HMS Winchester (1822)

HMS ''Winchester'' was a 60-gun sailing frigate of the Royal Navy. She was laid down in 1816 at Woolwich Dockyard, and launched on 21 June 1822. Although designed for 60 guns, she and the rest of the class carried 52 guns. From 1831 to 1861 she served in North America and Southeast Asia. In 1861 she became the training ship ''Conway'' at Liverpool, and from 1876 she was the training ship ''Mount Edgcumbe''. She was sold in 1921.

Operational service

Flagship in North America, Cape of Good Hope and the East Indies

Although ordered in 1816 and laid down in 1818, ''Winchester'' was not launched until 21 June 1822, and commissioned on 16 September later that year.

In October 1829 Captain Charles Austen, brother of the novelist Jane Austen, took command in Bermuda where ''Winchester'' was the flagship on the North America and West Indies Station.

In 1832 Lord Willeam Paget commanded her until June 1833 when she was paid off.

Between 1834 and 1838 she was on the East Indies station and under the command of Captain E. Sparshott.

From 1842 she served as the flagship on the Cape of Good Hope Station, under the command of Captain Charles Eden.

In 1852 Captain Granville Gower Loch commissioned ''Winchester'' to relieve as flagship in China and the East Indies. During 1852 and 1853 she took part in military operations on coast of Burma during the Second Burmese War. Shortly after arriving at Rangoon Rear-Admiral Charles Austen died; Commodore George Lambert was off the coast, and the command on the Irrawaddy River devolved on Loch. The subsequent action resolved itself into keeping the river clear and driving the Burmese out of such positions as they occupied on its banks.

Rear Admiral Fleetwood Pellew raised his flag aboard ''Winchester'' in April 1853, and by September 1854 he was off Hong Kong to take command of the East Indies and China Station. Here he seems to have decided that he would not allow shore leave until the dangerous season for fevers and infections had passed, but neglected to make his reasoning known to his men. The crew were apparently in a mutinous mood, so Pellew ordered them to beat to quarters. When they refused, he sent the officers onto the lower deck to force them up at sword point. Several of the crew were wounded and the nascent mutiny was quashed.

From 11 May 1854 ''Winchester'' was the flagship of Rear Admiral Sir James Stirling. Shortly afterwards news arrived that war had been declared on Russia. Stirling was anxious to prevent Russian ships from sheltering in Japanese ports and menacing allied shipping and led a squadron of four vessels to Nagasaki where he concluded the Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty with representatives of the Tokugawa shogunate. ''Winchester'' subsequently was involved in the Second Opium War, when her boats and some of her ship's company were used in the attack on Canton.

Discovery of Russian coast

In August 1855, during the Crimean War, ''Winchester'' and entered and first charted the waters of Peter the Great Gulf, while searching for the Russian squadron commanded by Vasily Zavoyko

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