In
Greek mythology
A major branch of classical mythology, Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the ancient Greeks, and a genre of Ancient Greek folklore. These stories concern the origin and nature of the world, the lives and activities of de ...
, Hesperia (
Ancient Greek: Ἑσπερια) or Hesperie, may refer to the following characters and places:
*
Hesperia, one of the
Hesperides
In Greek mythology, the Hesperides (; , ) are the nymphs of evening and golden light of sunsets, who were the "Daughters of the Evening" or "Nymphs of the West". They were also called the Atlantides () from their reputed father, the Titan Atlas ...
; in some versions, the daughter of
Hesperus
In Greek mythology, Hesperus (; grc, Ἕσπερος, Hésperos) is the Evening Star, the planet Venus in the evening. He is one of the '' Astra Planeta''. A son of the dawn goddess Eos (Roman Aurora), he is the half-brother of her other son, Ph ...
.
[
in ]
* Hesperia, also called
Asterope, the wife or desired lover of
Aesacus and daughter of the river
Cebren
Cebren was a Greek river-god,Aaron J. Atsma, "Cebren: River god of Troad in Anatolia", Theoi Project , http://www.theoi.com/Potamos/PotamosKebren.html whose river was located near Troy. He was the son of Oceanus and Tethys and he was the father ...
[ ]
* Hesperia as "western land" is the ancient Greek name of Italy, also used in Latin epic poetry,
in
gender
Gender is the range of characteristics pertaining to femininity and masculinity and differentiating between them. Depending on the context, this may include sex-based social structures (i.e. gender roles) and gender identity. Most cultures us ...
either a feminine noun or a neuter plural
adjective
In linguistics, an adjective ( abbreviated ) is a word that generally modifies a noun or noun phrase or describes its referent. Its semantic role is to change information given by the noun.
Traditionally, adjectives were considered one of the ma ...
used
substantively, spelt the same but with different
definite article
An article is any member of a class of dedicated words that are used with noun phrases to mark the identifiability of the referents of the noun phrases. The category of articles constitutes a part of speech.
In English, both "the" and "a(n)" a ...
s, and with the accent shifted from the
penult
Penult is a linguistics term for the second to last syllable of a word. It is an abbreviation of ''penultimate'', which describes the next-to-last item in a series. The penult follows the antepenult and precedes the ultima. For example, the main ...
to the
antepenult.
This becomes
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
''Hesperia'' or ''Hesperius'',
the latter not a distinct nominal form, but simply an adjective used substantively,
viz. Vergil's ''
Aeneid
The ''Aeneid'' ( ; la, Aenē̆is or ) is a Latin epic poem, written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who fled the fall of Troy and travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the ...
'' VI, 6
* Hesperia, the Iberian Peninsula and Northwest Africa, further to the west, used in both Ancient Greek and
Byzantine
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...
sources
Classic Literature Sources
Chronological listing of classical literature sources for Hesperia:
* Horace, ''Carminum'' 1. 36. 1 ff (trans. Bennett) (Roman lyric poetry C1st BC)
* Virgil, ''The Aeneid'' 1. 530 ff (trans. Hamilton Bryce) (Roman poetry C1st BC)
* Scholiast on Virgil, ''The Aeneid'' 1. 530 (The Works of Virgil trans. Hamilton Bryce 1894 p. 172)
* Virgil, ''The Aeneid'' 1. 569 ff (trans. Hamilton Bryce)
* Virgil, ''Aeneid'' 2. 780 ff (trans. Fairclough)
* Virgil, ''The Aeneid'' 3. 163 ff (trans. Hamilton Bryce)
* Virgil, ''The Aeneid'' 3. 185 ff
* Virgil, ''Aeneid'' 3. 503 ff (trans. Fairclough)
* Scholiast on Virgil, ''Aeneid'' 3. 503 (''Virgil'' trans. Fairclough 1938 Vol 1 p. 589)
* Virgil, ''The Aeneid'' 4. 272 ff (trans. Hamilton Bryce)
* Virgil, ''Aeneid'' 7. 1 ff (trans. Fairclough)
* Virgil, ''Aeneid'' 7. 41 ff
* Virgil, ''Aeneid'' 7. 540 ff
* Virgil, ''The Aeneid'' 8. 148 ff (trans. Hamilton Bryce)
* Virgil, ''Aeneid'' 12. 360 ff (trans. Fairclough)
* Propertius, ''Elegies'', 4. 1a. 86 ff (trans. Butler) (Latin poetry C1st BC)
* Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 11. 760-795 (end) (trans. Miller) (Roman epic poetry C1st BC to C1st AD)
* Seneca, ''Medea'' 725 ff (trans. Miller) (Roman tragedy C1st AD
* Seneca, ''Hippolytus'' 568 ff (trans. Miller) (Roman tragedy C1st AD
* Statius, ''Thebaid'' 10. 1 (trans. Mozley) (Roman epic poetry C1st AD)
* Petronius, ''Satyricon'' 154 ff (trans. Heseltine) (Roman satire C1st AD)
* Silius, ''Punica'' 4. 815 ff (trans. Duff) (Roman epic poetry C1st AD)
* Silius, ''Punica'' 17. 219 ff
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 1. 29 (trans. Riley) (Roman poetry C1st AD)
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 1. 224
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 1. 404
* Scholiast on Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 1. 404 (''The Pharsalia of Lucan'' trans. Riley 1853 p. 24)
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 1. 505
* Scholiast on Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 1. 505 (''The Pharsalia of Lucan'' trans. Riley 1853 p. 35)
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 2. 293
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 2. 410
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 2. 433
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 2. 441
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 2. 534
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 2. 608
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 2. 614
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 2. 734
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 3. 66
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 5. 38
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 5. 266
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 5. 329
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 5. 534
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 5. 691
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 5. 703
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 6. 322
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 7. 403
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 7. 871
* Scholiast on Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 7. 871 (''The Pharsalia of Lucan'' trans. Riley 1853 p. 292)
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 8. 189
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 8. 285
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 8. 351
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 8. 768
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 8. 826
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 10. 62
* Scholiast on Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 10. 62 (''The Pharsalia of Lucan'' trans. Riley 1853 p. 387)
* Lucan, ''Pharsalia'' 10. 450
* Pseudo-Apollodorus, ''The Library'' 2. 5. 11 ff (trans. Frazer) (Greek mythography C2nd AD)
* Servius, ''Servii Grammatici In Vergilii Aeneidos'' 1. 530 (trans. Thilo & Hagen) (Greek commentary C4th AD to 5th AD)
* Servius, ''Servii Grammatici In Vergilii Aeneidos'' 2. 780
* Servius, ''Servii Grammatici In Vergilii Aeneidos'' 3. 501. 15 ff
* Servius, ''Servii Grammatici In Vergilii Aeneidos'' 4. 36
* Servius, ''Servii Grammatici In Vergilii Aeneidos'' 7. 3
* Servius, ''Servii Grammatici In Vergilii Aeneidos'' 8. 328
See also
Notes
References
*
Apollodorus, ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4
Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.Greek text available from the same website
* Publius Ovidius Naso, ''Metamorphoses
The ''Metamorphoses'' ( la, Metamorphōsēs, from grc, μεταμορφώσεις: "Transformations") is a Latin narrative poem from 8 CE by the Roman poet Ovid. It is considered his ''magnum opus''. The poem chronicles the history of the w ...
'' translated by Brookes More (1859-1942). Boston, Cornhill Publishing Co. 1922
Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Publius Ovidius Naso, ''Metamorphoses.'' Hugo Magnus. Gotha (Germany). Friedr. Andr. Perthes. 1892
Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library
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