The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke

Mieszko I Mieszko I (; – 25 May 992) was the first ruler of Poland and the founder of the first independent Polish state, the Duchy of Poland. His reign stretched from 960 to his death and he was a member of the Piast dynasty, a son of Siemomysł and ...

(c. 930–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of king Casimir III the Great. Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male

Silesian Piast The Silesian Piasts were the elder of four lines of the Polish Piast dynasty beginning with Władysław II the Exile (1105–1159), eldest son of Duke Bolesław III of Poland. By Bolesław's testament, Władysław was granted Silesia as his he ...

died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The

Jagiellonian The Jagiellonian dynasty (, pl, dynastia jagiellońska), otherwise the Jagiellon dynasty ( pl, dynastia Jagiellonów), the House of Jagiellon ( pl, Dom Jagiellonów), or simply the Jagiellons ( pl, Jagiellonowie), was the name assumed by a cad ...

kings after John I Albert were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter.

Origin of the name

The early dukes and kings of Poland are said to have regarded themselves as descendants of the semi-legendary Piast the Wheelwright (''Piast Kołodziej''), first mentioned in the ''

Cronicae et gesta ducum sive principum Polonorum The ''Gesta principum Polonorum'' (; "''Deeds of the Princes of the Poles''") is the oldest known medieval chronicle documenting the history of Poland from the legendary times until 1113. Written in Latin by an anonymous author, it was most lik ...

'' (Chronicles and deeds of the dukes or princes of the Poles), written c. 1113 by Gallus Anonymus. However, the term "Piast Dynasty" was not applied until the 17th century.Encyklopedia Powszechna PWN Warsaw 1975 vol. III p. 505 In a historical work the expression Piast dynasty was introduced by the Polish historian Adam Naruszewicz, it is not documented in contemporary sources.

History

The first "Piasts", probably of Polan descent, appeared around 940 in the territory of

Greater Poland Greater Poland, often known by its Polish name Wielkopolska (; german: Großpolen, sv, Storpolen, la, Polonia Maior), is a Polish historical regions, historical region of west-central Poland. Its chief and largest city is Poznań followed ...

at the stronghold of Giecz. Shortly afterwards they relocated their residence to Gniezno, where Prince Mieszko I ruled over the '' Civitas Schinesghe'' from about 960. The Piasts temporarily also ruled over Pomerania,

Bohemia Bohemia ( ; cs, Čechy ; ; hsb, Čěska; szl, Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. Bohemia can also refer to a wider area consisting of the historical Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by the Bohem ...

and the Lusatias, as well as

Ruthenia Ruthenia or , uk, Рутенія, translit=Rutenia or uk, Русь, translit=Rus, label=none, pl, Ruś, be, Рутэнія, Русь, russian: Рутения, Русь is an exonym, originally used in Medieval Latin as one of several terms ...

, and the Hungarian Spiš region in present-day Slovakia. The ruler bore the title of a duke or a king, depending on their position of power. The Polish monarchy had to deal with the expansionist policies of the Holy Roman Empire in the west, resulting in a chequered co-existence, with Piast rulers like Mieszko I, Casimir I the Restorer or

Władysław I Herman Władysław I Herman ( 1044 – 4 June 1102) was the duke of Poland from 1079 until his death. Accession Władysław was the second son of the Polish duke Casimir the Restorer and Maria Dobroniega of Kiev. As the second son, Władysław was not ...

trying to protect the Polish state by treaties, oath of allegiances and marriage alliances with the Imperial Ottonian and

Salian The Salian dynasty or Salic dynasty (german: Salier) was a dynasty in the High Middle Ages. The dynasty provided four kings of Germany (1024–1125), all of whom went on to be crowned Holy Roman emperors (1027–1125). After the death of the l ...

dynasties. The Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty, the Hungarian Arpads and their

Anjou Anjou may refer to: Geography and titles France *County of Anjou, a historical county in France and predecessor of the Duchy of Anjou **Count of Anjou, title of nobility *Duchy of Anjou, a historical duchy and later a province of France **Duke ...

successors, the Kievan Rus', later also the State of the Teutonic Order and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were mighty neighbours. Poland1020-c

The Piast position was decisively enfeebled by an era of fragmentation following the 1138

Testament of Bolesław III Wrymouth The last will and testament of the Piast duke Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland, established rules for governance of the Polish kingdom by his four surviving sons after his death. By issuing it, Bolesław planned to guarantee that his heirs would n ...

. For nearly 150 years, the Polish state shattered into several duchies, with the Piast duke against the formally valid principle of agnatic seniority fighting for the throne at Kraków, the capital of the Lesser Polish

Seniorate Province Seniorate Province, also known as the Senioral Province, , was a district principality in the Duchy of Poland that was formed in 1138, following the fragmentation of the state. Its ruler held the title of the High Duke, ruling all duchies wit ...

