He Shuheng (; 7 May 1876 – 24 February 1935) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, born in

Ningxiang Ningxiang () is a county-level city and the 2nd most populous county-level division in the Province of Hunan, China; it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Changsha. The city is bordered to the north by Heshan Distric ...

Hunan Hunan (, ; ) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, part of the South Central China region. Located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze watershed, it borders the province-level divisions of Hubei to the north, Jiangxi to ...

province.

Biography

In 1914, He made acquaintance with

Mao Zedong Mao Zedong pronounced ; also romanised traditionally as Mao Tse-tung. (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC) ...

while at

Hunan Normal University Hunan Normal University (), founded in 1938, is a public university in Changsha, Hunan Province. The university is the 211 Project university, one of the country's 100 national key universities in the 21st century that enjoy priority in obtain ...

, and the two would eventually become close friends. In April, 1918, He and Mao founded the Xinmin Society. In 1920, the two friends also launched the Russian Study Institute. In July, 1921, He and Mao traveled to Shanghai to attended the 1st National Congress of the Communist Party of China, as representatives of Changsha. After the congress, He became a member of the CPC's Hunan committee. During the first cooperation between the

Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Tai ...

(KMT) and the CPC, He was a member of the KMT's executive committee and the supervision committee of the KMT's local party in Hunan. In 1927, He went to Shanghai. After the

April 12 Incident The Shanghai massacre of 12 April 1927, the April 12 Purge or the April 12 Incident as it is commonly known in China, was the violent suppression of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organizations and leftist elements in Shanghai by forces supportin ...

, He secretly established a print factory for the CPC in Changsha. In April 1928, He went to Russia to attend the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. He then entered

Moscow Sun Yat-sen University Moscow Sun Yat-sen University, officially the Sun Yat-sen Communist University of the Toilers of China, was a Comintern school, which operated from 1925–1930 in the city of Moscow, Russia, then the Soviet Union. It was a training camp fo ...

, where his classmates included fellow party members

Xu Teli Xu Teli (; February 1, 1877 – November 28, 1968) was a politician of the People's Republic of China. Xu was the teacher of Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen, Xiao Zisheng, and Tian Han. Xu was a member of the 7th Central Committee of the Chinese Commun ...

Wu Yuzhang Wu Yuzhang (; given name Yongshan (); December 30, 1878 – December 12, 1966) was a Chinese politician, educator, and president of Renmin University of China from 1950 to 1966. Biography Wu Yuzhang was born in Rong County, Sichuan in 1878. ...

Dong Biwu Dong Biwu (; 5 March 1886 – 2 April 1975) was a Chinese communist revolutionary and politician, who served as acting Chairman of the People's Republic of China between 1972 and 1975. Early life Dong Biwu was born in Huanggang, Hubei to ...

, and

Lin Boqu Lin Boqu (; Pinyin: ''Lín Bóqú''; Wade-Giles: ''Lin Po-ch'u''; March 20, 1886 – May 29, 1960) was a Chinese politician and poet. An early supporter of Sun Yat-sen and member of the Tongmenghui, as well as a later participant in the Nan ...

. In July 1930, He went back to China, and took charge of the National Huji Institute and organized the rescue and transfer to safe places of arrested communists. In the fall of 1931, He was elected to key posts in the

Jiangxi Soviet Jiangxi (; ; formerly romanized as Kiangsi or Chianghsi) is a landlocked province in the east of the People's Republic of China. Its major cities include Nanchang and Jiujiang. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north into h ...

. Instead of taking part in the

Long March The Long March (, lit. ''Long Expedition'') was a military retreat undertaken by the Chinese Red Army, Red Army of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the National Revolut ...

, however, He chose to stay behind in the south and engage in guerilla fighting. On February 24, 1935, He was surrounded and killed by Kuomintang troops in Changting, Fujian.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:He, Shuheng 1876 births 1935 deaths Chinese communists Chinese revolutionaries Chinese Communist Party politicians from Hunan Hunan First Normal University alumni Moscow Sun Yat-sen University alumni People from Ningxiang Politicians from Changsha Republic of China politicians from Hunan