Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban

''Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban'' is a fantasy novel written by British author J. K. Rowling and is the third in the ''Harry Potter'' series. The book follows Harry Potter, a young wizard, in his third year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Along with friends Ronald Weasley and Hermione Granger, Harry investigates Sirius Black, an escaped prisoner from Azkaban, the wizard prison, believed to be one of Lord Voldemort's old allies.

The book was published in the United Kingdom on 8 July 1999 by Bloomsbury and in the United States on 8 September 1999 by Scholastic, Inc. Rowling found the book easy to write, finishing it just a year after she began writing it. The book sold 68,000 copies in just three days after its release in the United Kingdom and since has sold over three million in the country. The book won the 1999 Whitbread Children's Book Award, the Bram Stoker Award, and the 2000 Locus Award for Best Fantasy Novel and was short-listed for other awards, including the Hugo.

The film adaptation of the novel was released in 2004, grossing more than $796 million and earning critical acclaim. Video games loosely based on ''Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban'' were also released for several platforms, and most obtained favourable reviews.

Plot

Thirteen-year-old Harry Potter spends another unhappy summer at the Dursleys. After Aunt Marge insults Harry and his deceased parents, an angry Harry accidentally inflates her. Fearing expulsion from Hogwarts, he runs away. The Knight Bus, a vehicle that rescues stranded wizards, suddenly arrives. Harry encounters the Minister of Magic, Cornelius Fudge, at the Leaky Cauldron in Diagon Alley, where Fudge asks Harry to remain until school starts. Harry reunites with best friends, Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger. Ron's father warns Harry about the wizard Sirius Black, a convicted murderer who escaped Azkaban and is believed to be hunting down Harry.

Dementors, the hideous guards of Azkaban, board the Hogwarts Express. As one approaches, Harry faints after reliving his parents' deaths. The new Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher, Remus Lupin, wards the creature off with a Patronus charm. At Hogwarts, Professor Albus Dumbledore announces that dementors are there to hunt Black. In Divination class, Professor Sybill Trelawney says the dog-shaped form in Harry's tea leaves is the Grim, a spectral death omen. During a Quidditch match, Harry spots a black dog near the pitch, then faints and falls off his broomstick when dementors approach. Harry is uninjured but the Whomping Willow destroys his broom. Afterwards, Professor Lupin teaches Harry the Patronus charm to repel dementors.

Fred and George Weasley give Harry their Marauder's Map, a magical document created by four former Hogwarts students known as "Moony", "Padfoot", "Wormtail", and "Prongs". The map shows every person at Hogwarts and seven secret tunnels. Harry, who lacks guardian permission for school outings, uses it to sneak into Hogsmeade, where he discovers that Sirius Black, his godfather, betrayed his parents to Voldemort and killed their friend Peter Pettigrew. Black manages to break into Hogwarts twice, though Harry is unharmed.

Ron accuses Hermione's cat, Crookshanks, of killing his missing pet rat, Scabbers, straining their friendship. When Harry receives an expensive Firebolt broomstick as an anonymous gift, Hermione gets it confiscated for testing, fearing Black sent it. Ron and Harry are furious at Hermione, who is already stressed after having taken too many classes. Meanwhile, the Ministry of Magic has ordered Hagrid's hippogriff, Buckbeak, to be executed for injuring Draco Malfoy, who deliberately provoked the animal. Harry, Ron, and Hermione visit Hagrid prior to Buckbeak's execution and seemingly hear the event as they exit Hagrid's hut. While there, Hermione discovers Scabbers, who is chased by Ron.

The black dog appears and drags Ron into a tunnel under the Whomping Willow. Harry and Hermione pursue them and end up into the haunted Shrieking Shack. The dog reveals himself to be Sirius Black, an unregistered animagus. Lupin unexpectedly enters. He saw Pettigrew's name on the Marauder's Map and realised that he betrayed the Potters. Hermione claims Lupin is a werewolf, which he admits. As students, Lupin (Moony), Black (Padfoot), Pettigrew (Wormtail), and Harry's father, James Potter (Prongs), created the Marauder's Map. The latter three secretly became animagi to tame Lupin during his werewolf transformations. Scabbers is Pettigrew in his rat form. He is Voldemort's servant and faked his death, framing Black. Black escaped Azkaban after discovering Pettigrew was alive.