. Numerous dukes like Mieszko III the Old,

Władysław III Spindleshanks : ''This article refers to the 12th-century Polish monarch. For the 15th-century Jagiellon monarch, see Władysław III of Poland, and for other monarchs with similar names see Ladislaus III (disambiguation)''. Władysław III Spindleshanks ( pl, W ...

or Leszek I the White were crowned, only to be overthrown shortly afterwards. The senior branch of the Silesian Piasts, descendants of Bolesław III Wrymouth's eldest son Duke

Władysław II the Exile : ''This article refers to the 12th century Polish monarch. For the 14th century founder of the Jagiellon dynasty, see Jogaila, and for other monarchs with similar names, see Ladislaus II (disambiguation).'' Vladislaus II the Exile ( pl, Władys� ...

, went separate ways and since the 14th century were vassals of the

Bohemian Crown The Lands of the Bohemian Crown were a number of incorporated states in Central Europe during the medieval and early modern periods connected by feudal relations under the Bohemian kings. The crown lands primarily consisted of the Kingdom of Bo ...

. After the Polish royal line and Piast junior branch had died out in 1370, the Polish crown fell to the Anjou king

Louis I of Hungary Louis I, also Louis the Great ( hu, Nagy Lajos; hr, Ludovik Veliki; sk, Ľudovít Veľký) or Louis the Hungarian ( pl, Ludwik Węgierski; 5 March 132610 September 1382), was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1342 and King of Poland from 1370 ...

, son of late King Casimir's sister Elizabeth Piast. The Masovian branch of the Piasts became extinct with the death of Duke

Janusz III Janusz III of Masovia (pl: ''Janusz III mazowiecki''; ca. 27 September 1502 – 9/10 March 1526), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast in the Masovian branch. He was a Duke of Czersk, Warsaw, Liw, Zakroczym and Nur during 1503-152 ...

in 1526. The last ruling duke of the Silesian Piasts was George William of Legnica who died in 1675. His uncle Count August of Legnica, the last male Piast, died in 1679. The last legitimate heir, Duchess Karolina of Legnica-Brieg died in 1707 and is buried in

Trzebnica Abbey Sanctuary of St. Jadwiga in Trzebnica, also known as Trzebnica Abbey, Was a convent for Cistercian nuns in Trzebnica, north of Wrocław, in Silesia, Poland, founded in 1203. It was abandoned for a few decades in the 19th century, and then was taken ...

. Nevertheless, numerous families, like the illegitimate descendants of the Silesian duke Adam Wenceslaus of Cieszyn (1574–1617), link their genealogy to the dynasty.

Coat of arms

About 1295, Przemysł II used a coat of arms with a white

eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, some of which are closely related. Most of the 68 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just ...

– a symbol later referred to as the Piast coat of arms or as the

Piast Eagle The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented List of Polish monarchs, Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I of Poland, Mieszko I (c. 930–992). The Poland during the Piast dynasty, Piasts' royal rule i ...

. Górczyk, Wojciech, "Półksiężyc, orzeł, lew i smok. Uwagi o godłach napieczętnych Piastów" http://histmag.org/?id=3057&act=ac The Silesian Piasts in the 14th century used an eagle modified by a crescent, which became the coat of arms of the Duchy of Silesia.

Piast rulers

Piast kings and rulers of Poland appear in list form in the following table. For a list of all rulers, see List of Polish monarchs.

Legendary dukes of the Polans

, native1 = Duke , life1 = 9th century , reignstart1 = 9th century , reignend1 = 9th century , notes1 = A legendary ruler of the

Polans Polans may refer to two Slavic tribes: * Polans (eastern) The Polans (, ''Poliany'', ''Polyane'', pl, Polanie), also Polianians, were an East Slavic tribe between the 6th and the 9th century, which inhabited both sides of the Dnieper river ...

, family1 =

(Tribe) , image1 = Monarch-emp.png , alt1 = , name2 = Piast the Wheelwright , nickname2 = pl, Piast Kołodziej
lat, Past Ckosisconis, Pazt filius Chosisconisu , native2 = Duke , life2 = 9th century , reignstart2 = 9th century , reignend2 = 9th century , notes2 = A legendary ruler of the

Son of Chościsko, father of Siemowit
Founder of the Piast dynasty , family2 = Piast , image2 = Piast.PNG , alt2 = , name3 = Siemowit , nickname3 = Ziemowit , native3 = Duke , life3 = 9th century , reignstart3 = 9th century , reignend3 = 9th century , notes3 = A semi-legendary ruler of the

, son of Piast the Wheelwright and Rzepicha , family3 = Piast , image3 = Siemowit.PNG , alt3 = , name4 = Lestek , nickname4 = Leszek, Lestko , native4 = Duke , life4 = 9th / 10th centuries , reignstart4 = 9th / 10th centuries , reignend4 = 9th / 10th centuries , notes4 = A semi-legendary ruler of the

, son of Siemowit , family4 = Piast , image4 = Lestek.PNG , alt4 = , name5 =

Siemomysł Siemomysł or Ziemomysł (died ) was the third duke of Polans of the Piast dynasty, and the father of Poland's first Christian ruler, Mieszko I. He was listed by Gallus Anonymous in his ''Gesta principum Polonorum'' and was the son of Lestek, th ...

