Hulu Perak District (Upper Perak) is a

district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...

Perak Perak () is a state of Malaysia on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula. Perak has land borders with the Malaysian states of Kedah to the north, Penang to the northwest, Kelantan and Pahang to the east, and Selangor to the south. Thailand's ...

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

. As the largest district in Perak, there are border to the east of the district is the state of

Kelantan Kelantan (; Jawi: ; Kelantanese Malay: ''Klate'') is a state in Malaysia. The capital is Kota Bharu and royal seat is Kubang Kerian. The honorific name of the state is ''Darul Naim'' (Jawi: ; "The Blissful Abode"). Kelantan is located in the ...

, to the west is

Kedah Kedah (), also known by its honorific Darul Aman (Islam), Aman and historically as Queda, is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia, located in the northwestern part of Peninsular Malaysia. The state covers a total area ...

, to the south is the district of

Kuala Kangsar The Kuala Kangsar (Perak Malay: ''Kole Kangso'') is the royal town of Perak, Malaysia. It is located at the downstream of Kangsar River where it joins the Perak River, approximately northwest of Ipoh, Perak's capital, and southeast of ...

while to the south-west is the district of

Larut, Matang and Selama The Larut, Matang and Selama District is a district of Perak, Malaysia. Taiping is the capital town of this district. Larut, Matang and Selama used to be three small different districts and they merged into one larger district later. Larut, Ma ...

. Hulu Perak also shares a border with Betong District of

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...

. The seat of the district is

Gerik Gerik ( Jawi: ڬريق; ; Tamil: கிரிக் ; alternate spelling: Grik) is a mukim and the district capital of Hulu Perak District, Perak, Malaysia. The town is also known as Rest Town owing to its strategic location next to East-West ...

, which is also the largest town of the district. The highest point of the district is located at

Titiwangsa Mountains The Titiwangsa Mountains (Malay: ''Banjaran Titiwangsa,'' بنجرن تيتيوڠسا, ), also known as ''"Banjaran Besar"'' (Big Range) by locals, is the chain of mountains that forms the backbone of the Malay Peninsula. The northern section of ...

, with 1,533 m high

Ulu Titi Basah Ulu Titi Basah ( th, เขาฮูลูติติปาซา; ms, Gunung Ulu Titi Basah) is the southernmost high peak of Thailand. This 1,533 m high peak is located on the Malaysia-Thailand border between Betong District of Yala Provinc ...

peak near the Thai/Malaysian border, and

Temenggor Lake Temenggor Lake ( ms, Tasik Temenggor) is a lake in Hulu Perak District, Perak, Malaysia. It is the second largest lake in Peninsular Malaysia after Kenyir Lake in Hulu Terengganu District, Terengganu. This man-made lake is located south of 1,533 ...

History

In 1511, after the fall of the

Malacca Sultanate The Malacca Sultanate ( ms, Kesultanan Melaka; Jawi script: ) was a Malay sultanate based in the modern-day state of Malacca, Malaysia. Conventional historical thesis marks as the founding year of the sultanate by King of Singapura, Parameswa ...

to the Portuguese, Sultan Mahmud Shah retreated and established his government in Bentan. In 1526 the Portuguese attacked his domain again and forced him to retreat to Kampar and to establish his rule there. At that time, Tun Saban had moved to Upper Patani and stayed at Beredung Budi. He then moved to Belum Forest in Hulu Perak, founded a village at a place called Relap Hati, and became the chief of the peoples in Belum Forest. For sometime until the 19th century, a good part of this district was under the sovereignty of

Siam Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 mi ...

, as part of the old Malay

kingdom of Reman The Kingdom of Reman or Kingdom of Rahman ( ms, Kerajaan Reman; Jawi: كراجأن رمان; ; ) was a landlocked semi-independent Malay kingdom established in northern Malay Peninsula. It was one of seven regions of Pattani Kingdom, an aut ...