Professor Severus Snape arrives to apprehend Black, but Harry, Ron, and Hermione simultaneously stun him unconscious. Lupin and Black are about to execute Pettigrew, but Harry instead wants him sent to Azkaban. As the full moon rises, Lupin transforms into a werewolf. He has forgotten his Wolfsbane potion, which allows werewolves to remain sane during transformations. Black, in his dog form, fights him off. Pettigrew escapes as dementors descend upon Harry and Black. A distant figure casts a powerful Patronus, scattering the dementors, but Black is captured.

Dumbledore instructs Harry and Hermione to save him and Buckbeak by going back in time with Hermione's Time-Turner, a Ministry device she has been using to attend multiple classes simultaneously. They rescue Buckbeak and save their earlier selves from the dementors by casting the Patronus. Harry and Hermione release Black, who escapes on Buckbeak.

Snape, enraged over Black's escape, intentionally lets slip that Lupin is a werewolf, forcing his resignation. Black writes Harry saying he sent the Firebolt and, as his legal guardian, gives Harry permission for school excursions.

Publication and reception

Pre-release history

''Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban'' is the third book in the ''Harry Potter'' series. The first, ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', was published by Bloomsbury on 26 June 1997 and the second, ''Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets'', was published on 2 July 1998. Rowling started to write the ''Prisoner of Azkaban'' the day after she finished ''The Chamber of Secrets''. Rowling said in 2004 that ''Prisoner of Azkaban'' was "the best writing experience I ever had...I was in a very comfortable place writing (number) three. Immediate financial worries were over, and press attention wasn't yet by any means excessive".

Critical reception

Gregory Maguire wrote a review in ''The New York Times'' for ''Prisoner of Azkaban'': in it he said, "So far, in terms of plot, the books do nothing new, but they do it brilliantly...so far, so good." In a newspaper review in ''The New York Times'', it was said that "'The Prisoner of Azkaban' may be the best 'Harry Potter' book yet". A reviewer for KidsReads said, "This crisply-paced fantasy will leave you hungry for the four additional Harry books that J.K. Rowling is working on. Harry's third year is a charm. Don't miss it." ''Kirkus Reviews'' did not give a starred review but said, "a properly pulse-pounding climax...The main characters and the continuing story both come along so smartly...that the book seems shorter than its page count: have readers clear their calendars if they are fans, or get out of the way if they are not." Martha V. Parravano also gave a positive review for ''The Horn Book Magazine'', calling it "quite a good book." In addition, a ''Publishers Weekly'' review said, "Rowling's wit never flags, whether constructing the workings of the wizard world...or tossing off quick jokes...The Potter spell is holding strong".

However, Anthony Holden, who was one of the judges against ''Prisoner of Azkaban'' for the Whitbread Award, was negative about the book, saying that the characters are "all black-and-white", and the "story-lines are predictable, the suspense minimal, the sentimentality cloying every page".

In 2012 it was ranked number 12 on a list of the top 100 children's novels published by ''School Library Journal''.

Awards

''Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban'' won several awards, including the 1999 Booklist Editors' Choice Award, the 1999 Bram Stoker Award for Best Work for Young Readers, the 1999 FCBG Children's Book Award, the 1999 Whitbread Book of the Year for children's books, and the 2000 Locus Award for Best Fantasy Novel. It was also nominated for the 2000 Hugo Award for Best Novel, the first in the series nominated, but lost to ''A Deepness in the Sky''. ''Prisoner of Azkaban'' additionally won the 2004 Indian Paintbrush Book Award and the 2004 Colorado Blue Spruce Young Adult Book Award. Additionally, it was named an American Library Association Notable Children's Book in 2000 as well as one of their Best Books for Young Adults. As with the previous two books in the series, ''Prisoner of Azkaban'' won the Nestlé Smarties Book Prize Gold Medal for children aged 9–11 and made the top of the New York Times Best Seller list. In both cases, it was the last in the series to do so. However, in the latter case, a Children's Best Sellers list was created just before the release of ''Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire'' in July 2000 in order to free up more room on the original list. In 2003, the novel was listed at number 24 on the BBC
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