, nickname5 = Ziemomysł , native5 = Duke , life5 = 10th century , reignstart5 = 10th century , reignend5 = 10th century , notes5 = A semi-legendary ruler of the

, son of Lestek , family5 = Piast , image5 = Siemomysł.PNG , alt5 =

Dukes and Kings of Poland

, native2 = Koronamala

King , life2 = 967 – 17 June 1025 , reignstart2 = Duke: 992
King: 18 April 1025 , reignend2 = Duke: 18 April 1025
King: 17 June 1025 , notes2 = Son of Mieszko I and Dobrawa of Bohemia
First to be crowned King
''Regnum Sclavorum, Gothorum sive Polonorum'' , family2 = Piast , image2 = Chrobry1.jpg , alt2 = , name3 = Mieszko II Lambert , nickname3 = , native3 = Koronamala

King , life3 = ca. 990 – 10/11 May 1034 , reignstart3 = 1025 , reignend3 = 1031 , notes3 = Son of Bolesław I and

Emnilda of Lusatia Emnilda ( pl, Emnilda słowiańska; – 1017), was a Slavic noblewoman and Duchess of Poland from 992 by her marriage with the Piast ruler Bolesław I the Brave. Ancestry She was a daughter of Dobromir, a Slavic ruler who in a 1013 entry wa ...

, family3 = Piast , image3 = Mieszko II.jpg , alt3 = , name4 = Bezprym , nickname4 = , native4 = Duke , life4 = ca. 986 – 1032 , reignstart4 = 1031 , reignend4 = 1032 , notes4 = Son of Bolesław I and

Judith of Hungary Judith of Hungary ( pl, Judyta węgierska; b. Esztergom, ca. 969 - d. Kraków?, ca. 988) was a Hungarian princess and member of the House of Arpad. She was briefly married to the Piast duke of Poland, Bolesław the Brave. According to some sourc ...

(''disputed'') , family4 = Piast , image4 = Bezprym.jpeg , alt4 = , name5 =

Otto Bolesławowic Otto Bolesławowic (1000–1033) was member of the House of Piast. He was the third son of King Bolesław the Brave of Poland. Having inherited no land from his father, he fled to Germany. After the defeat of his brother Mieszko II Lambert in 1032, ...

, nickname5 = , native5 = Duke , life5 = 1000 – 1033 , reignstart5 = 1032 , reignend5 = 1032 , notes5 = Son of Bolesław I and Emnilda , family5 = Piast , image5 = Monarch-emp.png , alt5 = , name6 =

Theodorick Dytryk (''Theoderick'') (born after 992 - died after 1032) – factual or titular district Duke of Poland. Grandson of Mieszko I and his second wife Oda of Haldensleben Oda of Haldensleben (c. 955/60 – 1023) was Duchess of the Polans by marriage ...

, nickname6 = Dytryk , native6 = Duke , life6 = after 992 - after 1032 , reignstart6 = 1032 , reignend6 = 1032 /1033 , notes6 = Grandson of Mieszko I and Oda of Haldensleben , family6 = Piast , image6 = Monarch-emp.png , alt6 = , name7 = Mieszko II Lambert , nickname7 = , native7 = Duke , life7 = ca. 990 – 10/11 May 1034 , reignstart7 = 1032 , reignend7 = 1034 , notes7 = Restored , family7 = Piast , image7 = Mieszko II.jpg , alt7 = , name8 = Bolesław the Forgotten , nickname8 = pl, Bolesław Zapomniany , native8 = Duke , life8 = before 1016 – 1038 or 1039 , reignstart8 = 1034 , reignend8 = 1038 /1039 , notes8 = Semi-legendary, existence disputed , family8 = Piast , image8 = Monarch-emp.png , alt8 = , name9 = Casimir I the Restorer , nickname9 = pl, Kazimierz I Odnowiciel , native9 = Duke , life9 = – , reignstart9 = 1039 , reignend9 = 1058 , notes9 = Son of Mieszko II and Richeza of Lotharingia , family9 = Piast , image9 = Odnowiciel.jpg , alt9 = , name10 =

Bolesław II the Bold Boleslav or Bolesław may refer to: In people: * Boleslaw (given name) In geography: * Bolesław, Dąbrowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland * Bolesław, Olkusz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland * Bolesław, Silesian Voivodeship, ...

, nickname10 = pl, Bolesław II Szczodry / Śmiały , native10 = Koronamala

King , life10 = ca. 1041 or 1042 – 2 or 3 April 1081 or 1082 , reignstart10 = Duke: 1058
King: 1076 , reignend10 = Duke: 1076
King: 1079 , notes10 = Son of Kazimierz I and Maria Dobroniega of Kiev , family10 = Piast , image10 = Bolesław II Śmiały by Aleksander Lesser.PNG , alt510 = , name11 =

, nickname11 = , native11 = Duke , life11 = ca. 1044 – 4 June 1102 , reignstart11 = 1079 , reignend11 = 1102 , notes11 = Son of Kazimierz I and Maria Dobroniega , family11 = Piast , image11 = Jan Matejko, Władysław I Herman.jpg , alt11 = , name12 = Zbigniew , nickname12 = Zbygniew , native12 = Duke , life12 = ca. 1073 – 8 July 1113 , reignstart12 = 1102 , reignend12 = 1107 , notes12 = Son of Władysław I and Przecława of

Prawdzic coat of arms Prawdzic (Prawdzik) - was historically a Polish Coat of Arms. It was used by the nobility clans and later szlachta families in the times of the Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569) and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. History Motto The mo ...

