Hazelton (sternwheeler)

''Hazelton'' was a sternwheeler that worked on the Skeena River in British Columbia, Canada from 1901 until 1912. Her first owner was Robert Cunningham who ran a freighting business that served the communities along the Skeena River.

''Hazelton'' was named after one of the communities she served, Hazelton, which was one of the oldest towns in Northern British Columbia, having been founded in 1866 and was the main staging area for the Omineca Gold Rush.

Robert Cunningham had ''Hazelton'' built to run against the sternwheelers of the Hudson's Bay Company, ''Caledonia'' and ''Strathcona''. To design and pilot her, Cunningham hired veteran white-water skipper John Bonser, who went down to Victoria in the winter of 1900 to help in the details of her design and construction.

The rivalry begins

''Hazelton'' was launched in 1901 and soon proved that she was superior to the rival HBC vessels. In her first season, she made 13 trips to Hazelton, setting a new speed record by completing the 180-mile journey upstream from Port Essington to Hazelton in just forty hours. The trip back downstream was, of course, swifter yet and ''Hazelton'' routinely traveled it in ten hours. To compete against the ''Hazelton'' the HBC built another sternwheeler for the Port Essington-to-Hazelton route, the ''Mount Royal'' and launched her in 1902 under Captain SB Johnson.

Sternwheeler race on the Skeena

When HBC's ''Mount Royal'' arrived on the Skeena, rivalry flared between her and ''Hazelton'' almost immediately, with each captain trying to beat the other's times to Hazelton and back. The standing order from both Cunningham and the HBC was "beat the other boat." Inevitably, this led to a side-by-side race, an old but dangerous tradition among sternwheelers.

In the spring of 1904, both boats wanted to be the first one of the season to arrive in Hazelton. Captain Bonser started out in ''Hazelton'' first, and while he was wooding-up 105 miles upstream, he saw ''Mount Royal'' with Captain Johnson at the helm coming up from behind. Wooding-up was immediately ceased and ''Hazelton'' pulled into the stream as ''Mount Royal'' approached and they raced bow to bow. Slowly ''Mount Royal'' gained on ''Hazelton''. Captain Bonser was having none of it and he rammed ''Mount Royal'' several times. Johnson lost control and the current carried her back downstream, bow first. Bonser wagged ''Hazelton’s'' stern at ''Mount Royal'', tooted the whistle and continued triumphantly upstream. Furious, Johnson left the pilothouse unattended to retrieve a rifle and shot at the departing ''Hazelton''. Afterwards, Johnson laid charges on Bonser claiming he deliberately rammed ''Mount Royal''. Bonser claimed in his defense that it was an accident.
The Federal Department of Marine investigated and decided that both captains were at fault, Bonser for ramming ''Mount Royal'', and Johnson for leaving the helm. The men were reprimanded and the case was closed.

The HBC and Robert Cunningham came to a mutual decision that the rivalry was not profitable and an agreement was reached to end it. The HBC paid Robert Cunningham $2,500 to tie up his vessel and they hauled his freight for free. Later, the HBC bought ''Hazelton''.

End of an era

''Hazelton'' would later come under the command of Captain Joseph Bucey and would work on the Skeena until 1912 when the construction of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway was completed from Prince Rupert to Hazelton. Because the railway could now bring freight and passengers from the coast the sternwheelers were no longer required for the Skeena River and one by one they disappeared. Some like the ''Skeena'' and the Grand Trunk Pacific's ''Operator'' and ''Conveyor'' would go to work on other rivers, while others like ''Inlander'' would be pulled up on ways and left to rot. ''Hazelton'' was dismantled and her hull was sold to the Prince Rupert Yacht Club.

References and further reading

*
*
*

See also

* Steamboats of the Skeena River
* List of ships in British Columbia

Notes

External links

*
{{Steamboats British Columbia

Paddle steamers of British Columbia
1901 ships
Hudson's Bay Company ships
Steamboats of the Skeena River