. The area then under Thai control included what is today Gerik, Pengkalan Hulu (Kroh), Kerunai, the

Belum forest Belum is a municipality in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany. History Belum belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. In the mid-16th century the inhabitants adopted Lutheranism. During the Leaguist occupation under ...

and the

s. The capital of Reman was near Pengkalan Hulu. In 1882, the border between the then-British

protected Protection is any measure taken to guard a thing against damage caused by outside forces. Protection can be provided to physical objects, including organisms, to systems, and to intangible things like civil and political rights. Although th ...

state of

and the Siamese vassal state of Reman was delimited at Bukit Nasha, some 5 km south of Gerik town. An adjustment in 1899 transferred Gerik town and the surrounding commune to the

Federated Malay States )Under God's Protection , capital = Kuala Lumpur1 , religion = Islam , legislature = Federal Legislative Council , type_house1 = State level , common_languages = , title_leader = Monarch , leader1 ...

, which Perak was then part of. The present-day border, part of the longer Malaysia-Thailand border, was finalised in

1909 Events January–February * January 4 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escaped death by fleeing across ice floes. * January 7 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama. * Januar ...

, when the districts of Pengkalan Hulu, Kerunai, Belukar Semang, Belum and the present-day Temenggor Lakes were transferred to the FMS. The British also gained control of

Perlis Perlis, ( Northern Malay: ''Peghelih''), also known by its honorific title Perlis Indera Kayangan, is the smallest state in Malaysia by area and population. Located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia, it borders the Thai provinces o ...

and

Terengganu Terengganu (; Terengganu Malay: ''Tranung'', Jawi: ), formerly spelled Trengganu or Tringganu, is a sultanate and constitutive state of federal Malaysia. The state is also known by its Arabic honorific, ''Dāru l- Īmān'' ("Abode of Faith"). ...

Administrative divisions

Hulu Perak District is divided into 10

mukim A mukim is a type of administrative division used in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. The word ''mukim'' is a loanword in English. However, it was also originally a loanword in Malay from the Arabic word: (meaning ''resident''). The clo ...

s and three district councils, which are: * Under Pengkalan Hulu District Council **

Pengkalan Hulu Pengkalan Hulu ( Jawi: ڤڠكالن هولو; ), formerly known as Kroh or Keroh, is a town and a mukim in Hulu Perak District, Perak, Malaysia, bordering Thailand and Kedah. The nearest town on the Thailand side is Betong in Yala province ...

(with Klian Intan) ** Belukar Semang * Under Gerik District Council **

(with Kuala Rui) **

Belum Belum is a municipality in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany. History Belum belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. In the mid-16th century the inhabitants adopted Lutheranism. During the Leaguist occupation under Ti ...

** Kenering (with Lawin) ** Kerunai ** Temenggor (with

Banding Island Banding Island (locally Pulau Banding) is an artificial island within Lake Temenggor, Perak, Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territori ...

) * Under Lenggong District Council **

Lenggong Lenggong (Jawi: لڠڬوڠ) is a town, a mukim and a parliamentary constituency in Hulu Perak District, Perak, Malaysia. The Lenggong valley in Hulu Perak is one of Peninsular Malaysia's most important areas for archaeology, as excavations h ...

** Durian Pipit (with Tasik Raban) ** Temelong (with

Kota Tampan Lenggong (Jawi: لڠڬوڠ) is a town, a mukim and a parliamentary constituency in Hulu Perak District, Perak, Malaysia. The Lenggong valley in Hulu Perak is one of Peninsular Malaysia's most important areas for archaeology, as excavations ...

) The municipalities of Pengkalan Hulu and Lenggong are autonomous subdistricts (daerah kecil).

Demographics

The following is based on Department of Statistics Malaysia 2010 census.

Federal Parliament and State Assembly Seats

List of Hulu Perak district representatives in the Federal Parliament (

Dewan Rakyat The Dewan Rakyat (English: 'House of Representatives'; ) is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament, the federal legislature of Malaysia. The chamber and its powers are established by Article 44 of the Constitution of Malaysia. The Dewan Ra ...

)

List of Hulu Perak district representatives in the State Legislative Assembly

References

External links