(''disputed'')
First jointly with Władysław I 1098-1102 , family12 = Piast , image12 = Zbigniew.JPG , alt12 = , name13 = Bolesław III Wrymouth , nickname13 = pl, Bolesław III Krzywousty , native13 = Duke , life13 = – , reignstart13 = 1107 , reignend13 = 1138 , notes13 = Son of Władysław I and

Judith of Bohemia Judith of Bohemia (c. 1056/58 – 25 December 1086), also known as Judith Přemyslid, was a member of the Přemyslid dynasty and duchess of Poland by marriage. She was a daughter of Duke Vratislaus II of Bohemia and Adelaide of Hungary, and was m ...

First jointly with Władysław 1098-1102
Introduced '' senioral principle'' , family13 = Piast , image13 = Krzywousty1.jpg , alt13 =

High Dukes of Poland (Fragmentation of the Kingdom)

, native1 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life1 = 1105 – 30 May 1159 , reignstart1 = 1138 , reignend1 = 1146 , notes1 = Son of Bolesław III and Zbyslava of Kiev
Also Duke of Silesia
Exiled by his brothers , family1 = Piast , image1 = Jan Matejko, Władysław II Wygnaniec.jpg , alt1 = , name2 = Bolesław IV the Curly , nickname2 = pl, Bolesław Kędzierzawy , native2 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life2 = ca. 1125 – 5 January 1173 , reignstart2 = 1146 , reignend2 = 1173 , notes2 = Son of Bolesław III and

Salomea of Berg Salomea of Berg (german: Salome von Berg, pl, Salomea z Bergu; – 27 July 1144) was a German noblewoman and, by marriage with Prince Bolesław III Wrymouth in 1115, High Duchess of Poland until her husband's death in 1138. Life Salomea was th ...

Also Duke of Masovia , family2 = Piast , image2 = Jan Matejko, Bolesław IV Kędzierzawy.jpg , alt2 = , name3 = Mieszko III the Old , nickname3 = pl, Mieszko III Stary , native3 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life3 = ca. 1127 – 13 March 1202 , reignstart3 = 1173 , reignend3 = 1177 , notes3 = Son of Bolesław III and Salomea
Also Duke of Greater Poland , family3 = Piast , image3 = Mieszko stary.jpg , alt3 = , name4 =

Casimir II the Just Casimir II the Just ( pl, Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy; 28 October 1138 – 5 May 1194) was a Lesser Polish Duke of Wiślica from 1166–1173, and of Sandomierz after 1173. He became ruler over the Polish Seniorate Province at Kraków and thereby Hig ...

, nickname4 = pl, Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy , native4 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life4 = ca. 1138 – 5 May 1194 , reignstart4 = 1177 , reignend4 = 1190 , notes4 = Son of Bolesław III and Salomea
Also Duke of Wiślica and Sandomierz , family4 = Piast , image4 = Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy 2.jpg , alt4 = , name5 = Mieszko III the Old , nickname5 = pl, Mieszko III Stary , native5 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life5 = ca. 1127 – 13 March 1202 , reignstart5 = 1190 , reignend5 = 1190 , notes5 = Restored , family5 = Piast , image5 = Mieszko stary.jpg , alt5 = , name6 =

, nickname6 = pl, Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy , native6 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life6 = ca. 1138 – 5 May 1194 , reignstart6 = 1190 , reignend6 = 1194 , notes6 = Restored , family6 = Piast , image6 = Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy 2.jpg , alt6 = , name7 = Leszek I the White , nickname7 = pl, Leszek Biały , native7 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life7 = ca. 1186 – 24 November 1227 , reignstart7 = 1194 , reignend7 = 1198 , notes7 = Son of Casimir II and

Helen of Znojmo Helena of Znojmo ( cs, Helena Znojemská; pl, Helena znojemska; c. 1141–1202/1206), was a Bohemian princess, a member of the Přemyslid dynasty. She was the daughter of Duke Conrad II of Znojmo and his Serbian wife Maria of Rascia (daughter of ...

Also Duke of Sandomierz , family7 = Piast , image7 = Jan Matejko, Leszek Biały.jpg , alt7 = , name8 = Mieszko III the Old , nickname8 = pl, Mieszko III Stary , native8 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life8 = ca. 1127 – 13 March 1202 , reignstart8 = 1198 , reignend8 = 1199 , notes8 = Restored , family8 = Piast , image8 = Mieszko stary.jpg , alt8 = , name9 = Leszek I the White , nickname9 = pl, Leszek Biały , native9 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life9 = ca. 1186 – 24 November 1227 , reignstart9 = 1199 , reignend9 = 1199 , notes9 = Restored , family9 = Piast , image9 = Jan Matejko, Leszek Biały.jpg , alt9 = , name10 = Mieszko III the Old , nickname10 = pl, Mieszko III Stary , native10 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life10 = ca. 1127 – 13 March 1202 , reignstart10 = 1199 , reignend10 = 1202 , notes10 = Restored , family10 = Piast , image10 = Mieszko stary.jpg , alt10 = , name11 =

, nickname11 = pl, Władysław III Laskonogi , native11 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life11 = ca. 1161/66 – 3 November 1231 , reignstart11 = 1202 , reignend11 = 1202 , notes11 = Son of Mieszko III and

Eudoxia of Kiev Eudoxia Iziaslavna of Kiev (russian: Евдокия Изяславна, pl, Eudoksja Izjasławówna, italic=no; c. 1131 – c. 1187), was a Kievan Rus' princess member of the Rurikid dynasty and by marriage Greater Poland, Duchess of Greater Pola ...

