Hong is the

pinyin Hanyu Pinyin (), often shortened to just pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Mandarin Chinese in China, and to some extent, in Singapore and Malaysia. It is often used to teach Mandarin, normally written in Chinese fo ...

romanization Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, a ...

of the Chinese surname (''Hóng''). It was listed 184th among the

Song A song is a musical composition intended to be performed by the human voice. This is often done at distinct and fixed pitches (melodies) using patterns of sound and silence. Songs contain various forms, such as those including the repetiti ...

-era '' Hundred Family Surnames''. Today it is not among the 100 most common surnames in mainland China but it was the 15th-most-common surname in Taiwan in 2005. As counted by a Chinese census,

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the no ...

is the area with the largest number of people with the name. It is also the pinyin romanization of a number of less-common names including ''Hóng'' (), ''Hóng'' ( t , s ), and ''Hóng'' (). All of those names are romanized as Hung in Wade-Giles. "Hong" is also one spelling employed for the

Cantonese Cantonese ( zh, t=廣東話, s=广东话, first=t, cy=Gwóngdūng wá) is a language within the Chinese (Sinitic) branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages originating from the city of Guangzhou (historically known as Canton) and its surrounding a ...

pronunciation of the surname Xiong (). The

Hokkien The Hokkien () variety of Chinese is a Southern Min language native to and originating from the Minnan region, where it is widely spoken in the south-eastern part of Fujian in southeastern mainland China. It is one of the national languages ...

and Teochew romanization of Hong (that uses the character 洪) is Ang, which is also used for

Wang Wang may refer to: Names * Wang (surname) (王), a common Chinese surname * Wāng (汪), a less common Chinese surname * Titles in Chinese nobility * A title in Korean nobility * A title in Mongolian nobility Places * Wang River in Thaila ...

(, ''Wāng''). It is also the romanization used for the Korean surname Hong, which uses the character 洪 in

hanja Hanja (Hangul: ; Hanja: , ), alternatively known as Hancha, are Chinese characters () used in the writing of Korean. Hanja was used as early as the Gojoseon period, the first ever Korean kingdom. (, ) refers to Sino-Korean vocabulary, ...

, the Khmer surname ហុង (Hong), as well as the surname Hồng in Vietnam, from the Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese character 洪.

Origin

The name literally means "flood". The legendary origin of the family links it to descendants of the Yan Emperor who originally bore the

ancestral name In some cultures, a surname, family name, or last name is the portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family, tribe or community. Practices vary by culture. The family name may be placed at either the start of a person's full name, ...

(''xing'') Jiang (姜) and the clan name "Gonggong" (共共). The Gonggongs directed irrigation works and managed flood control on the west bank of the Yellow River in the southeast corner of the Ordos Loop above the

Wei Wei or WEI may refer to: States * Wey (state) (衛, 1040–209 BC), Wei in pinyin, but spelled Wey to distinguish from the bigger Wei of the Warring States * Wei (state) (魏, 403–225 BC), one of the seven major states of the Warring States per ...

. After the Yellow Emperor conquered the Yan Emperor's territory, his relatives and descendants were persecuted and the Gonggong rebelled during the reign of the Gaoyang Emperor. The future Ku Emperor led an army against the rebellion and crushed them at the Battle of Bei Zhou Shan. Supposedly, among his soldiers were the descendants of Suiren, credited with the invention of fire, so that this is referred to in Chinese sources as a battle between fire and water. The Gonggong were reinstated in their former position only to provoke widespread flooding under the

Yao Emperor Yao or YAO may refer to: * Yao (surname), the transliteration of Chinese family names 姚, 銚, and 么 * Yao (ruler), a mythical Chinese ruler and emperor * Yao Ming, Chinese Basketball All-Star that played for the Houston Rockets * Euphrasie Koua ...

when they opposed some of his orders. A second army brought a second defeat and the Yao Emperor banished the Gonggong to

Jiangnan Jiangnan or Jiang Nan (; formerly romanized Kiang-nan, literally "South of the River" meaning "South of the Yangtze") is a geographic area in China referring to lands immediately to the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, incl ...

