Hydroxylysine (Hyl) is an
amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. Although hundreds of amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the alpha-amino acids, which comprise proteins. Only 22 alpha a ...
with the molecular formula C
6H
14N
2O
3. It was first discovered in 1921 by
Donald Van Slyke
Donald Dexter Van Slyke (March 29, 1883 – May 4, 1971) was a Dutch American biochemist. His achievements included the publication of 317 journal articles and 5 books, as well as numerous awards, among them the National Medal of Science and t ...
as the 5-hydroxylysine form. It arises from a post-translational
hydroxy modification of
lysine. It is most widely known as a component of
collagen.
It is biosynthesized from lysine via oxidation by
lysyl hydroxylase enzymes. The most common form is the (5''R'') stereoisomer found in collagen. However, the enzyme JMJD6 has recently been shown to be a lysyl hydroxylase which modifies an RNA splicing factor producing the (5''S'') stereoisomer. Additionally, in ''E. coli'', there has been at least one lysine ''N''-hydroxylase enzyme identified, named IucD.
References
External links
* {{MeshName, Hydroxylysine
Amino acids