Also Duke of Greater Poland , family11 = Piast , image11 = Jan Matejko, Władysław Laskonogi.jpg , alt11 = , name12 = Leszek I the White , nickname12 = pl, Leszek Biały , native12 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life12 = ca. 1186 – 24 November 1227 , reignstart12 = 1202 , reignend12 = 1210 , notes12 = Restored , family12 = Piast , image12 = Jan Matejko, Leszek Biały.jpg , alt12 = , name13 = Mieszko IV Tanglefoot , nickname13 = pl, Mieszko I Plątonogi , native13 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life13 = ca. 1130 – 16 May 1211 , reignstart13 = 1210 , reignend13 = 1211 , notes13 = Son of Władysław II and

Agnes of Babenberg Agnes of Babenberg ( pl, Agnieszka austriacka; 1108/13 – 24/25 January 1163) was a scion of the Franconian House of Babenberg and by marriage High Duchess of Poland and Duchess of Silesia. Family and personality Agnes was a daughter of Leo ...

Also Duke of Silesia , family13 = Piast , image13 = Mieszko IV.JPG , alt13 = , name14 = Leszek I the White , nickname14 = pl, Leszek Biały , native14 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life14 = ca. 1186 – 24 November 1227 , reignstart14 = 1211 , reignend14 = 1225 , notes14 = Restored , family14 = Piast , image14 = Jan Matejko, Leszek Biały.jpg , alt14 = , name15 = Henryk I the Bearded , nickname15 = pl, Henryk I Brodaty , native15 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life15 = ca. 1165 – 19 March 1238 , reignstart15 = 1225 , reignend15 = 1225 , notes15 = Grandson of Władysław II, son of

Bolesław I the Tall Bolesław I the Tall ( pl, Bolesław I Wysoki) (born 1127 – died Leśnica (now part of Wrocław), 7 or 8 December 1201) was Duke of Wroclaw from 1163 until his death in 1201. Early years He was the eldest son of Władysław II the Exile by ...

and Krystyna
Also Duke of Silesia , family15 = Piast , image15 = Jan Matejko, Henryk I Brodaty.jpg , alt15 = , name16 = Leszek I the White , nickname16 = pl, Leszek Biały , native16 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life16 = ca. 1186 – 24 November 1227 , reignstart16 = 1225 , reignend16 = 1227 , notes16 = Restored
Assassinated , family16 = Piast , image16 = Jan Matejko, Leszek Biały.jpg , alt16 = , name17 =

, nickname17 = pl, Władysław III Laskonogi , native17 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life17 = ca. 1161/66 – 3 November 1231 , reignstart17 = 1227 , reignend17 = 1229 , notes17 = Restored , family17 = Piast , image17 = Jan Matejko, Władysław Laskonogi.jpg , alt17 = , name18 = Konrad I of Masovia , nickname18 = pl, Konrad I Mazowiecki , native18 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life18 = ca. 1187/88 – 31 August 1247 , reignstart18 = 1229 , reignend18 = 1232 , notes18 = Son of Kazimierz II and Helen of Znojmo
Also Duke of Masovia , family18 = Piast , image18 = Konrad I Mazowiecki.jpg , alt18 = , name19 = Henryk I the Bearded , nickname19 = pl, Henryk I Brodaty , native19 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life19 = ca. 1165 – 19 March 1238 , reignstart19 = 1232 , reignend19 = 1238 , notes19 = Restored , family19 = Piast , image19 = Jan Matejko, Henryk I Brodaty.jpg , alt19 = , name20 =

Henryk II the Pious Henry II the Pious ( pl, Henryk II Pobożny; 1196 – 9 April 1241) was Duke of Silesia and High Duke of Poland as well as Duke of South-Greater Poland from 1238 until his death. Between 1238 and 1239 he also served as regent of Sandomierz and ...

, nickname20 = pl, Henryk II Pobożny , native20 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life20 = ca. 1196 – 9 April 1241 , reignstart20 = 1238 , reignend20 = 1241 , notes20 = Son of Henry I and Saint

Hedwig of Andechs Hedwig of Silesia ( pl, Święta Jadwiga Śląska), also Hedwig of Andechs (german: Heilige Hedwig von Andechs, la, Hedvigis; 1174 – 15 October 1243), a member of the Bavarian comital House of Andechs, was Duchess of Silesia from 1201 and o ...

(Saint Hedwig of Silesia)
Also Duke of Wroclaw and Greater Poland
Fell at

Battle of Legnica The Battle of Legnica ( pl, bitwa pod Legnicą), also known as the Battle of Liegnitz (german: Schlacht von Liegnitz) or Battle of Wahlstatt (german: Schlacht bei Wahlstatt), was a battle between the Mongol Empire and combined European forces t ...

