Hậu Lý Nam Đế (, born Lý Phật Tử (), c. 518 – 602) was the last king of the
Early Lý dynasty
The Early Lý dynasty ( vi, nhà Tiền Lý; Hán Nôm: ), also called the Former Lý dynasty or Anterior Lý dynasty, was a dynasty which ruled Vietnam from AD 544 to 602. Its founder Lý Bí assumed the title of "Southern Emperor" ('). ...
, founded by his cousin
Lý Nam Đế
Lý Nam Đế ( chữ Hán: 李南帝, 503 – 13 April 548), personal name Lý Bí or Lý Bôn (李賁), was the founder of the Early Lý dynasty of Vietnam, ruling from 544 to 548.
Overview
Lý Bôn (李賁, sometimes read as Lý Bí) was a lo ...
. He reigned in
Vạn Xuân (present-day north Vietnam) from 571 to 602.
Clash with Triệu Việt Vương
Phật Tử was a cousin of
Lý Nam Đế
Lý Nam Đế ( chữ Hán: 李南帝, 503 – 13 April 548), personal name Lý Bí or Lý Bôn (李賁), was the founder of the Early Lý dynasty of Vietnam, ruling from 544 to 548.
Overview
Lý Bôn (李賁, sometimes read as Lý Bí) was a lo ...
, who was stated to be of localized Chinese descent. Additionally, according to historian Catherine Churchman, Phật Tử was referred as a ''Lĭ'' (俚) man,
['' Suishu'', vol. 53 text: "仁壽中,會交州俚人李佛子作亂"; translation: "In the middle of the Renshou era, ]his
His or HIS may refer to:
Computing
* Hightech Information System, a Hong Kong graphics card company
* Honeywell Information Systems
* Hybrid intelligent system
* Microsoft Host Integration Server
Education
* Hangzhou International School, in ...
happened n Jiaozhou, a Lĭ man amedLĭ Fózĭ revolted" which means Lý Phật Tử might be a leader of
Tai-speakers, who historically inhabited the
Red River Delta
The Red River Delta or Hong River Delta ( vi, Châu thổ sông Hồng) is the flat low-lying plain formed by the Red River and its distributaries merging with the Thái Bình River in northern Vietnam. ''Hồng'' (紅) is a Sino-Vietnamese word ...
from 200 AD to 700 AD. Lý Phật Tử and
Triệu Việt Vương
Triệu Việt Vương (Chữ Nôm 趙越王, 524–571), born Triệu Quang Phục (趙光復), was a king of the Vietnamese Early Lý dynasty in the 6th century. He was co-ruler alongside Lý Thiên Bảo from 548 until Lý Thiên Bảo's death ...
had a peace agreement in place; however, Lý Phật Tử had ambitions to claim to the entire territory of Việt people. Around 570 AD, Lý Phật Tử's army overran
Long Biên
Long Biên (Vietnamese), also known as Longbian ( < : *''lioŋ-pian/pen'';[Schuessler, Ax ...]
, a region that belonged to Triệu Việt Vương, and seized it. Triệu Việt Vương was caught by surprise and defeated, he retreated to the river Đại Nha (now in
Nam Định Province
Nam Định () ( vi, Tỉnh Nam Định) is a province in the southern part of the Red River Delta region of northern Vietnam. It borders Ninh Bình province to the southwest, Hà Nam province to the northwest, Thái Bình province to the northe ...
, northern Vietnam) where he killed himself. Lý Phật Tử then proclaimed himself the Later Lý Nam Đế and went on to rule
Vạn Xuân (Vietnam) as an independent state for the next 32 years.
Fall of Late Lý Nam Đế and the 3rd Chinese domination
In 602 AD, the new
Sui dynasty emerged as the sole power in a unified China after having defeated the
Chen dynasty. The new Sui Emperor
Sui Wendi sent a 120,000-man army to invade
Vạn Xuân and re-claim dominion over the Viet people. Lý Phật Tử realized his army would not be strong enough to engage in a major conflict with the Sui invading force. At the same time, he also received enormous pressure from his ruling administration to avoid any confrontation with the emerging Sui Dynasty. In the winter of 602, when the Sui force marched on Vạn Xuân, Lý Phật Tử decided to surrender in exchange for stability in the region.
Aftermath of Early Lý dynasty
The Early Lý dynasty, although defeated, proved that it was capable of independence and self-rule. Through more than 60 years of rebellion and defiance, the national sentiment of Viet people was awakened. When the northern imperial power began showing signs of weakness and disunity at the end of the
Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdom ...
, the Việt people would seize the opportunity to slip from the Chinese rule.
References
Works cited
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hau Ly Nam De
Early Lý Dynasty Kings
Hoa people
518 births
606 deaths
6th-century monarchs in Asia
6th-century Vietnamese people
7th-century Vietnamese people
Vietnamese monarchs