. When the Chinese ceased to have both ancestral and clan names, many Gonggongs combined the water radical from ''jiang'' with the character ''gong'' to produce Hong.

Ancestral centers

Dunhuang in Gansu and Nanchang in

Jiangxi Jiangxi (; ; formerly romanized as Kiangsi or Chianghsi) is a landlocked province in the east of the People's Republic of China. Its major cities include Nanchang and Jiujiang. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north int ...

List of persons with the surname

Hong

* Hong Chengchou (1593–1665), Chinese official under the

Ming The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han pe ...

and Qing dynasties * Hong Liangji (1746–1809), Chinese scholar, statesman, political theorist, and philosopher *

Hong Xiuquan Hong Xiuquan (1 January 1814 – 1 June 1864), born Hong Huoxiu and with the courtesy name Renkun, was a Chinese revolutionary who was the leader of the Taiping Rebellion against the Qing dynasty. He established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdo ...

(born Hong Houxiu; 1814–1862), a leader of the

Taiping Rebellion The Taiping Rebellion, also known as the Taiping Civil War or the Taiping Revolution, was a massive rebellion and civil war that was waged in China between the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Han, Hakka-led Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. It last ...

Hong Rengan Hong Rengan (; 18 February 1822 – 23 November 1864) was an important leader of the Taiping Rebellion. He was a distant cousin of the movement's founder and spiritual leader Hong Xiuquan. His position as the Gan Wang (干王, lit. "the Shield Ki ...

(1822–1864), a leader of the

Hong Yuanshuo Hong Yuanshuo (; 31 March 1948 – 1 August 2015) was a Chinese football manager and a former player. Throughout his playing career he spent all of it with Beijing where he won the 1973 league title with them. Since retiring he would move into s ...

(1948–2015), Chinese football manager and football player * Jian Fang Lay (''Hóng Jiànfāng'' 洪劍芳; born 1973), right-handed Australian ladies table tennis player * Apple Hong (''Hóng Yǐxīn'' 洪乙心; born 1978), Singaporean-Malaysian actress and singer * Hong Peiyun (born 2001), Chinese idol singer and member of Chinese idol group SNH48

Hung

* Hung Shing (), Tang Dynasty official and was honoured as Deity in Guangdong province and Hong Kong * Hung Hei-gun (; 1745–1825), Chinese martial artist of the Southern Shaolin school *

William Hung (sinologist) William Hung (; October 27, 1893December 22, 1980), was a Chinese historian and sinologist who taught for many years at Yenching University, Peking, which was China's leading Christian university, and at Harvard University. He is known for ...

(; 1893–1980), Chinese sinologist * Hung Tung (; born 1920), Taiwanese painter *

Hung I-Hsiang Hung I-Hsiang or Hong Yixiang () (1925–1993) was a Taiwanese martial artist who specialized in the internal Chinese styles of xingyiquan, baguazhang, and taijiquan. Hung I-Hsiang was born in Taiwan. He studied with Chang Chun-Feng (), a mast ...

(; 1925–1993), Taiwanese martial artist * John Hung (; born 1938), Hong Kong businessman *

Hung Meng-chi Hung Meng-chi (; born 20 April 1947) is a Taiwanese politician. He was the Minister of Culture of the Republic of China from 23 January 2015 until 20 May 2016, having previously served as acting minister since 8 December 2014. Early life Hung ...

(; born 1947), Taiwanese politician, Minister of Culture (2014–2016) * Hung Hsiu-chu (; born 1948), Taiwanese Kuomintang politician * Mien-Chie Hung (; born 1950), Taiwanese-born American molecular biologist and cancer researcher * Hung Chi-chang (; born 1951), Taiwanese politician, Chairman of the Straits Exchange Foundation (2007–2008) *

Sammo Hung Sammo Hung Kam-bo ( zh, t=洪金寶, j=Hung4 Gam1-bou2; born 7 January 1952) is a Hong Kong actor, martial artist, film producer and director, known for his work in martial arts films, Hong Kong action cinema, and as a fight choreographer for ...