, family20 = Piast , image20 = Henryk II Pobożny tomb effigy.PNG , alt20 = , name21 =

Bolesław II Rogatka Boleslav or Bolesław may refer to: In people: * Boleslaw (given name) In geography: * Bolesław, Dąbrowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland * Bolesław, Olkusz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland * Bolesław, Silesian Voivodeship, ...

, nickname21 = Bolesław II the Horned , native21 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life21 = ca. 1220 – 1225 , reignstart21 = 1241 , reignend21 = 1241 , notes21 = Son of Henry II and

Anne of Bohemia Anne of Bohemia (11 May 1366 – 7 June 1394), also known as Anne of Luxembourg, was Queen of England as the first wife of King Richard II. A member of the House of Luxembourg, she was the eldest daughter of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor and ...

Also Duke of Silesia , family21 = Piast , image21 = Monarch-emp.png , alt21 = , name22 = Konrad I of Masovia , nickname22 = pl, Konrad I Mazowiecki , native22 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life22 = ca. 1187/88 – 31 August 1247 , reignstart22 = 1241 , reignend22 = 1243 , notes22 = Restored , family22 = Piast , image22 = Konrad I Mazowiecki.jpg , alt22 = , name23 = Bolesław V the Chaste , nickname23 = pl, Bolesław Wstydliwy , native23 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life23 = 21 June 1226 – 7 December 1279 , reignstart23 = 1243 , reignend23 = 1279 , notes23 = Son of Leszek the White and Grzymislawa of Luck , family23 = Piast , image23 = Jan Matejko, Bolesław Wstydliwy.jpg , alt23 = , name24 = Leszek II the Black , nickname24 = pl, Leszek Czarny , native24 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life24 = ca. 1241 – 30 September 1288 , reignstart24 = 1279 , reignend24 = 1288 , notes24 = Paternal grandson of Konrad I of Masovia
Maternal grandson of Henry II
Son of

Casimir I of Kuyavia Casimir I of Kuyavia ( pl, Kazimierz I kujawski) (c. 1211 – 14 December 1267) was a Polish prince and a member of the House of Piast. He was Duke of Kujawy after 1233, ruler over Ląd from 1239-1261, ruler over Wyszogród after 1242, Duke of Si ...

and

Constance of Wrocław Constance of Wrocław ( pl, Konstancja wrocławska) (c.1221–27 – 21 or 23 February 1257) was a princess of Silesia and the duchess of Kuyavia. She was a member of the Polish House of Piast and mother of Leszek the Black and Ziemomysł of Kuyav ...

, family24 = Piast , image24 = Jan Matejko, Leszek Czarny.jpg , alt24 = , name25 =

Bolesław II of Masovia Bolesław II of Masovia or Bolesław II of Płock (pl: ''Bolesław II mazowiecki (płocki)''; ca. 1253/58 – 20 April 1313), was a Polish prince, member of the House of Piast, Duke of Masovia during 1262-1275 jointly with his brother, after 12 ...

, nickname25 = Boleslaw II of Płock , native25 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life25 = ca. 1251 – 20 April 1313 , reignstart25 = 1288 , reignend25 = 1288 , notes25 = Grandson of Konrad I of Masovia
Duke of Masovia , family25 = Piast , image25 = Bolesław II.jpg , alt25 = , name26 = Henryk IV Probus , nickname26 = pl, Henryk IV Prawy , native26 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life26 = ca. 1257/58 – 23 June 1290 , reignstart26 = 1288 , reignend26 = 1289 , notes26 = Paternal grandson of Henryk II
Maternal grandson of Konrad I
Son of

Henry III the White Henry III the White ( pl, Henryk III Biały) ( – 3 December 1266), a member of the Silesian Piasts, was Duke of Silesia at Wrocław from 1248 until his death, as co-ruler with his brother Władysław. Life He was the third son of the Polish hi ...

and Judyta of Masovia
Duke of Lower Silesia , family26 = Piast , image26 = Henryk IV Probus tomb effigy.PNG , alt26 = , name27 =

, nickname27 = Boleslaw II of Płock , native27 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life27 = ca. 1251 – 20 April 1313 , reignstart27 = 1289 , reignend27 = 1289 , notes27 = Restored , family27 = Piast , image27 = Bolesław II.jpg , alt27 = , name28 = Władysław I the Elbow-high , nickname28 = pl, Władysław I Łokietek , native28 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life28 = 1261 – 2 March 1333 , reignstart28 = 1289 , reignend28 = 1289 , notes28 = Grandson of Konrad I of Masovia
Son of Kazimierz I of Kujawia and Euphrosyne of Opole , family28 = Piast , image28 = Wladislaus I of Poland.PNG , alt28 = , name29 = Henryk IV Probus , nickname29 = pl, Henryk IV Prawy , native29 = High Duke
Supreme Prince , life29 = ca. 1257/58 – 23 June 1290 , reignstart29 = 1289 , reignend29 = 1290 , notes29 = Restored , family29 = Piast , image29 = Henryk IV Probus tomb effigy.PNG , alt29 =

Kings of Poland (Reunification attempts)

