Henry XIV, Duke of Bavaria (29 September 1305 – 1 September 1339), was Duke of
Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria (german: Niederbayern, Bavarian: ''Niedabayern'') is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state.
Geography
Lower Bavaria is subdivided into two regions () – Landshut and Donau-W ...
(also called Henry II).
Family
Henry was born in
Landshut
Landshut (; bar, Landshuad) is a town in Bavaria in the south-east of Germany. Situated on the banks of the River Isar, Landshut is the capital of Lower Bavaria, one of the seven administrative regions of the Free State of Bavaria. It is also t ...
, a son of
Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria, and Jutta of
Schweidnitz.
His maternal grandparents were
Bolko I, Duke of Jawor and Åšwidnica and
Beatrice of Brandenburg
Beatrice of Brandenburg ( pl, Beatrycze brandenburska, german: Beatrix von Brandenburg; c. 1270 – before 26 April 1316), was a German princess and a member of the House of Ascania in the Brandenburg branch. By her two marriages she was Duchess ...
.
Bolko was a son of
Bolesław II the Bald Boleslav or Bolesław may refer to:
In people:
* Boleslaw (given name)
In geography:
* Bolesław, Dąbrowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland
* Bolesław, Olkusz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland
* Bolesław, Silesian Voivodeship, ...
and his first wife Hedwig of
Anhalt
Saxony-Anhalt (german: Sachsen-Anhalt ; nds, Sassen-Anholt) is a state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony, Thuringia and Lower Saxony. It covers an area of
and has a population of 2.18 million inhabitants, making it the ...
. Beatrix was a daughter of
Otto V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel
Margrave Otto V of Brandenburg-Salzwedel ( 1246 – 1298), nicknamed ''Otto the Tall'', was a son of Margrave Otto III and co-ruler of Brandenburg with his cousin, Margrave Otto IV.
Otto V spent many years in Prague, at the court of his maternal u ...
and Jutta of Hennenberg.
Biography
After the death of his father he became duke of Lower Bavaria together with his brother
Otto IV under the tutelage of
Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Louis IV (german: Ludwig; 1 April 1282 – 11 October 1347), called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was King of the Romans from 1314, King of Italy from 1327, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.
Louis' election as king of Germany in ...
. Henry supported Louis against
Frederick I and became a candidate for the German crown when Louis considered temporarily his resignation in 1333.
Conflicts with his brother Otto IV (d. 1334) and his cousin
Henry XV, Duke of Bavaria Henry XV, duke of Bavaria, as duke of Lower Bavaria also called Henry III, (28 August 1312 – 18 June 1333 in Natternberg near Deggendorf).
Biography
Henry was a son of Otto III, Duke of Bavaria and Agnes Glowgow (born 1293-96 – died 25 Decem ...
on the partition of their lands worsened the relationship between the emperor and Henry XIV, who allied with his father-in-law
John I of Bohemia. Notwithstanding this, Henry joined John, with large retinues, to crusade with the
Teutonic Order
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, commonly known as the Teutonic Order, is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was formed to aid Christians on ...
in Prussia in the winter of 1337.
[Urban, William, ''The Teutonic Knights'', London & Pennsylvania, 2003, p. 133, ] Some months after the reconciliation with Louis IV in February 1339 Henry died from
leprosy
Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacteria ''Mycobacterium leprae'' or ''Mycobacterium lepromatosis''. Infection can lead to damage of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes. This nerve damag ...
and was succeeded by his son
John I, Duke of Bavaria.
Marriage
On 12 August 1328, Henry married
Margaret of Bohemia. She was a daughter of
John I of Bohemia and
Elisabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330) Elisabeth (or Elizabeth) of Bohemia may refer to:
*Elisabeth Richeza of Poland (1286–1335), daughter of Przemysl II of Poland and wife of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia.
*Elisabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330), daughter of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and wif ...
. They had two children:
*
John I, Duke of Bavaria (29 November 1329 – 20 December 1340)
* Henry of Wittelsbach (1330). Died within the year of his birth.
An illegitimate son named Eberhard is also mentioned in genealogies. Nothing is known of his mother and later life.
References
Sources
*
External links
*
*
A pedigree of him
{{DEFAULTSORT:Henry XIV, Duke of Bavaria
1305 births
1339 deaths
14th-century dukes of Bavaria
House of Wittelsbach
Medieval child rulers
Deaths from leprosy