, text displayed on a computer display or other electronic devices with references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access. Hypertext documents are interconnected by hyperlinks, which are typi ...

system developed in the

University of Maryland Human-Computer Interaction Lab A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, the ...

Ben Shneiderman Ben Shneiderman (born August 21, 1947) is an American computer scientist, a Distinguished University Professor in the University of Maryland Department of Computer Science, which is part of the University of Maryland College of Computer, Mathe ...

in 1983. The earliest versions of TIES ran in

DOS DOS is shorthand for the MS-DOS and IBM PC DOS family of operating systems. DOS may also refer to: Computing * Data over signalling (DoS), multiplexing data onto a signalling channel * Denial-of-service attack (DoS), an attack on a communicatio ...

text mode, using the cursor arrow keys for navigating through information. A later version of HyperTIES for the Sun workstation was developed by

Don Hopkins Don Hopkins is an artist and programmer specializing in human computer interaction and computer graphics. He is an alumnus of the University of Maryland, College Park, University of Maryland and a former member of the University of Maryland Huma ...

using the

NeWS News is information about current events. This may be provided through many different Media (communication), media: word of mouth, printing, Mail, postal systems, broadcasting, Telecommunications, electronic communication, or through the tes ...

window system, with an authoring tool based on UniPress's

Gosling Emacs Gosling Emacs (often shortened to "Gosmacs" or "gmacs") is a discontinued Emacs implementation written in 1981 by James Gosling in C (programming language), C. Gosling initially allowed Gosling Emacs to be redistributed with no formal restriction ...

text editor.

HyperTIES

The TIES program has evolved into the HyperTIES commercial product, sold by the Cognetics Corporation. HyperTIES has a small feature set and has touch-screen support which makes it optimal for public displays and information kiosks. As for navigation types, only reference links are supported, which can be either text or graphics. The

mouse A mouse ( : mice) is a small rodent. Characteristically, mice are known to have a pointed snout, small rounded ears, a body-length scaly tail, and a high breeding rate. The best known mouse species is the common house mouse (''Mus musculus' ...

pointer also highlights anchors when passing over them.

External links

Hypertext Research: The Development of HyperTIES

HyperTIES Hypermedia Browser and Emacs Authoring Tool for NeWS
overview article at Don Hopkins' website

by

Catherine Plaisant Catherine Plaisant is a French/American Research Scientist Emerita at the University of Maryland, College Park and assistant director of research of the University of Maryland Human–Computer Interaction Lab. Education Catherine Plaisant comp ...

, Rodrigo Botafogo,

, William Weiland {{DEFAULTSORT:Interactive Encyclopedia System Hypertext Computer-related introductions in 1983 Editing software