Kings of Poland (Reunited Kingdom)

, native1 = Koronamala

King , life1 = 1261 – 2 March 1333 , reignstart1 = 1320 , reignend1 = 1333 , notes1 = Restored
Re-united the Kingdom of Poland , family1 = Piast , image1 = Wladislaus I of Poland.PNG , alt1 = , name2 = Casimir III the Great , nickname2 = pl, Kazimierz III Wielki , native2 = Koronamala

King , life2 = – , reignstart2 = 1333 , reignend2 = 1370 , notes2 = Son of Władysław I the Elbow-high and Jadwiga of Kalisz
Regarded as one of the greatest Polish monarchs , family2 = Piast , image2 = Casimir the Great by Leopold Löffler.PNG , alt2 =

Female Piasts

Queen consorts

Świętosława Świętosława was a Polish princess, the daughter of Mieszko I of Poland and sister of Bolesław I of Poland. According to German chroniclers, this princess, whose name is not given, was married first to Eric the Victorious of Sweden and then t ...

, supposed daughter of Mieszko I of Poland, Queen consort of Denmark, Norway, Sweden and England, mother of Cnut the Great, King of all England, Denmark and Norway * Świętosława of Poland, daughter of Casimir I the Restorer,

Queen consort of Bohemia This is a list of the royal consorts of the rulers of Bohemia. The first Duchess of Bohemia (''česká kněžna'') was St. Ludmila, while the first Queen of Bohemia (''česká královna'') was Świętosława of Poland. Some of them were (like ...

* Richeza of Poland, Queen of Sweden, daughter of Bolesław III Wrymouth, Queen consort of Sweden, mother of Canute V of Denmark, King of Denmark and Sophia of Minsk, Queen consort of Denmark * Richeza of Poland, Queen of Castile, daughter of

Queen consort of León This is a list of the '' royal consort'' of the ''Kingdom of León''. ''It is, in part, a continuation of the list of Asturian royal consorts''. Royal Consorts of León House of Alfonso House of Jiménez House of Burgundy Hous ...

and

Galicia Galicia may refer to: Geographic regions * Galicia (Spain), a region and autonomous community of northwestern Spain ** Gallaecia, a Roman province ** The post-Roman Kingdom of the Suebi, also called the Kingdom of Gallaecia ** The medieval King ...

, Queen consort of Castile,

Empress of All Spains is a Latin title meaning "Emperor of All Spain". In Spain in the Middle Ages, the title "emperor" (from Latin ''imperator'') was used under a variety of circumstances from the ninth century onwards, but its usage peaked, as a formal and pract ...

Salomea of Poland Salomea of Poland (1211/1212 – 1268), also known as Salomea of Cracow or Blessed Salomea ( pl, Błogosławiona Salomea), (1211–1268) was a Polish princess and from 1215 to 1219 the Queen of Halych by virtue of being the wife of Kálmán or Co ...

, daughter of Leszek I the White, Queen consort of Halych *

Fenenna of Kuyavia Fenenna of Kuyavia (also known as of Inowrocław; pl, Fenenna kujawska or inowrocławska; c. 1276–1295) was Queen of Hungary by marriage to King Andrew III. Fenenna was the daughter of Duke Ziemomysł of Inowrocław by his wife Salomea, daug ...

, daughter of Ziemomysł of Kuyavia,

Queen consort of Hungary This is a list of the queens consorts of Hungary ( hu, királyné), the consorts of the kings of Hungary. After the extinction of the Árpád dynasty and later the Angevin dynasty, the title of King of Hungary has been held by a monarch outsid ...

* Elizabeth Richeza of Poland, daughter of Przemysł II,

Queen consort of Poland The wives of the rulers of the Kingdom of Poland were duchesses or queens consort of Poland. Two women ruled Poland as queens regnant, but their husbands were kings ''jure uxoris''. Wives of early Polish monarchs Duchesses of the Polans ...

and

* Viola of Cieszyn, daughter of Mieszko I, Duke of Cieszyn, Queen consort of Hungary, Bohemia and Poland *

Maria of Bytom Maria of Bytom ( pl, Maria bytomska; before 1295 – 15 December 1317) was a Queen of Hungary by marriage to Charles I of Hungary. She was the third child and only daughter of Duke Casimir of Bytom by his wife Helena, whose origins are unkn ...

, daughter of

Casimir of Bytom Casimir of Bytom ( pl, Kazimierz; 1253/57 – 10 March 1312) was a Duke of Opole during 1282–1284 (with his brother as co-ruler) and Duke of Bytom from 1284 until his death. He was the second son of Władysław, Duke of Opole–Racibórz ...

, Queen consort of Hungary *

Beatrice of Silesia Beatrice of Silesia (also known as Beatrice of Świdnica; pl, Beatrycze świdnicka, german: Beatrix von Schweidnitz ; 1290 – 24 October 1322) was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast in the Silesian branch of Jawor-Świdnica and by m ...

, daughter of Bolko I the Strict, Queen of the Romans * Hedwig of Kalisz, daughter of

Bolesław the Pious Bolesław the Pious (1224/27 – 14 April 1279) was a Duke of Greater Poland during 1239–1247 (according to some historians during 1239–1241 sole Duke of Ujście), Duke of Kalisz during 1247–1249, Duke of Gniezno during 1249–1250, Duke o ...

