Hejian Commandery
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Hejian Kingdom, also translated as Hejian Principality ( zh, 河閒國), was a kingdom in early Imperial China, located in present-day southern
Hebei Hebei or , (; alternately Hopeh) is a northern province of China. Hebei is China's sixth most populous province, with over 75 million people. Shijiazhuang is the capital city. The province is 96% Han Chinese, 3% Manchu, 0.8% Hui, and 0 ...
province.


History

In early
Han dynasty The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and a warr ...
, Hejian was part of the Zhao Kingdom. The kingdom was created in 178 BC when it was granted to Liu Piqiang (劉辟彊), son of
Liu You Liu You (, died 21 February 181 BC''dingchou'' day of the ''zheng'' month of the 7th year of Empress Lü's regency (after Emperor Hui's death), per vol.13 of ''Zizhi Tongjian'') was the sixth son of Emperor Gaozu of Han. He was made Prince of Huaiya ...
, King You of Zhao (趙幽王) and brother of
Liu Sui Liu Sui (; died 154 BC) was the son of Liu You. When Emperor Wen of Han ascended to the throne in 180 BC, Sui was made the Prince of Zhao in place of Lü Lu while other relatives were given other principalities to rule at the end of Lü Clan Dist ...
, King of Zhao. After Piqiang's death, the territory passed to his son Liu Fu (劉福). Fu died without an heir and the kingdom was dissolved. In 155 BC, Emperor Jing granted the title King of Hejian to Liu De (劉德), his third son. De's descendants held the title to the end of Western Han dynasty.''
Book of Han The ''Book of Han'' or ''History of the Former Han'' (Qián Hàn Shū,《前汉书》) is a history of China finished in 111AD, covering the Western, or Former Han dynasty from the first emperor in 206 BCE to the fall of Wang Mang in 23 CE. ...
'', Chapter 14.
The kingdom was briefly restored under Emperor Guangwu's reign. In 90 AD, Emperor Zhang reestablished Hejian on the territories of Lecheng, Bohai and
Zhuo Zhuo () is the Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written in Chinese character. It is romanized Cho in Wade–Giles, Cheuk or Cherk or Chak in Cantonese, and Toh or Tok in Teochew and Hokkien. Zhuo is listed 277th in the Song d ...
commanderies. Liu Kai (劉開), the sixth son of the emperor, became the King of Hejian. Kai's lineage held Hejian until the foundation of
Cao Wei Wei ( Hanzi: 魏; pinyin: ''Wèi'' < Middle Chinese: *''ŋjweiC'' <
Emperor Huan and his successors all came from this branch of the imperial family. Hejian became a commandery under Wei. In early
Western Jin dynasty Western may refer to: Places *Western, Nebraska, a village in the US *Western, New York, a town in the US * Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western world, countries that i ...
, Hejian became the fief of
Sima Yong Sima Yong (司馬顒) (before 274 - late January 307), courtesy name Wenzai (文載), was a Jin dynasty imperial prince and briefly a regent for Emperor Hui. He was the seventh of eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Pr ...
, brother of Sima Yi. In 140 AD, the kingdom administered 11 counties, namely Lecheng (樂成), Gonggao (弓高), Yi (易), Wuyuan (武垣), Zhongshui (中水), Mao (鄚), Gaoyang (高陽), Wen'an (文安), Shuzhou (束州), Chengping (成平) and Dongpingshu (東平舒). The total population was 634,421, or 93,754 households.'' Book of Later Han'', Chapter 111.


Kings under the Han dynasty

*Liu Piqiang (劉辟疆), King Wen of Hejian (河閒文王), 178–165 BC; *Liu Fu (劉福), King Ai of Hejian (河閒哀王), 165–164 BC; *Liu De (劉德), King Xian of Hejian (河閒獻王), 155–129 BC; *Liu Buzhou (劉不周), King Gong of Hejian (河閒共王), 129–125 BC; *Liu Ji (劉基), King Gang of Hejian (河閒剛王), 125–113 BC; *Liu Huan (劉緩), King Qing of Hejian (河閒頃王), 113–97 BC; *Liu Qing (劉慶), King Xiao of Hejian (河閒孝王), 97–54 BC; *Liu Yuan (劉元), 54–37 BC; *Liu Liang (劉良), King Hui of Hejian (河閒惠王), 32–5 BC; *Liu Shang (劉尚), 5 BC – 9 AD; *Liu Shao (劉劭), 32–37; *Liu Kai (劉開), King Xiao of Hejian (河閒孝王), 90–132; *Liu Zheng (劉政), King Hui of Hejian (河閒惠王), 132–142; *Liu Jian (劉建), King Zhen of Hejian (河閒貞王), 142–152; *Liu Li (劉利), King An of Hejian (河閒安王), 152–180; *Liu Gai (劉陔), 180–221.


References

{{Han dynasty provinces Kingdoms of the Han dynasty