High-output heart failure is a heart condition that occurs when the
cardiac output is higher than normal due to increased peripheral demand. There is a circulatory overload which may lead to pulmonary edema secondary to an elevated
diastolic pressure
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Most of this pressure results from the heart pumping blood through the circulatory system. When used without qualification, the term "blood pressure" r ...
in the
left ventricle
A ventricle is one of two large chambers toward the bottom of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs. The blood pumped by a ventricle is supplied by an atrium, an adjacent chamber in the uppe ...
. These individuals usually have a normal systolic function but symptoms are those of
heart failure. With time, this overload causes systolic failure. Ultimately
cardiac output can be reduced to very low levels.
It may occur in situations with an increased
blood volume, morbid obesity, from excess of water and salt (kidney pathology, excess of fluid or blood administration, treatment with retaining water steroids), chronic and severe
anemia
Anemia or anaemia (British English) is a blood disorder in which the blood has a reduced ability to carry oxygen due to a lower than normal number of red blood cells, or a reduction in the amount of hemoglobin. When anemia comes on slowly, t ...
, large
arteriovenous fistula
An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein. It may be congenital, surgically created for hemodialysis treatments, or acquired due to pathologic process, such as trauma or erosion of an arterial ...
or multiple small arteriovenous shunts as in
HHT or
Paget's disease of bone
Paget's disease of bone (commonly known as Paget's disease or, historically, osteitis deformans) is a condition involving cellular remodeling and deformity of one or more bones. The affected bones show signs of dysregulated bone remodeling at the ...
, some forms of severe liver or kidney disorders,
hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism is the condition that occurs due to excessive production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. Thyrotoxicosis is the condition that occurs due to excessive thyroid hormone of any cause and therefore includes hyperthyroidis ...
, and wet
beriberi
Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (Vitamin B1). A severe and chronic form is known as beriberi. The two main types in adults are wet beriberi and dry beriberi. Wet beriberi affects the cardiovascular system, ...
, and acutely in
septic shock, especially caused by
Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall ...
.
Causes of High-Output Heart Failure
Healthwise Staff of WebMD. Last updated: August 2010. Accessed 10/19/2012.
References
External links
{{Medical resources
, ICD10 = {{ICD10, I51.9
Heart diseases