, Queen consort of Poland, mother of Casimir III the Great King of Poland and

Elizabeth of Poland Elizabeth of Poland ( hu, Erzsébet, pl, Elżbieta; 1305 – 29 December 1380) was Queen of Hungary by marriage to Charles I of Hungary, and regent of Poland from 1370 to 1376 during the reign of her son Louis I. Life Early life She was a memb ...

Queen consort of Hungary *

, daughter of Władysław I the Elbow-high, Queen consort of Hungary, mother of Louis I, King of Poland, Hungary and Croatia and Charles I of Hungary, King of Hungary and Croatia * Anna of Świdnica, daughter of Henry II, Duke of Świdnica,

Queen consort of Germany German queen (german: Deutsche Königin) is the informal title used when referring to the wife of the king of the Kingdom of Germany. The official titles of the wives of German kings were Queen of the Germans and later Queen of the Romans ( la, ...

, of Bohemia and Holy Roman Empress, mother of Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia,

King of the Romans King of the Romans ( la, Rex Romanorum; german: König der Römer) was the title used by the king of Germany following his election by the princes from the reign of Henry II (1002–1024) onward. The title originally referred to any German k ...

and of Bohemia * Hedwig of Sagan, daughter of

Henry V of Iron Henry V (III) of Iron ( pl, Henryk V Żelazny; – after 8 April 1369), was a Duke of Żagań since 1342, from 1349 Duke of half-Głogów, and from 1363 Duke of half-Ścinawa. He was the only son of Henry IV (II) the Faithful, Duke of Żagań, ...

, Queen consort of Poland

Priesthood

Archbishops

Bolesław of Toszek Bolesław of Toszek ( hu, Boleszláv; 1276/78 – December 1328), was a Duke of Toszek from 1303 to his death (after 1315 only formally) and Archbishop of Esztergom from 1321. Early career Bolesław was born around 1278 into the Silesian Pia ...

– Archbishop of Esztergom *

Władysław of Wroclaw Władysław of Salzburg, also known as Władysław of Wrocław/Breslau ( pl, Władysław Wrocławski) or Władysław of Silesia (german: Wladislaus von Schlesien, cs, Vladislav Slezský; – 27 April 1270), a member of the Silesian Piasts, was ...

– Archbishop of Salzburg

Bishops

Jarosław of Opole Jarosław (; uk, Ярослав, Yaroslav, ; yi, יאַרעסלאָוו, Yareslov; german: Jaroslau) is a town in south-eastern Poland, with 38,970 inhabitants, as of 30 June 2014. Situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship (since 1999), prev ...

– Bishop of Wrocław * Mieszko of Bytom – Bishop of Nitra and of

Veszprém Veszprém (; german: Weißbrunn, sl, Belomost) is one of the oldest urban areas in Hungary, and a city with county rights. It lies approximately north of the Lake Balaton. It is the administrative center of the county (comitatus or 'megye') of ...

Henry of Masovia Henry of Masovia ( pl, Henryk mazowiecki) (1368/1370–1392/1393) was a noble and a bishop of the Kingdom of Poland. Biography Henry of Masovia, born between 1368 and 1370 in Rawa Mazowiecka was the youngest child of one of the Piast dynasty pri ...

– Bishop of Płock * Jan Kropidło – Bishop of Poznań,

Włocławek Włocławek (Polish pronunciation: ; german: Leslau) is a city located in central Poland along the Vistula (Wisła) River and is bordered by the Gostynin-Włocławek Landscape Park. As of December 2021, the population of the city is 106,928. Loc ...

, Kamień and Chełmno, Archbishop of Gniezno (only formally) *

Wenceslaus II of Legnica Wenceslaus II, Duke of Legnica (1348 – 30 December 1419) was a Duke of Legnica from 1364 (only nominal; from 1409 he reigned alone and personally) until 1413, Bishop of Lebus (1375–82) and Breslau ( Wroclaw) (1382–1417; also Duke of Nys ...

– Bishop of Lebus and of Wrocław * Henry VIII of Legnica – Bishop of Wrocław *

Konrad IV the Older Konrad IV the Older ( pl, Konrad IV Starszy, german: Konrad von Oels) (ca. 1384 – 9 August 1447) was a Duke of Oels (Oleśnica), Koźle, half of Bytom and half of Ścinawa during 1412–1416 (with his brothers as co-rulers), since 1416 sole ru ...

– Bishop of Wrocław * Alexander of Masovia – Bishop of Trento *

Casimir III of Płock Casimir III of Płock (pl: ''Kazimierz III płocki''; 10 June 1448/8 June 1449 - 9 June 1480), was a Polish prince and member of the Masovian branch of the House of Piast. He was a Duke of Warsaw, Nur, Łomża, Liw, Ciechanów, Wyszogród and Za ...

– Bishop of Płock

Family tree of Piasts

References

External links

''Dukes of Kraków, Princes of Poland'', Collier's
{{DEFAULTSORT:Piast Dynasty History of Poland during the Piast dynasty History of Silesia