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The Hunza–Nagar Campaign was fought in 1891 by troops of the 
During the campaign, Durand commanded a force of approximately one thousand rifles and two guns.Algernon George Arnold Durand, ''The Making of a Frontier: Five Years' Experiences and Adventures in Gilgit, Hunza, Nagar, Chitral, and the Eastern Hindu-Kush'', (2002), (Adamant Media Corporation) The British gained control of Nagar during a battle at Nilt Nagar ( Jangir-e-Laye) in 1891. The fort at Nilt was stormed and after a fortnight's delay, the cliffs beyond it were also carried by assault. Hunza and Nagar were occupied, the chief of Nagar was reinstated upon his submission to the British, and the half-brother of the
Francis Younghusband
Conflicts in 1891 Battles involving British India 1891 in Asia 1891 in India History of Gilgit Agency {{GilgitBaltistan-hist-stub
British Raj
The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent;
*
* it is also called Crown rule in India,
*
*
*
*
or Direct rule in India,
* Quote: "Mill, who was him ...
against the princely states of Hunza Hunza may refer to:
* Hunza, Iran
* Hunza Valley, an area in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan
** Hunza (princely state), a former principality
** Hunza District, a recently established district
** Hunza River, a waterway
** Hunza Peak, a mou ...
and Nagar in the Gilgit Agency
The Gilgit Agency ( ur, ) was an agency of the British Indian Empire consisting of the subsidiary states of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir at its northern periphery, mainly with the objective of strengthening these territories against ...
(now part of the Gilgit-Baltistan of Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 243 million people, and has the world's second-lar ...
). It is also known in Pakistan as the "Anglo-Brusho War".
British Colonel Algernon George Arnold Durand was appointed administrator of the Gilgit Agency. He opened up the region by building roads, telegraph, and mail systems while maintaining dialogue with the Mir of Gilgit. He intended to improve the road from Kashmir through Hunza and Nagar and up to the frontier with Russia. The Mirs of Nagar and Hunza saw this as a threat to their natural advantage of remoteness.
In 1890, Durand reinforced Chalt Fort that was near the border in response to rumors that Nagar and Hunza fighters were going to attack it; he then continued redeveloping the road leading up to the fort. In May 1891, Nagar and Hunza sent a warning to Durand to cease working on the road to the fort and to vacate the fort, which was on the Gilgit side of the border, else they would regard it as an act of war. Durand nonetheless reinforced the fort and accelerated the construction of the road. Nagar and Hunza regarded Durand's actions as an escalation and consequently prevented mail from the British Resident in Chinese Turkmenistan from transiting through their territory. British India regarded this as a breach of their 1889 agreement with Hunza and after issuing an ultimatum that was ignored, they initiated the Anglo- Brusho Campaign of 1891. Hunza and Nagar later came under a British protectorate in 1893.
During the campaign, Durand commanded a force of approximately one thousand rifles and two guns.Algernon George Arnold Durand, ''The Making of a Frontier: Five Years' Experiences and Adventures in Gilgit, Hunza, Nagar, Chitral, and the Eastern Hindu-Kush'', (2002), (Adamant Media Corporation) The British gained control of Nagar during a battle at Nilt Nagar ( Jangir-e-Laye) in 1891. The fort at Nilt was stormed and after a fortnight's delay, the cliffs beyond it were also carried by assault. Hunza and Nagar were occupied, the chief of Nagar was reinstated upon his submission to the British, and the half-brother of the raja
''Raja'' (; from , IAST ') is a royal title used for South Asian monarchs. The title is equivalent to king or princely ruler in South Asia and Southeast Asia.
The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested f ...
of Hunza was installed as chief of Hunza.
The British awarded three Victoria Cross
The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest and most prestigious award of the British honours system. It is awarded for valour "in the presence of the enemy" to members of the British Armed Forces and may be awarded posthumously. It was previously ...
es during this campaign.
See also
*Francis Younghusband
Lieutenant Colonel Sir Francis Edward Younghusband, (31 May 1863 – 31 July 1942) was a British Army officer, explorer, and spiritual writer. He is remembered for his travels in the Far East and Central Asia; especially the 1904 British ...
*The Great Game
The Great Game is the name for a set of political, diplomatic and military confrontations that occurred through most of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century – involving the rivalry of the British Empire and the Russian Empi ...
References
Further reading
* *Edward Frederick Knight, ''Where Three Empires Meet: A Narrative of Recent Travel in Kashmir, Western Tibet, Gilgit, and the Adjoining Countries'' (1893) Longmans, Green, and Co. - The author was a volunteer participant in the campaign, and the back half of the book contains a detailed description *John Keay, ''The Gilgit Game: The Explorers of the Western Himalayas 1865-95'' (1994) Oxford University Press * *Charles Welsh (editor), ''Famous Battles of the Nineteenth Century'', (1905), (Wessels).External links
Francis Younghusband
Conflicts in 1891 Battles involving British India 1891 in Asia 1891 in India History of Gilgit Agency {{GilgitBaltistan-hist-stub