(; born 1952), Hong Kong actor and martial artist * Hong Hong (), an actress from Hong Kong from 1950s to 1960s. Hong Hong has now retired from the film industry entirely. * Stephen Hung (; born 1959), Hong Kong property investor * Hung Huang (; born 1961), Chinese television host *

Chris Hung Chris Hung (; born 19 March 1963) is a Taiwanese enka and Hokkien pop singer and television host. Widely known as the "king of Taiwanese pop," he has won five Golden Melody Awards and one Golden Bell Award. The eldest of three sons born to s ...

(; born 1963), Taiwanese enka and Hokkien pop singer * Hung Chung Yam (; born 1967), Hong Kong former cyclist * Hong Chong fen (), a male lecturer from Hong Kong education university * Hung Cee Kay (; born 1972), Hong Kong swimmer *

Timmy Hung Timmy Hung Tin-ming (born 1 July 1974) is a Hong Kong actor. He is the eldest son of Sammo Hung. Background He was born in Hong Kong as the eldest son of martial arts superstar Sammo Hung and Sammo's Korean first wife Jo Eun-ok (曹恩玉). ...

(; born 1974), Hong Kong actor, son of Sammo Hung * Kenneth Tin-Kin Hung (; born 1976), Hong Kong-born American new media artist *

Kit Hung Kit Hung (aka Wing Kit Hung or Hung Wing Kit, , is an independent filmmaker from Hong Kong. His films have won several international awards. He is most notable for his film ''Soundless Wind Chime'' (2009), which has won several awards, and was di ...

(; born 1977), Hong Kong filmmaker * Osman Hung (; born 1979), Hong Kong actor *

Amy Hung Amy Hung (; Wade-Giles: Hung Chih-Huei; born 7 March 1980) is a professional golfer on the LPGA Tour. Amateur wins *1992 Junior World Golf Championships (11-12 age group) *1993 Greg Norman Junior Masters *1994 Greg Norman Junior Masters *2003 R ...

(; born 1980), Taiwanese golfer * Shih-Ting Hung (; born 1980), Taiwanese film director *

Hung Tzu-yung Hung Tzu-yung (; born 20 December 1982) is a Taiwanese politician. Following the death of Hung Chung-chiu, her younger brother, in 2013, she joined the New Power Party upon its founding in 2015, and won election to the Legislative Yuan. Hung l ...

(; born 1982), Taiwanese New Power Party politician * Tony Hung (; born 1983), Hong Kong TVB actor and host * Emily Hung (; born 1987), Taiwanese actress *

Ken Hung Ken Hung Cheuk Lap is a Hong Kong cantopop singer. He started his career after earning a second place in the EEG Singing Contest (aka 25th annual New Talent Singing Awards Hong Kong Regional Finals). During 2007, he went to help in the office for ...

(; born 1987), Hong Kong Cantopop singer * Bruce Hung (; born 1990), Taiwanese actor * Hung Jui-chen (; born 1990), Taiwanese tennis player * Hung Shih-han (; born 1990), Taiwanese badminton player

Ang

Ang Hin Kee Ang Hin Kee ( zh, s=洪鼎基, poj=Âng Téng-ki, p=Hóng Dǐngjī; born 22 October 1965) is a Singaporean former politician. A former member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), Ang serves as a Member of Parliament (MP) of the Ang Mo K ...

(), Former Member of Parliament, Singapore *

Ang Kiukok Ang Kiukok (March 1, 1931 – May 9, 2005) was a Filipino painter of Chinese descent and was a National Artist for Visual Arts. Early life and training Ang was born on March 1, 1931, in Davao, Davao Province, Philippines to Vicente Ang and Chi ...

(), Filipino painter and national artist for Visual Arts. * Ang Mong Seng (), Former Member of Parliament, Singapore * Ang Wei Neng (), Former Member of Parliament, Singapore * Ang Saw Ean Belinda (), Judge of the Supreme Court, Singapore * Ang Ser Kian Joshua (), former Singaporean actor * Ang Ling Somaline (), Singaporean actress * Eric Ang * Ang Jun Heng (洪隽衡 hóng jùn héng), Singaporean robbery victim * Sunny Ang, Singaporean murderer

References

{{Reflist Chinese-language surnames Taiwanese culture Multiple Chinese surnames