was a Japanese

painter Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ...

, one of the last to paint in the style of the

Kanō school The is one of the most famous schools of Japanese painting. The Kanō school of painting was the dominant style of painting from the late 15th century until the Meiji period which began in 1868, by which time the school had divided into many ...

. He was one of the first five painters to be appointed as an

Imperial Household Artist An was an artist who was officially appointed by the Imperial Household Agency of Japan to create works of art for the Tokyo Imperial Palace and other imperial residences. History The system came into being during the Meiji period in 1890 and ...

and was one of the most authoritative painters in Japan at that time.Kotobank, Hashimoto Gahō.

The Asahi Shimbun is one of the four largest newspapers in Japan. Founded in 1879, it is also one of the oldest newspapers in Japan and Asia, and is considered a newspaper of record for Japan. Its circulation, which was 4.57 million for its morning edition and ...

Biography

Born in

Edo Edo ( ja, , , "bay-entrance" or "estuary"), also romanized as Jedo, Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of Tokyo. Edo, formerly a ''jōkamachi'' (castle town) centered on Edo Castle located in Musashi Province, became the ''de facto'' capital of ...

, he studied painting under Kanō Shōsen'in, and was influenced as well by the work of

Kanō Hōgai Kanō Hōgai (狩野芳崖, February 27, 1828 – October 5, 1888) was a Japanese painter of the Kanō school. Life The son of the local daimyō's chief painter, he was sent at the age of 18 to Edo to study painting formally. He stayed there fo ...

. He created many works in the traditional style of the Kanō school, using color & gold, or otherwise monochrome black ink. But while his paintings are very much the works of a traditionalist, using traditional methods and depicting traditional subjects, Gahō, like Kanō Hōgai, incorporated elements of Western art as well. Brush-strokes, various types of detailing, and in particular, attempts at the proper depiction of perspective are evident in Gahō's paintings and in many others of this period. He opened his own studio in 1860, but the political and economic upheavals surrounding the

Meiji Restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were ...

forced Gahō to seek income in other ways than by selling fine art. He produced maps for the Naval Academy, painted on fans, and used his skills in a number of other ways to earn a living. Gahō was invited in 1884, by

Okakura Kakuzō (also known as 岡倉天心 Okakura Tenshin) was a Japanese scholar and art critic who in the era of Meiji- Restoration reform defended traditional forms, customs and beliefs. Outside Japan, he is chiefly renowned for '' The Book of Tea: A Jap ...

, to become the chief professor of painting at the ''Tōkyō Bijutsu Gakkō'' (東京美術学校, now the Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music) which would open five years later. In 1898, Gahō joined Okakura in leaving the Bijutsu Gakkō, and founding the Japan Fine Arts Academy (日本美術院, ''Nihon Bijutsuin''). He would teach there until his death in 1908. As a result of his position as chief painting professor, Gahō had a number of important pupils, including

Yokoyama Taikan was the art-name of a major figure in pre-World War II Japanese painting. He is notable for helping create the Japanese painting technique of ''Nihonga''. Early life Yokoyama was born in Mito city, Ibaraki Prefecture, as the eldest son of S ...

and

Kawai Gyokudō was the pseudonym of a Japanese painter in the nihonga school, active from Meiji through Shōwa period Japan. His real name was Kawai Yoshisaburō. Biography Gyokudō was born in what is now Ichinomiya city, Aichi Prefecture, as the eldest ...

Works

Ryūko-zu Byōbu by Hashimoto Gahō(Part of the tiger).jpg, Folding screen ''Dragon and tiger'' (竜虎図) left side, 1895. Important Cultural Property.

Seikadō Bunko Art Museum is a museum of East Asian art in Setagaya, Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and List of cities in Japan, largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its met ...

Ryūko-zu Byōbu by Hashimoto Gahō(Part of the dragon).jpg, Folding screen ''Dragon and tiger'' right side, 1895. Important Cultural Property. Seikadō Bunko Art Museum Hashimoto Gaho 001.jpg, ''Dragon against tiger''. Colour on silk, 1899. Museum of the Imperial Collections

References

* Baekeland, Freddy (1885). "Hashimoto Gahō." Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Kodansha Ltd.

External links

Hashimoto Gahō Japanese painter / Encyclopedia Britannica

§ No. 5 HASHIMOTO Gaho, an artist retained by the Kawagoe Domain at the end of the Edo Period, who created a new style of Japanese painting with OKAKURA Tenshin in the Meiji Period
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hashimoto, Gaho 1835 births 1908 deaths 19th-century Japanese people 20th-century Japanese people 19th-century Japanese artists 20th-century painters 19th-century Japanese painters 20th-century Japanese painters Imperial household artists Kanō school Artists from Tokyo Metropolis